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1.发明申请SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC ALIGNMENT, STABILIZATION, AND FOCUS FOR AN OFF-AXIS TELESCOPE 有权用于自动对准，稳定和重点用于离轴电缆的系统公开(公告)号：US20120049040A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-01
申请号：US12869295
申请日：2010-08-26
IPC分类号： G01J1/20
CPC分类号： G01S7/4811 , G02B7/1827 , G02B7/183 , G02B17/0605 , G02B23/02
摘要： An off-axis telescope having a primary optical element configured to reflect an energy beam from an optical reference source that emits the energy beam along an optical path. The telescope includes angle sensors arranged on a periphery of the primary optical element to determine angular motion of the energy beam from the optical reference source. The angle sensors are operable to be biased to positional settings associated with a desired pointing direction of the energy beam. A secondary optical element is arranged in the optical path and translated along three orthogonal axes. A plurality of steering mirrors arranged between the optical reference source and the secondary optical element is configured to be tilted in response to a control signal. A controller auto-aligns the telescope by at least translating the secondary optical element and tilting the steering mirrors via the control signal using at least inputs from the plurality of angle sensors.
摘要翻译： 具有主光学元件的离轴望远镜，其被配置为反射来自沿着光路发射能量束的光学参考源的能量束。 望远镜包括设置在主光学元件的周边上的角度传感器，以确定来自光学参考源的能量束的角运动。 角度传感器可操作地偏置到与能量束的期望指向方向相关联的位置设置。 二次光学元件布置在光路中并沿三个正交轴平移。 布置在光学参考源和次级光学元件之间的多个转向镜被配置为响应于控制信号而倾斜。 控制器通过使用至少来自多个角度传感器的输入的至少平移辅助光学元件并经由控制信号倾斜转向镜来自动对准望远镜。
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2.发明授权Systems and methods for producing high-contrast, intensity equalized visible images 失效用于产生高对比度，强度均衡的可见图像的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5640469A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-17
申请号：US415048
申请日：1989-09-28
申请人： Lloyd J. Lewins , Peter V. Messina
发明人： Lloyd J. Lewins , Peter V. Messina
CPC分类号： G06T5/40 , G06T5/009 , G06T2207/10044 , G06T2207/10116 , H04N5/33
摘要： Systems and methods for improving the intensity equalization of image data obtained with systems that perceive images with energy sources other than visible light includes a sensor for such data; a converter for transforming the image data from analog form to digital form; a converter for transforming the digital data into black-and-white images containing a predetermined, desired number of gray shades; an intensity equalizer that compensates for the logarithmic effect of visual images on a human eye; an intensity equalizer that compensates for the non-linear effect of the display device for the data; and a converter for transforming the digital intensity-equalized black-and-white image data into analog form for display on a device such as a conventional CRT.
摘要翻译： 用于改善用可见光以外的能源感知图像的系统获得的图像数据的强度均衡的系统和方法包括用于这种数据的传感器; 用于将图像数据从模拟形式转换成数字形式的转换器; 一个转换器，用于将数字数据转换成包含预定数量的灰度阴影的黑白图像; 强度均衡器，用于补偿人眼上视觉图像的对数效应; 强度均衡器，用于补偿显示装置对于数据的非线性效应; 以及用于将数字强度均衡的黑白图像数据变换为模拟形式以在诸如常规CRT的设备上显示的转换器。
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3.发明授权System for automatic alignment, stabilization, and focus for an off-axis telescope using biased angle sensors 有权用于使用偏置角度传感器的离轴望远镜进行自动对准，稳定和对焦的系统公开(公告)号：US08748857B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-10
申请号：US12869295
申请日：2010-08-26
CPC分类号： G01S7/4811 , G02B7/1827 , G02B7/183 , G02B17/0605 , G02B23/02
摘要： An off-axis telescope having a primary optical element configured to reflect an energy beam from an optical reference source that emits the energy beam along an optical path. The telescope includes angle sensors arranged on a periphery of the primary optical element to determine angular motion of the energy beam from the optical reference source. The angle sensors are operable to be biased to positional settings associated with a desired pointing direction of the energy beam. A secondary optical element is arranged in the optical path and translated along three orthogonal axes. A plurality of steering mirrors arranged between the optical reference source and the secondary optical element is configured to be tilted in response to a control signal. A controller auto-aligns the telescope by at least translating the secondary optical element and tilting the steering mirrors via the control signal using at least inputs from the plurality of angle sensors.
