摘要:
The invention relates to a manifold (1) with a circular cross-section having a deviation angle of 180 degrees for a tube bundle heat exchanger (100) for large product pressures, having a first and a second flange (2, 3) on each inlet (E) and outlet (A) of the manifold (1), in addition to a method for producing a tube bundle heat exchanger (100) comprising said type of manifold (1) and to the use of a tube bundle heat exchanger (100) for large product pressure having said type of manifold (1) in a spray drying system. The aim of the invention is to produce a manifold for a tube bundle heat exchanger for large product pressure, which has, amongst other things, the required strength and sustainable dimensional accuracy and is optimized in terms of flow technology during the course of the production thereof. A manifold (1) of said type can be achieved due to the following: the manifold (1) consists of two manifold halves (1.1, 1.2) which are respectively made of a single piece such that each manifold half (1.1, 1.2) comprises a joining point (V) on the end facing away from the flange (2, 3) and that the manifold halves (1.1, 1.2) are connected together in a material fit on the associated connection point (V) and that the extension of the passage cross-section of each manifold half (1.1, 1.2) is formed by rotationally symmetrical through-openings, from which at least one of the flanges (2, 3) and at least one of the associated connecting points (V) extends in the respective coaxial arrangement on the rotational axes (X1.1, Y1.1; X1.2, Y1.2), and that the first and the second rotational axes (X1.1, Y1.1) of the through openings of the first manifold halves (1,1) and the third and the fourth rotational axes (X1.2, Y1.2) of the through openings of the second manifold halves (1.2) extend on a common plane, which represents a meridian plane (M) for each flange (2, 3).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for introducing a vaporous heat carrier into a liquid product, in particular a food product or beverage, and in this case in particular viscous products, for example desserts, sauces or concentrates, in which method the vaporous heat carrier heats the liquid product in order to form a germ-free product, and also to an injector for carrying out the method. The object of the present invention is to provide a method of the generic type and an injector for carrying out said method, with which method and injector, in particular, a reduction in the heat transfer capacity of the injector is prevented over the entire production time. In the context of the method, this is achieved in that three physical measurement variables which can be detected during operation of the injector are used as indicators of the formation of product deposits, at least one of said three physical measurement variables being detected, and in that, depending on one or more of these physical measurement variables, an automatically controlled axial movement of the displacement body is carried out in such a way that the heat transfer capacity from the vaporous heat carrier (D) into the liquid product (P) remains the same.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and to a device for controlling foaming in a degassing device (10; 10.1, 10.2) for liquids (P), in particular liquid foods such as milk, semi-skimmed milk, skimmed milk, or fruit juices, and to a heat-exchanger system (20) for such a device. The aim of the invention is for the method, the device for performing the method, and the heat-exchanger system to effectively control and limit foaming and to prevent the growth of the foam beyond a tolerable amount while ensuring the sanitary and hygienic process-control requirements in the field of the treatment and processing of liquid foods. This aim is achieved in respect of process engineering, inter alia in that the growing foam (S), beginning at a first heating distance (h1) from the free surface (N) releasing the foam (S) and beginning at a second heating distance (h2) from the liquid film (F) releasing the foam (S), first experiences heating from the liquid temperature (T3) to a heating temperature (T1) in the heat-exchanger system (20), which consists of a heating heat exchanger (20.1) and a cooling heat exchanger (20.2), and that the further growing heated foam (S), beginning at a first cooling distance (k1) from the first heating distance (h1) and beginning at a second cooling distance (k2) from the second heating distance (h2), then experiences cooling to a cooling temperature (T2) in the heat-exchanger system (20).