摘要:
Method and apparatus for separating components of a slurry comprising solid particles and liquid components, particularly where the slurry is under pressure. The components are separated in a hydrocyclone such that a solids-enriched slurry exits the separator via an underflow outlet while a solids-depleted slurry exits the separator through an overflow outlet and passes into a products vessel. Fluid communication is provided between the products vessel and the underflow outlet so that gas can circulate through the hydrocyclone. This gas circulation pathway may be achieved by enclosing the separation system in a housing or providing a gas circulation conduit between the products vessel and the underflow outlet of the separator or an optional solids vessel connected to the underflow outlet. Pressure within the separator apparatus may be adjusted and controlled at a negative, neutral or positive pressure while operating the hydrocyclone in balanced mode to achieve efficient separation. Where the slurry is derived from a high pressure and/or high temperature reactor and the solid components of the slurry include catalyst particles that are to be reclaimed and recycled to the reactor, the separator apparatus is preferably operated at substantially the same pressure that is found in the reactor.
摘要:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrogen production method with methanol as the raw material where hydrogen can be produced by a compact, lightweight device, and to provide the device. SOLUTION: The hydrogen production device 1 with methanol as the raw material comprises: a vessel 4 holding liquid methanol 2 as the raw material and a gas to be generated; a substrate 5 on which a catalyst is supported, and held by dipping into the liquid methanol 2 in the vessel 4; and a power source 6 feeding dc or ac electric current to the substrate 5. In the substrate 5, a transition metal catalyst is supported on a substrate consisting of oxide. When the substrate 5 is heated, a large quantity of gaseous hydrogen can be obtained by the peculiar catalytic cracking reaction of methanol caused by a rapid temperature gradient going from the surface of the substrate to the liquid methanol, the catalytic action of the oxide substrate, and the catalytic action of the catalyst supported on the substrate. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
摘要:
Wastewater is subjected to biological reaction in a bed containing the biological reaction bacteria on a particulate carrier wherein the lower portion of the bed is fluidized while the upper portion is maintained as a fixed bed. When the fixed bed portion becomes clogged with cellular material, the entire bed is fluidized and wash water is passed through the bed to remove excess cellular material. The method is applicable to advanced wastewater treatment, both secondary treatment for BOD removal, and tertiary treatment for nitrification and/or denitrification. The method is particularly advantageous for treatment of wastewater supplied at varying flow rates.