摘要:
A composition comprising 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a catalyst comprising (a) M x O y wherein M is a rare earth metal, a group IIIA metal, Zr, or a combination thereof, and x and y are based upon an oxidation state of M, or (b) M 3 a (PO 4 ) b where M 3 is a group IA, a group IIA metal, a group IIIA metal, or a combination thereof, and a and b are based upon the oxidation state of M 3 . Embodiments of the catalyst comprising M x O y may further include M 2 , wherein M 2 is a rare earth metal, a group IIA metal, Zr, Al, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by a catalyst comprising M x O y , and the methyl vinyl carbinol is subsequently dehydrated to 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a solid acid catalyst.
摘要:
A catalyst for catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide using a hydrocarbon and/or an oxygen-containing organic compound as a reducing agent, which comprises a perovskite type compound oxide represented by formula (I), (IV), or (V):
A¹ x B¹ 1-x C¹O₃ (I)
wherein A¹ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, and Gd; B¹ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Bi, Th, Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, Pb, Zn, and Ag; C¹ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Cu, V, Mo, W, Ta, Li, Ti, Zr, Nb, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Pt; and x is a number of from 0 to 1,
A⁴ 2-x B³ x C⁴O₄ (IV)
wherein A⁴ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Bi; B³ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, Pb, Zn, and Ag; C⁴ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Cu, V, Mo, W, Ti, Zr, Nb, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Pt; and x is a number of from 0 to 1,
A⁵ x B³ 3-x C⁴₃O₇ (V)
wherein A⁵ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd; B³ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, Pb, Zn, and Ag; C⁴ represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Cu, V, Mo, W, Ti, Zr, Nb, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Pt; and x is a number of from 0 to 1, said perovskite compound being supported on a solid acid carrier. The catalyst selectively catalyzes a reaction of nitrogen oxide with the reducing agent even in the presence of oxygen so that nitrogen oxide in emissions can be reduced efficiently without requiring a large quantity of the reducing agent.
摘要翻译:使用烃和/或含氧有机化合物作为还原剂催化还原氮氧化物的催化剂,其包含由式(I),(IV)或(V)表示的钙钛矿型复合氧化物:A < 1> xB 1-xC 1 O 3(I>其中A 1表示选自La,Y,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm,Eu和Gd中的至少一种元素 ; B 1表示选自Na,K,Bi,Th,Ba,Sr,Ca,Mg,Pb,Zn和Ag中的至少一种元素; C 1表示选自 由Mn,Co,Fe,Ni,Cr,Cu,V,Mo,W,Ta,Li,Ti,Zr,Nb,Pd,Rh,Ru和Pt组成的组; x为0〜 其中A 4表示选自Y,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm中的至少一种元素, Eu,Gd和Bi; B 3表示选自Ba,Sr,Ca,Mg,Pb,Zn和Ag中的至少一种元素; C 4表示选自以下的至少一种元素: 合作 存在Mn,Co,Fe,Ni,Cr,Cu,V,Mo,W,Ti,Zr,Nb,Pd,Rh,Ru和Pt; 并且x是0至1的数,A 5 x 3 3 x C 4 O 7(V 3)其中A 5表示选自La,Y,Ce中的至少一种元素 ,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd; B 3表示选自Ba,Sr,Ca,Mg,Pb,Zn和Ag中的至少一种元素; C 4表示至少一种元素 选自Mn,Co,Fe,Ni,Cr,Cu,V,Mo,W,Ti,Zr,Nb,Pd,Rh,Ru和Pt中的一种; x为0〜 所述钙钛矿化合物负载在固体酸性载体上,催化剂即使在氧的存在下也选择性地催化氮氧化物与还原剂的反应,从而可以有效地降低排放物中的氮氧化物,而不需要大量的还原剂。
摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst composition for one-step synthesis of vinyl chloride from ethylene comprising at least one rare earth metal M in the chlorinated forms MOCI or MCl 3 . The invention relates also to a catalyst bed comprising said catalyst composition and a one-step process for the synthesis of vinyl chloride from ethylene.
摘要:
A catalyst of formula (2):V Tib(C)c(D)dCeeOx wherein (C) is at least one rare earth element other than cerium; (D) is at least one of phosphorus, antimony, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, boron and sulfur; 0 Optionally one or two other vanadium containing catalysts are used in catalyst beds before and/or after catalyst (2). Preferably the process is carried out in a fixed bed multitubular reactor.