摘要翻译： 具有主光学元件的离轴望远镜，其被配置为反射来自沿着光路发射能量束的光学参考源的能量束。 望远镜包括设置在主光学元件的周边上的角度传感器，以确定来自光学参考源的能量束的角运动。 角度传感器可操作地偏置到与能量束的期望指向方向相关联的位置设置。 二次光学元件布置在光路中并沿三个正交轴平移。 布置在光学参考源和次级光学元件之间的多个转向镜被配置为响应于控制信号而倾斜。 控制器通过使用至少来自多个角度传感器的输入的至少平移辅助光学元件并经由控制信号倾斜转向镜来自动对准望远镜。
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公开(公告)号：US06934591B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-23
申请号：US10152662
申请日：2002-05-20
申请人： Peter V. Messina
发明人： Peter V. Messina
摘要： A control system (102) operates within a dynamic range, and a follow-up system (104) is commanded to reduce a positional error between the follow-up system and the control system when the dynamic range is exceeded. A linear follow-up command may be initially provided once a dead band value (208) is exceeded. The follow-up system (104) is driven relative to its base mount (103) in a direction to reduce the positional error to within a null value range (214). The follow-up command may also implement a decay function to control the follow-up system (104). A control variable transfer function may also be utilized to gradually subtract the dead band value from the follow-up system position error command as a function of time. The decaying function may include linear as well as non-linear decaying functions. In one embodiment, a figure eight-type hysteresis control function may be implemented to control the inertial position of an inertial element. The various embodiments of the present invention may be suitable for space-based laser designating and targeting systems, space-based camera-positioning systems, space-based telescopes, and radar antenna positioning systems.
摘要翻译： 控制系统（102）在动态范围内操作，并且当超出动态范围时，命令后续系统（104）减小后续系统和控制系统之间的位置误差。 一旦超过死区值（208），可以最初提供线性跟踪命令。 跟随系统（104）相对于其基座（103）沿着将位置误差减小到零值范围（214）的方向被驱动。 后续命令还可以实现衰减功能来控制后续系统（104）。 还可以使用控制变量传递函数来逐渐从后续系统位置误差命令中减去死区值作为时间的函数。 衰减函数可以包括线性以及非线性衰减函数。 在一个实施例中，可以实现图形八型滞后控制功能以控制惯性元件的惯性位置。 本发明的各种实施例可适用于基于空间的激光指示和瞄准系统，基于空间的相机定位系统，基于天基的望远镜和雷达天线定位系统。
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5.发明授权System for pseudo on-gimbal, automatic line-of-sight alignment and stabilization of off-gimbal electro-optical passive and active sensors 有权用于伪万向节，自动视线对准和稳定非万用节电光无源和有源传感器的系统
公开(公告)号：US6020955A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US152952
申请日：1998-09-14
申请人： Peter V. Messina
发明人： Peter V. Messina
CPC分类号： F41G3/326
摘要： A system that automatically aligns and stabilizes off-gimbal electro-optical passive and active sensors of an electro-optical system. The alignment and stabilization system dynamically boresights and aligns one or more sensor input beams and an output beam of a laser using automatic closed loop feedback, a reference detector and stabilization mirror disposed on a gimbal, off-gimbal optical-reference sources and two alignment mirrors. Aligning the one or more sensors and laser to the on-gimbal reference detector is equivalent to having the sensors and laser mounted on the stabilized gimbal with the stabilization mirror providing a common optical path for enhanced stabilization of both the sensor and laser lines of sight.
摘要翻译： 自动对准和稳定电光系统的非光电无源和有源传感器的系统。 对准和稳定系统使用自动闭环反馈动态地对齐一个或多个传感器输入光束和激光的输出光束，将参考检测器和稳定镜设置在万向节，非万用光学参考源和两个对准反射镜 。 将一个或多个传感器和激光对准到万向节参考探测器等效于将传感器和激光器安装在稳定的万向节上，稳定镜提供用于增强传感器和激光视线稳定性的公共光路。
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6.发明授权Integrated system for line-of-sight stabilization and auto-alignment of off-gimbal passive and active electro-optical sensors 有权用于视线稳定和自动对准万向节无源和有源电光传感器的集成系统公开(公告)号：US06288381B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-11
申请号：US09383711
申请日：1999-08-26
申请人： Peter V. Messina
发明人： Peter V. Messina
IPC分类号： G01B1126
CPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01C21/18 , G02B27/644
摘要： An alignment and stabilization system that automatically aligns and stabilizes off-gimbal electro-optical passive and active sensors. The system dynamically boresights and aligns one or more sensor input beams and an output beam of a laser using automatic closed loop feedback. The system includes a reference light (photo) detector, or reference source, disposed on a gimbal, off-gimbal optical-reference sources, or corresonding photodetectors, and two alignment mirrors. Aligning the one or more sensors and laser to the dynamically steered null of the on-gimbal reference photodetector (or reference source) is equivalent to having the sensors and laser mounted on the stabilized gimbal with alignment mirrors providing a common optical path for enhanced stabilization of the sensors and laser lines of sight.
