摘要:
A process for producing hydrochloromethanes such as chloroform at high selectivity in high yields by reducing polychloromethanes such as carbon tetrachloride in the presence of a reduction catalyst. It is essential to conduct reduction in liquid phase so as to inhibit effectively the concomitant formation of impurities such as a polymer which deactivates the catalyst, whereby the catalyst can fully develop its high selectivity and activity. As the catalyst, at least one element is suitably selected among the group 8, 9 and 10 elements of the Periodic Table, such as ruthenium, rhodium, palladium or platinum. Also suitably usable is a catalyst which is based on any of the above elements and further contains at least one of the group 11 elements such as copper, silver or gold. When the liquid-phase reduction is to be conducted continuously, the use of a fixed bed is desirable, a dropping bed being particularly desirable. This process is also highly valuable as a process for converting carbon tetrachloride, the use of which is legally regulated from the viewpoint of the preservation of the global environment, into, for example, chloroform, which is useful as the starting material of various fluorine compounds.
摘要:
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Hydrierung von Chlormethanen der Formel CH n Cl m mit n = 0 bis 3 und m = 4-n mit Wasserstoff bei einer Temperatur von 150 bis 250°C und unter einem Druck von 1 bis 10 bar absolut mittels eines Trägerkatalysators, enthaltend einen Aktivkohleträger mit mehr als 500 m²/g BET-Oberfläche, 0.5 bis 20 Gew.% Kupfer in elementarer oder chemisch gebundener Form und 0.01 bis 1.0 Gew.% Rhodium oder Palladium in elementarer oder chemisch gebundener Form und mit 0.1 bis 10.0 Gew.% eines wasserlöslichen Phosphoniumhalogenids.
摘要:
A process for preparing lower alkyl-halides from the reaction of HX and the corresponding lower alcohol, wherein X represents a halogen atom, comprises continuously feeding HX and a lower alcohol to a reactor maintaining the instantaneous molar ratio of HX to the alcohol greater than 3, and continuously distilling off lower alkyl-halide and water from the reactor, continuously separating the lower alkyl-halide and water and recycling part of the said water to the distillation column to abate HX distillation from the reactor. High acid concentrations and temperatures are maintained to obtain high yields and rapid conversion of alkanols.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methylchlorid aus Dimethylether und Chlorwasserstoff an einem festen Zinkchlorid-Katalysator, wobei Chlorwasserstoff und Dimethylether im Molverhältnis von 2,0 zu 1 bis 2,5 zu 1 eingesetzt werden.
摘要:
This invention describes an improved liquid phase chlorination process for the chlorination of methyl chloride to preferentially produce methylene chloride. The chlorine is provided to the reaction mixture in a mole percent, based upon the total moles of chlorine and methyl chloride in the mix, which ranges from 16 to 2 mole percent.
摘要:
Alkyl halides are prepared by reacting an alcohol with a halogenating agent in the presence of a compound of a metal of Groups IA or IIA of the Periodic Table as catalyst. The performance of the catalyst is generally improved by the addition of a solubilising agent.
摘要:
Die neuen anisotropen Verbindungen der in Anspruch 1 definierten Formel (1) sind zur Verwendung in Flüssigkristallmischungen für elektrooptische Anzeigen bestimmt; mindestens die eine Flügelgruppe der Verbindungen (1) ist eine Alkylgruppe, die Cyano oder Halogen in endständiger oder nicht endständiger Position trägt. Dies bietet Vorteile für die Längs- oder/und Querpolarisierung der anisotropen Verbindungen mit Hilfe der vergleichsweise stark polarisierend wirkenden Cyano- oder Halogensubstituenten, insbesondere hohe Klärpunkte, kleine Werte von (Δ∈)/(∈ ┴ ) und/oder negative Δ∈-Werte.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for producing a monoadduct of a taxogen and a telogen reactive therewith. The taxogen and telogen are reacted in the presence of both a promoter and a source of metallic iron that is capable of being an activator for the reaction. The promoter comprises a phosphorus (V) compound containing a phosphoryl group.