Abstract:
One embodiment of the present invention is a unique reducing gas generator. Another embodiment is a unique method for generating a reducing gas. Other embodiments include apparatuses, systems, devices, hardware, methods, and combinations for generating reducing gas. Further embodiments, forms, features, aspects, benefits, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description and figures provided herewith.
Abstract:
L'invention porte sur un procédé d'observation d'un état (X) d'un système électrochimique (1) comportant une pile à combustible (2) comportant les étapes suivantes : a) mesure (100) de paramètres représentatifs de la pile à combustible en fonctionnement ; b) formation (200) d'un vecteur de commande (U) ; c) formation (300) d'un vecteur de mesure (Y) ; d) calcul (400) d'une évolution temporelle dite non corrigée ( ) ; e) calcul (500) d'un terme correcteur (ε) en mode glissant ; f) calcul (700) d'une estimation (X̂) dudit état (X) du système électrochimique (1); g) réitération des étapes a) à f) en incrémentant l'instant de mesure.
Abstract:
Purge valves that are manually turned ON but are automatically or electrically turned OFF as the fuel cell's production of electricity reaches a predetermined level, e.g., steady state or thereabout are disclosed. The purge valve may be opened at system start-up, or may be opened at system shut-down so that the purge valve is armed and the fuel cell system is purged at the next start-up. Also disclosed is an integrated fluidic interface module that contains various fluidic components including one of these purge valves. The integrated fluidic interface module can operate passively or without being actively controlled by a processor. Methods of operating a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system is purged at system start-up, are also disclosed. The purging automatically stops when the anode plenum is fully purged and replaced with fuel.
Abstract:
A fuel cell system (100) includes a hydrogen supply valve (33) that controls a supply of the anode gas into an anode system, a purge valve (36) that discharges an off-gas from the anode system, a pressure detecting unit (34) configured to measure a pressure inside the anode system, and a purge flow rate estimating unit (4) configured to estimate a purge flow rate of the off-gas discharged from the anode system through the purge valve (36) based on a pressure decrease in a purge valve open state and a pressure decrease in a purge valve close state when an anode gas supply into the anode system stops.
Abstract:
A flow battery system includes an ON mode, and OFF mode and a STANDBY mode. The ON mode enables access to a full energy capacity of the flow battery system with regard to an amount of electric power that can be drawn from or stored to the flow battery system. The OFF mode disables access to the full energy capacity and the STANDBY mode enables access to a portion of the full energy capacity.
Abstract:
A solid oxide fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell unit including a solid oxide fuel cell and a mixer, the solid oxide fuel cell including an anode gas passage and a cathode gas passage, the mixer mixing an anode off gas discharged from the anode gas passage and a cathode off gas discharged from the cathode gas passage; a power-generating raw material supply device configured to supply a power-generating raw material to the fuel cell unit; a combustible gas passage, which extends from the power-generating raw material supply device to a downstream end of the anode gas passage; an oxidizing gas supply device configured to supply an oxidizing gas to the cathode gas passage; and a controller configured to, after electric power generation by the fuel cell unit is stopped, control the power-generating raw material supply device to supply the power-generating raw material in a volume more than or equal to a volume of the combustible gas passage to the combustible gas passage, and concurrently control the oxidizing gas supply device to supply the oxidizing gas to the cathode gas passage.