摘要:
Various methods, systems and devices for optical detection and analysis of polymers, such as polynucleotides, using nanopores, e.g., for determining sequences of nucleic acids, are provided herein. In certain variations, methods and systems for determining a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide, which include measuring mixed FRET signals as a polynucleotide translocates through a nanopore and determining a nucleotide sequence of the polynucleotide from the mixed FRET signals, are provided.
摘要:
Various methods, systems and devices for optical detection and analysis of polymers, such as polynucleotides, using nanopores, e.g., for determining sequences of nucleic acids, are provided herein. In certain variations, methods and systems for determining a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide, which include measuring mixed FRET signals as a polynucleotide translocates through a nanopore and determining a nucleotide sequence of the polynucleotide from the mixed FRET signals, are provided.
摘要:
The invention is directed to methods and apparatus for detecting sequences of optical signals from parallel reactions on an array of nanostructures, such as nanopores, nanowells, or nanoparticles. In accordance with the invention, an array of nanostructures is provided, each nanostructure comprising a reaction site and each capable of confining a reaction that generates a sequence of optical signals, and the nanostructures of the array being arranged in clusters each comprising a number of nanostructures. Each different cluster is disposed within a different resolution limited area and the number of nanostructures in each cluster is either greater than one or a random variable with an average value greater than zero. Optical signals from reactions in the nanostructures are detected by an optical system operatively associated with the array.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a method for determining a monomer sequence of a polymer that is translocated through a nanopore. Monomers of the polymer are labeled with fluorescent labels such that in free solution fluorescent labels of adjacent monomers substantially quench each other and wherein the nanopore constrains fluorescent labels within its bore into a constrained state wherein no detectable fluorescent signal can be generated. By exciting the fluorescent label of each monomer as it exits the nanopore and transitions from a constrained state to a quenched state with an adjacent fluorescent label, a fluorescent signal can be generated by the exiting fluorescent label that allows its monomer to be identified, thereby permitting a monomer sequence to be determined from a sequence of fluorescent signals as the polymer translocates through the nanopore.
摘要:
Methods and systems for sequencing a biological molecule or polymer, e.g., a nucleic acid, are provided. One or more donor labels, which are attached to a pore or nanopore, may be illuminated or otherwise excited. A polymer having a monomer labeled with one or more acceptor labels, may be translocated through the pore. Either before, after or while the labeled monomer of the polymer passes through, exits or enters the pore, energy may be transferred from the excited donor label to the acceptor label of the monomer. As a result of the energy transfer, the acceptor label emits energy, and the emitted energy is detected in order to identify the labeled monomer of the translocated polymer and to thereby sequence the polymer.