Abstract:
An apparatus, system, and method for processing hydrocarbon-containing wastes are described. The system and method include the use of a gasification apparatus comprising a rotary kiln reactor and a gas distributor. The rotary kiln reactor and gas distributor are configured to generate multiple reaction environments within the gasification apparatus. Each of the reaction environments has unique temperature reaction conditions to suit various physical and chemical properties associated with processing of the varied-source hydrocarbon-containing wastes.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a gasifier (500) comprising: a gasification chamber (518); a feedstock inlet (520) opening into the gasification chamber (518) for introducing feedstock material and primary combustible gas; a gas outlet (523) opening into the gasification chamber; and a flow path between the feedstock inlet (520) and the gas outlet (523) which passes through the gasification chamber (518), a portion of the flow path having an upwards component within the gasification chamber so that particulate material entrained in the primary combustible gas separates from the primary combustible gas and falls towards the bed of feedstock material. There is also disclosed a gasifier (500) comprising: a chamber wall (510) defining a gasification chamber (518); an ash grate (526) disposed in the gasification chamber (518); and a rotary crusher (532) disposed in the gasification chamber (518) above the ash grate (532) and provided with at least one crushing element (536); wherein in use rotation of the crusher causes agglomerated feedstock material in the bed to break apart between the crushing element and an opposing surface.
Abstract:
This invention provides an apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content. The apparatus comprising an oven (10) mounted for rotation on at least one support (16). The oven (10) has an inlet (20) for receiving hot gas having a low or zero oxygen content to heat the material therein so as to process it to produce syngas, and an outlet (24) for said syngas. An electromagnet (28) is disposed in or adjacent the oven (10) so as to create a magnetic field therein and a plurality of ferrous elements (30) are freely disposed within the oven (10). A controller (32) is provided for controlling the electromagnet (28) and the rotation of the oven (10). When activated the electromagnet retains said ferrous elements as the oven rotates.
Abstract:
An optical network (10) comprising an optical network element (12) comprising a first optical transmitter (14), a first controller (16), an optical receiver (18), a second optical transmitter (22), a second controller (24) and optical receiver apparatus (26). Said first controller is arranged to control said first optical transmitter to generate and transmit a first optical signal in response no second optical signal being detected. Said first controller is arranged to iteratively generate and transmit said first optical signal at different wavelengths of a plurality of wavelengths until said second optical signal is detected, and is further arranged to subsequently maintain generation and transmission of said first optical signal at said wavelength at which said second optical signal is detected. Said second controller is arranged to control said second optical transmitter to generate and transmit said second optical signal following detection of said first optical signal by said optical receiver apparatus.
Abstract:
High-temperature furnace (10) for processing carbon-containing material such as biomass or waste in an inner zone (8) at a high-temperature. The furnace (10) comprises an in-feed side (20) for continuously feeding said carbon-containing material into said inner zone (8) and an output side (30) where a Syngas is provided. The infeed side (20) comprises an infeed section (23) providing for an atmosphere being essentially oxygen-free. There is gas inlet (22.1) at the infeed section (23) which is connected to the output side (30) with a feedback pipe for feeding some of said Syngas into said infeed section (23). The syngas provides preheating of the material and reduces corrosion risk in the high temperature zone.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a biomass gasifier for the gasification of renewable raw materials. A biomass gasifier which generates a comparatively pure product gas with only low level impurities which can, for example, be used in an internal combustion engine can be achieved by means of a biomass gasifier with the following features: a biomass gasifier with a rotating tube reactor (10) which may be rotated about the longitudinal axis thereof, a first front face (24) of the rotating tube reactor (10) having a first and a second opening, whilst a second front face (26) of the rotating tube reactor (10) has a sealed embodiment, with an externally mounted heating device (12), with a biomass supply line (20), opening out into the rotating tube reactor (10) through the first opening in the first from face (24) and with a residue extraction line (30), which extends into a reaction zone (28) in the rotating tube reactor (10) through the second opening in the first front face (24), the residue extraction line (30) being designed such as to remove both the residue and the product gas from the rotating tube reactor (10).