Abstract:
The invention will be applied in industry and households. The method includes performance of an electrolysis process. A first heat-transferring fluid is heated directly in the electrolytic cell (2) by the heated electrolyte (3). A second heat-transferring fluid is heated with the released oxy-hydrogen gas (4) by a gas flame burner (5). Both heat-transferring fluids - through independent from each other circulation circuits (6, 7) - give their heat in an accumulating vessel (8) which contains the liquid (1) to be heated. The method and the device for its realization allow heating the liquid within a short period of time and with low energy consumption. Small-sized devices are designed according to the invention, with high efficiency and safety in use and no harmful environmental emissions are released. The direct use of energy from alternative sources is possible.
Abstract:
A heating system to heat a main heating circulation comprises an electric heater, a control head, a heat exchanger, a pump, and a plurality of tubes. The electric heater is adapted to heat a primary heating liquid by applying an electric current directly to the primary heating liquid. The control head is adapted to determine a temperature and a pressure of the primary heating liquid. The heat exchanger comprises a first liquid passage for the primary heating liquid and a second liquid passage for a secondary heating liquid in the main heating circulation. The second liquid passage is in thermal contact with the first liquid passage to heat the secondary heating liquid while cooling the primary heating liquid. The tubes connect the electric heater, the control head, the heat exchanger and the pump to define a circulation for the primary heating liquid. The pump is adapted to pump the primary heating liquid such that heat is transferred from the heater via the heat exchanger into said the heating circulation.
Abstract:
An electrical liquid heating system and method of heating a liquid includes providing at least two spaced apart electrical conductors and applying an electrical energy source to the conductors. A liquid is directed into contact with the conductors thereby delivering electrical energy to the liquid. Electrical energy is delivered to the liquid at a power level that is sufficient to generate an electrical current to produce resistive heating of the liquid. The electrical energy may be delivered to the liquid at a power level that is sufficient to break at least some molecular bonds of molecules defining the liquid. A regulator may be provided for regulating delivery of electrical energy to the liquid.
Abstract:
Some embodiments relate generally to electric fluid heaters and heating methods and heating systems employing such heaters and methods. A representative embodiment of the heater comprises: a body having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and defining a fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet; and at least two heating assemblies disposed in the body and arranged in parallel, each heating assembly comprising at least two electrodes configured to heat fluid by passing alternating electric current through the fluid; wherein the at least two heating assemblies are arranged in the body so that fluid flowing through the fluid passage flows simultaneously through the at least two heating assemblies.
Abstract:
The apparatus system includes a carbothermic reactor and an electrical supply. The reactor includes a plurality of side-entering electrodes and a top-entering electrode. The electrical supply may be operable to supply multiphase current to the side-entering electrodes and/or the top-entering electrodes. The electrodes are in communication with a molten bath of the reactor, and the multiphase current supplied thereto is passed through the bath to heat the reactor. The amount of current supplied to various electrode sets may be adjusted to facilitate tailored heating of the molten bath. In the method of carbothermic aluminium production using a reactor with a top-entering electrode and plural side-entering electrodes a feedstock supply path is provided defined by a port in the cover of the the reactor and a top electrode entering through said port in the reactor chamber. Off-gas from the carbothermic reactor is flown into the feedstock supply path to preheat the feedstock of aluminium and carbon reductant.
Abstract:
The apparatus system includes a carbothermic reactor and an electrical supply. The reactor includes a plurality of side-entering electrodes and a top-entering electrode. The electrical supply may be operable to supply multiphase current to the side-entering electrodes and/or the top-entering electrodes. The electrodes are in communication with a molten bath of the reactor, and the multiphase current supplied thereto is passed through the bath to heat the reactor. The amount of current supplied to various electrode sets may be adjusted to facilitate tailored heating of the molten bath. In the method of carbothermic aluminium production using a reactor with a top-entering electrode and plural side-entering electrodes a feedstock supply path is provided defined by a port in the cover of the the reactor and a top electrode entering through said port in the reactor chamber. Off-gas from the carbothermic reactor is flown into the feedstock supply path to preheat the feedstock of aluminium and carbon reductant.
Abstract:
Apparatus for delivering electromagnetic energy into a solution comprises a power source (11), an oscillator crystal (12) and an antenna (14) for transmitting the generated signal into the solution. The solution is water which is used to irrigate plants and flowers or which can be used for consumption by humans or animals or for use in domestic applications.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a device for heating air, fluids and materials, in dry or wet environment powered in low voltage current or alternating or direct very low safe allowable voltage. The invention concerns a device for increasing the temperature of any type of surface, whether flat or embossed, solid or open-work, consisting of electrodes coated with a layer of electrically resistant fluid or pasty substance. The assembly of devices is very thin (about 1 millimetre). The inventive device is particularly designed for heating premises, swimming pools, pipes exposed to freezing, containers for warm food.