摘要:
A method and apparatus for injecting fuel into a diesel engine combustion chamber is provided wherein a pre-pilot injection (225) is injected sufficiently prior to critical mass conditions being achievable to permit vaporization and formation of a substantially homogenous mixture before a critical mass exist. Preferably, a pilot injection (215) is injected after the pre-pilot injection (225) but at or before a point wherein a critical mass based on the pre-pilot (225) quantity is attained. This will result in a reduced heat release rate which in turn will result in a slower, smoother and more controlled build-up of pressure in the combustion chamber and thereby advantageously reduce combustion noise.
摘要:
Invention which, by means of spray-controlled, directly injected combustion with the aid of step-by-step technical development of the whole of the combustion system, achieves an intensified mixing process during injection and after-burning, which speeds up soot oxidation during various stages so effectively that the engine can be run with sufficiently high EGR content for desired NOx and soot content down to ultra-low emissions, at the same time as parameters which control the efficiency are decoupled from measures for desired emission level, thereby enabling optimum efficiency to be attained for the process.
摘要:
A control box (11) for a dual-fuel internal-combustion engine (6) is actuated automatically by an oil-pressure switch (16) when activated by a manual switch (30) that directs power from a battery (29) or other engine-electrical component to a current distributor such as a 24-volt bus (49) for operating control-box components that include an under-current sensor (36) for preventing use of gaseous fuel in addition to liquid fuel under no-load and low-load conditions, an over-current sensor (39) for preventing use of gaseous fuel in addition to liquid fuel under excessive-load conditions, an intake-air sensor (17) for preventing use of gaseous fuel with liquid fuel when there is inadequate supply of air, a liquid-fuel-supply sensor (22) for preventing use of gaseous fuel with liquid fuel when there is inadequate supply of liquid fuel, and an exhaust-gas-temperature monitor (23) for shutting down dual-fuel mode when exhaust heat is excessive.
摘要:
An internal combustion engine and method therefor includes a plurality of cylinders (CYL1...n) arranged parallel to and equally spaced from a longitudinally extending engine axis (LA) with a pair of opposed pistons (P1, P2) mounted in each cylinder for controlled reciprocation therein. Respective rotatably mounted axial-faced cams (C1, C2) and connected followers control the motion of the pistons through the operating cycle to permit at least one and preferably more power strokes from each cylinder during each rotation of the engine. A controllable divider valve (DV) is located between the opposed faces of the pistons to define, on the one side, a first air/fuel receiving compression chamber and, on the other side, a second relatively high-pressure ignition air receiving chamber. Before the cam-controlled compression stroke, the divider valve (DV) is closed so that the air/fuel mixture on the one side of the closed valve is compressed to a first pressure and the ignition air on the other side of the divider valve (DV) is compressed to a relatively higher pressure to cause the temperature of this more highly compressed air to increase to a temperature above the ignition temperature of the compressed air/fuel mixture. Ignition is caused by opening the divider valve (DV) to permit the high-pressure, high-temperature ignition air in the second chamber to enter the compressed air/fuel mixture in the first chamber and to cause burning thereof.
摘要:
An automotive diesel engine is provided with pistons (21) each of which carries two compression rings (25-27) and an oil control ring. The cold end clearance of the lower compression ring (27) is at least three times greater than the cold end clearance of the top compression ring (25). The annulus defined by the second land (32) of the piston (21), the two compression rings (25-27) and the engine cylinder wall (11) has an empirically determined volume (35) which is within the range of about 0.12 cubic inches (0.00196 litre) to about 0.35 cubic inches (0.00574 litre). The top land (31) of the piston is set back to provide exaggerated diametral clearance from the cylinder wall.
摘要:
Various technologies presented herein relate to enhancing mixing inside a combustion chamber to form one or more locally premixed mixtures comprising fuel and charge-gas with low peak fuel to charge-gas ratios to enable minimal, or no, generation of soot and other undesired emissions during ignition and subsequent combustion of the locally premixed mixtures. To enable sufficient mixing of the fuel and charge-gas, a jet of fuel can be directed to pass through a bore of a duct causing charge-gas to be drawn into the bore creating turbulence to mix the fuel and the drawn charge-gas. The duct can be located proximate to an opening in a tip of a fuel injector. The duct can comprise of one or more holes along its length to enable charge-gas to be drawn into the bore, and further, the duct can cool the fuel and/or charge-gas prior to combustion.
摘要:
A system for generating hydrokinetic power from a subcritical channel is disclosed. The system comprises a power channel diverted from the subcritical channel for generating hydrokinetic power by changing one more flow parameters of water, wherein the power channel includes an intake section, one or more slope section, one or more power section and a recovery section, an intake spillway at the intake section of power channel, connecting the subcritical channel with the power channel for enhancing the velocity of water, wherein the intake spillway is designed based on rate of discharge of water to be drawn from the subcritical channel and an array of turbines located in the power channel for generating power using the diverted water from the subcritical channel, wherein the number of turbines are based on the length of the power channel.
摘要:
Invention which, by means of spray-controlled, directly injected combustion with the aid of step-by-step technical development of the whole of the combustion system, achieves an intensified mixing process during injection and after-burning, which speeds up soot oxidation during various stages so effectively that the engine can be run with sufficiently high EGR content for desired NOx and soot content down to ultra-low emissions, at the same time as parameters which control the efficiency are decoupled from measures for desired emission level, thereby enabling optimum efficiency to be attained for the process.
摘要:
An exhaust emissions analyzer for an automotive internal combustion engine has sensors for detecting constituents of the exhaust emissions, including a nitric oxide cell which receives the emissions and outputs an electrical signal indicative of nitric oxide in the emissions. An R-C circuit is interposed between the output of the nitric oxide cell and processing circuitry for enhancing the response time of the nitric oxide cell, reducing the rise and fall times of the cell output of signal. A temperature-responsive switching circuit disconnects the R-C enhancement circuit above a predetermined ambient temperature.