摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the purification of titania by treating the titania with an aqueous solution comprising one or more ammonium compounds at elevated temperatures, separating the titania from the aqueous solution, drying the titania and, optionally, calcination of the dried titania. More especially the invention relates to the removal of sulphur (mainly present in the form of sulphate compounds) from the titania. The titania purified according to the above process is especially suitable for the use as catalyst carrier.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a cobalt-containing catalyst or catalyst precursor, comprising (a) mixing (1) titania or a titania precursor, (2) a liquid, and (3) a cobalt compound, which is at least partially insoluble in the amount of liquid used, to form a mixture, (b) shaping and drying of the mixture thus-obtained, and (c) calcination of the composition thus-obtained. A catalyst or catalyst precursor obtainable by the process as defined, and a process for the preparation of hydrocarbons comprising contacting a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with the catalyst as defined.
摘要:
A process for mineral carbonation with carbon dioxide wherein carbon dioxide is reacted with a bivalent alkaline earth metal silicate, selected from the group of ortho-, di-, ring, and chain silicates, which silicate is immersed in an aqueous electrolyte solution. The invention further relates to the use of the mixture of carbonate and silica formed in such a process in construction materials and to the use of the carbonate formed by such a process for the production of calcium oxide.
摘要:
Shaped catalyst or catalyst precursor containing a catalytically active component or a precursor therefor, the component selected from elements of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, supported on a carrier, which catalyst or catalyst precursor is an elongated shaped particle comprising three protrusions each extending from and attached to a central position, wherein the central position is aligned along the longitudinal axis of the particle, the cross-section of the particle occupying the space encompassed by the outer edges of six circles around a central circle, each of the six circles touching two neighbouring circles whilst three alternating circles are equidistant to the central circle and may be attached to the central circle, minus the space occupied by the three remaining outer circles and including the six interstitial regions. The invention further relates to a process to prepare the catalyst or catalyst precursor from a shapeable dough, to the die-plate used for the preparation of an extruded catalyst or catalyst precursor, to the use of the catalysts, as well as to hydrocarbons prepared by using the catalyst. The invention further relates to a process to obtain fuels and optionally base oils, by hydrogenation, hydroisomerisation and/or hydrocracking of the hydrocarbons prepared by using the catalyst.
摘要:
A process for preparing a shell metal catalyst or a precursor of a shell metal catalyst which process comprises the steps of (1) applying a slurry comprising a diluent, a catalytically active metal or a precursor compound thereof, and optionally a refractory oxide, designated hereinafter as 'first refractory oxide', of an element having an atomic number of at least 20 or a precursor of the first refractory oxide, onto the surface of particles of a core carrier, forming a wet coating, and (2) removing at least a part of the diluent from the wet coating, wherein the slurry comprises at least 5 %w of the catalytically active metal or the precursor compound thereof, calculated on the weight of the metal relative to the weight of calcination residue which can be formed from the slurry by drying the slurry and calcining; a shell metal catalyst or a precursor of a shell metal catalyst which is obtainable by the said process; the use of the said shell metal catalyst as claimed in a chemical conversion process; and a process for producing hydrocarbons, which process comprises contacting a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with a said shell metal catalyst wherein the catalytically active metal is a Group VIII metal which is present at least partly in metallic form.
摘要:
Process for the catalytic dewaxing of a hydrocarbon feed comprising waxy molecules by contacting the hydrocarbon feed under catalytic dewaxing conditions with a catalyst composition comprising metallosilicate crystallites, a binder and a hydrogenation component, wherein the weight ratio of the metallosilicate crystallites and the binder is between 5:95 and 35:65. Catalyst composition comprising at least a low acidity refractory oxide binder, which binder is essentially free of aluminium, metallosilicate crystallites and a hydrogenation component, wherein the weight ratio of the metallosilicate crystallites and the binder is between 5:95 and 35:65.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of styrene or substituted styrenes comprising the gas phase dehydration of 1-phenyl ethanol or substituted 1-phenyl ethanol in the presence of a solid acidic catalyst comprising a zeolite and a binder material, wherein the weight ratio of zeolite to binder is in the range of from 1:99 to 90:10 and wherein the following relation applies: 0
摘要:
A catalyst is provided comprising nickel in a reduced valence state on a carrier comprising zinc oxide and alumina, wherein the Zn:Ni atomic ratio is at least 12, and the catalyst particles are prepared by: mixing zinc oxide in the form of a powder and alumina or an alumina precursor in the form of a powder; peptizing the powder mixture and forming an extrudable dough by adding acid and water to the powder mixture in such amounts that the dough contains 0.8-1.2 moles acid equivalents per kg powder; extruding the extrudable dough to form extrudates; drying and calcining the extrudates; impregnating the extrudates with an aqueous solution of a nickel compound; drying, calcining and reducing the impregnated extrudates. Further provided is a process for desulphurization of a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock using such catalyst.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of isopropanol, wherein a benzene-contaminated feed of acetone is hydrogenated to obtain isopropanol and hydrogenation products of benzene. Combination of such a process with a process for the preparation of phenol and combination of such a process with a series of separation steps.
摘要:
Process for preparing organic hydroperoxide having a reduced content of contaminants, which process comprises: (a) oxidation of an organic compound to obtain reaction product containing an organic hydroperoxide, (b) contacting at least part of the organic hydroperoxide containing reaction product with a basic aqueous solution, (c) separating the hydrocarbonaceous phase containing organic hydroperoxide from the aqueous phase, (d) washing at least part of the separated hydrocarbonaceous phase containing organic hydroperoxide, and (e) contacting at least part of the hydrocarbonaceous phase containing organic hydroperoxide with a guard bed comprising solid adsorbent having a void content of from 50% to 98% by volume.