摘要:
A method for preparing methacrolein comprises subjecting isobutylene or a tertiary butanol to gas phase catalytic oxidation with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a mixture of a composition (I) represented by the following general formula I:
Mo a Bi b Fe c X d Y e Z f O g I
wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni and Co; Y represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, Cs and Tl; Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of those belonging to Group 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of Periodic Table in accordance with IUPAC nomenclature (1989); and a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represents an atomic ratio of each corresponding element, when a is assumed to be 12, b is 0.1 to 10, c is 0 to 20, d is 0 to 20, e is 0 to 2, f is 0 to 4 and g is the number of oxygen atoms which is required for satisfying the valencies of the foregoing elements and a composition (II) represented by the following general formula II:
Ln h MO i O j II
wherein Ln represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements; h, i and j each represents an atomic ratio of each corresponding element, when i is assumed to be 1, h is 0.2 to 1.5 and j is the number of oxygen atoms which is required for satisfying the valencies of the foregoing elements. According to this method, the end product is obtained with a high yield and selectivity.
摘要翻译:一种制备甲基丙烯醛的方法包括在催化剂存在下使用异丁烯或叔丁醇进行气相催化氧化,所述催化剂包含由以下通式I表示的组合物(I)的混合物:Moa Bib Fec X d Y e Zf Og I其中X表示选自Ni和Co中的至少一种元素; Y表示选自K,Rb,Cs和T1中的至少一种元素; Z表示选自根据IUPAC命名(1989)的属于元素周期表的第2,3,4,5,6,7,11,12,13,14,15和16族的那些元素中的至少一种元素。 ; a,b,c,d,e,f和g各自表示各对应元素的原子比,当a为12时,b为0.1〜10,c为0〜20,d为0〜20, e为0〜2,f为0〜4,g为满足上述成分的化合价所需的氧原子数,以及下述通式II表示的组成(II):Ln h MOi O j II 其中Ln表示选自由稀土元素组成的组中的至少一种元素; h,i和j各自表示每个相应元素的原子比,当i假设为1时,h为0.2至1.5,j为满足上述元素的价态所需的氧原子数。 根据该方法,以高产率和选择性获得最终产物。
摘要:
This invention concerns catalysts comprising a molybdenum compound of formula (I): VqMoAyOz, (II): NiMoxByOz', (III): VNiwMoxCy'Oz'', (IV): CoNiwMoxDyOz''', or (V): VNiwCorMoxEyOz'''' wherein: A is at least one cation selected from the group consisting of cations of: Cr, Sb, Co, Ce and Pb; B is at least one cation selected from the group consisting of cations of: Sb, Al and W; C is at least one cation selected from the group consisting of cations of: Fe, Zn, Al, Sb, Bi, W, Li, Ba, Nb and Sn; D is at least one cation selected from the group consisting of cations of: Ba, Mn, Al, Sb, Sn and W; E is at least one cation selected from the group consisting of cations of: Fe, Ca, Mn, Sr, Eu, La, Zr, Ga, Sn and Pb; q, r, w, x and y are each independently a number from 0.1 to 10 and y' is a number from 0 to 10, z, z', z'', z''' and z'''' are determined using the amounts and oxidation states of all cations present in each formula. These catalysts can be used in C4 oxidation processes, especially butane oxidation processes.
摘要:
A method for preparing methacrolein comprises subjecting isobutylene or a tertiary butanol to gas phase catalytic oxidation with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a mixture of a composition (I) represented by the following general formula I: Mo a Bi b Fe c X d Y e Z f O g I wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni and Co; Y represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, Cs and Tl; Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of those belonging to Group 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of Periodic Table in accordance with IUPAC nomenclature (1989); and a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represents an atomic ratio of each corresponding element, when a is assumed to be 12, b is 0.1 to 10, c is 0 to 20, d is 0 to 20, e is 0 to 2, f is 0 to 4 and g is the number of oxygen atoms which is required for satisfying the valencies of the foregoing elements and a composition (II) represented by the following general formula II: Ln h MO i O j II wherein Ln represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements; h, i and j each represents an atomic ratio of each corresponding element, when i is assumed to be 1, h is 0.2 to 1.5 and j is the number of oxygen atoms which is required for satisfying the valencies of the foregoing elements. According to this method, the end product is obtained with a high yield and selectivity.