摘要:
A fuel catalyst for improving combustion efficiency is provided that includes at least one hydride producing element, and at least one element of greater activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element and at least one element of lesser activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element. The hydride producing element preferably includes an element from at least one of a Group IV and Group V of the periodic table. The element of greater activity and the element of lesser activity preferably includes at least one of zinc, magnesium, aluminum, palladium, silver, copper and cerium. Preferred formulations of the catalyst element include: a) 20-60 wt.% antimony, 10-30 wt.% tin, 10-80 wt.% zinc and 1-5 wt.% silver; b) 40 wt.% antimony, 18 wt.% tin, 40 wt.% zinc and 2 wt.% silver; c) 20-60 wt.% antimony, 10-30 wt.% tin, 20-80 wt.% magnesium, 1-8 wt.% cerium and 0.1-1.0 wt.% palladium; d) 40 wt.% antimony, 25 wt.% tin, 30 wt.% magnesium, 4.8 wt.% cerium and 0.2 wt.% palladium; and e) 25 wt.% antimony, 25 wt.% tin, 39 wt.% zinc and 11 wt.% aluminum.
摘要:
A catalyst for the production of ethylene oxide from ethylene, said catalyst comprising a porous carrier composed of a molded article of a refractory material and at least silver grains deposited on the carrier, wherein
(A) silver is distributed on the outside surface of the carrier and on the inner surfaces of the pores of the carrier, (B) silver grains distributed on the inner surfaces of the pores of the carrier have an average diameter of 0.05 to 0.4 micron, and (C) the loading (S) of silver on the outside surface layer of the catalyst and the loading (I) of silver on the innermost layer of the catalyst satisfy the following expression and a process for producing a catalyst for the production of ethylene oxide from ethylene, which comprises impregnating an aqueous solution containing a silver salt and an amine as a complex forming agent in a porous carrier composed of a molded article of a refractory material, and heating the carrier with superheated steam to deposit silver on the carrier.
摘要:
A metal loaded catalyst comprises a support and main active metal components and optional auxiliary active metal components, wherein the main active metal components are elementary substances and obtained by ionizing radiation reducing precursors of main active metal components. The catalyst can be widely used in the catalytic reactions of petrochemistry industry with high activity and selectivity. The catalyst can be used directly without being reduced preliminarily by hydrogen.
摘要:
A metal loaded catalyst comprises a support and main active metal components and optional auxiliary active metal components, wherein the main active metal components are elementary substances and obtained by ionizing radiation reducing precursors of main active metal components. The catalyst can be widely used in the catalytic reactions of petrochemistry industry with high activity and selectivity. The catalyst can be used directly without being reduced preliminarily by hydrogen.
摘要:
A fuel catalyst for improving combustion efficiency is provided that includes at least one hydride producing element, and at least one element of greater activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element and at least one element of lesser activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element. The hydride producing element preferably includes an element from at least one of a Group IV and Group V of the periodic table. The element of greater activity and the element of lesser activity preferably includes at least one of zinc, magnesium, aluminum, palladium, silver, copper and cerium. Preferred formulations of the catalyst element include: a) 20-60 wt.% antimony, 10-30 wt.% tin, 10-80 wt.% zinc and 1-5 wt.% silver; b) 40 wt. % antimony, 18 wt.% tin, 40 wt. % zinc and 2 wt. % silver; c) 20-60 wt. % antimony, 10-30 wt. % tin, 20-80 wt. % magnesium, 1-8 wt. % cerium and 0.1 - 1.0 wt. % palladium; d) 40 wt. % antimony, 25 wt. % tin, 30 wt. % magnesium, 4.8 wt. % cerium and 0.2 wt. % palladium; and e) 25 wt. % antimony, 25 wt. % tin, 39 wt. % zinc and 11 wt. % aluminum.
摘要:
A fuel catalyst for improving combustion efficiency is provided that includes at least one hydride producing element, and at least one element of greater activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element and at least one element of lesser activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element. The hydride producing element preferably includes an element from at least one of a Group IV and Group V of the periodic table. The element of greater activity and the element of lesser activity preferably includes at least one of zinc, magnesium, aluminum, palladium, silver, copper and cerium. Preferred formulations of the catalyst element include: a) 20-60 wt.% antimony, 10-30 wt.% tin, 10-80 wt.% zinc and 1-5 wt.% silver; b) 40 wt.% antimony, 18 wt.% tin, 40 wt.% zinc and 2 wt.% silver; c) 20-60 wt.% antimony, 10-30 wt.% tin, 20-80 wt.% magnesium, 1-8 wt.% cerium and 0.1-1.0 wt.% palladium; d) 40 wt.% antimony, 25 wt.% tin, 30 wt.% magnesium, 4.8 wt.% cerium and 0.2 wt.% palladium; and e) 25 wt.% antimony, 25 wt.% tin, 39 wt.% zinc and 11 wt.% aluminum.
摘要:
The invention relates to polyoxometalates represented by the formula (An)m+{M's[M''M12X8OyRzHq]}m- or solvates thereof, corresponding supported polyoxometalates, and processes for their preparation, as well as corresponding metal-clusters, optionally in the form of a dispersion in a liquid carrier medium or immobilized on a solid support, and processes for their preparation, as well as their use in reductive conversion of organic substrate.
摘要:
The invention relates to new catalysts for oxidative esterification that allows (meth)acrolein, for example, to be converted to methyl(meth)acrylate. The catalysts of the invention are characterized in particular by great mechanical and chemical stability even over very long periods of time. There is an improvement especially over prior art catalysts that lose activity and/or selectivity relatively quickly during continuous operation in media having even a low water content.