摘要翻译： 对准和稳定系统，自动对准和稳定非光电无源和有源传感器。 系统使用自动闭环反馈动态地对齐一个或多个传感器输入光束和激光输出光束。 该系统包括设置在万向节，非万用光学参考源或相关光电探测器和两个对准反射镜的参考光（光）检测器或参考源。 将一个或多个传感器和激光器对准在万向节参考光电检测器（或参考源）的动态转向零点等效于将传感器和激光器安装在具有对准反射镜的稳定万向节上，该对准反射镜提供用于增强稳定性 传感器和激光视线。
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公开(公告)号：US5672866A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-30
申请号：US618647
申请日：1996-03-19
申请人： Peter V. Messina
发明人： Peter V. Messina
CPC分类号： G01C11/02
摘要： An autocalibration system is provided for a back-scanning, gimbal-mounted step and stare imaging system. The step and stare imaging system effects step and stare performance even though the gimbal mounted platform upon which the system telescope is mounted rotates at a constant rate. The autocalibration system calibrates the system's static line of sight positioning and the system's rotational, or angular rate line of sight positioning.
摘要翻译： 提供自动校准系统，用于后扫描，万向节安装步骤和凝视成像系统。 即使安装了系统望远镜的万向架安装平台以恒定的速度旋转，步骤和凝视成像系统也会影响步骤和凝视性能。 自动校准系统校准系统的静态视线定位和系统的旋转或角速度视线定位。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06792369B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US10215578
申请日：2002-08-09
申请人： Peter V. Messina
发明人： Peter V. Messina
IPC分类号： G01C1738
CPC分类号： G01B11/272
摘要： A system (10, 12, 34) for calibrating an apparatus (10) for aligning components (20) relative to a desired line of sight. The system includes a first mechanism (70) for generating a command designed to move a line-of-sight of one of the components (20) to a first position, the line-of-sight moving to a second position in response thereto. A second mechanism (36, 38, 74, 78) automatically compensates for a variation between the first position and the second position via a scale factor (78).
摘要翻译： 一种用于校准装置（10）的系统（10,12,34），用于相对于期望视线对准部件（20）。 该系统包括用于产生设计成将部件（20）中的一个的视线移动到第一位置的命令的第一机构（70），视线响应于此移动到第二位置。 第二机构（36,38,74,78）经由比例因子（78）自动地补偿第一位置和第二位置之间的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US5416319A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-16
申请号：US161383
申请日：1993-12-03
申请人： Peter V. Messina
发明人： Peter V. Messina
CPC分类号： F41G7/2253 , F41G7/2213 , F41G7/2293 , G01S7/4817 , G02B26/10 , G02B7/1821
摘要： An optical scanning system (20, 20A-F), suitable for scanning a beam (26, 26A) emanating from a source (68) of light or for directing a beam towards a detector (62) of light, employs two independently rotatable wedge-shaped mirrors (M1, M2) wherein a reflecting surface (54,58) of each wedge mirror is inclined relative to a central axis (38) of the scanner. A main one of the wedge mirrors (M1) is centrally located about the central axis and an auxiliary one of the wedge mirrors (M2) is located on the central axis facing the main wedge mirror in one embodiment of the invention, and is displaced from the central axis in a second embodiment of the invention. A beam of light propagating between the source or detector to the auxiliary wedge mirror may pass either through a central bore (28) of the main wedge mirror in the first embodiment of the invention, or via a bypass (112) of relay mirrors around the main wedge mirror in the second embodiment of the invention. The beam to be scanned is reflected between the two wedge mirrors with the relative orientations of the wedge mirrors, in terms of their respective angles (B1, B2) of rotation about the central axis, determine the orientation of the scanned beam. The position of the main wedge mirror relative to the bypass path may be altered along the central axis by displacement means (156, 158) for minimization of a window (96) through which a scanned beam propagates.
摘要翻译： 适于扫描从光源（68）发出或用于将光束引向光的检测器（62）的光束（26,26A）的光学扫描系统（20,20A-F）采用两个可独立旋转的楔形 （M1，M2），其中每个楔形反射镜的反射表面（54,58）相对于扫描仪的中心轴线（38）倾斜。 楔形反射镜（M1）的主要部分围绕中心轴线居中定位，并且在本发明的一个实施例中，楔形反射镜（M2）中的辅助楔形反射镜（M2）位于面向主楔形反射镜的中心轴上，并且从 在本发明的第二实施例中的中心轴线。 在源或检测器之间传播到辅助楔形反射镜的光束可以在本发明的第一实施例中通过主楔形反射镜的中心孔（28），或者经由中继镜的旁路（112）围绕 主楔形镜在本发明的第二实施例中。 要扫描的光束在两个楔形反射镜之间被反射，其楔形反射镜的相对取向就其围绕中心轴线的各自的旋转角度（B1，B2）决定扫描光束的取向。 主楔形镜相对于旁路路径的位置可以通过位移装置（156,158）沿中心轴线改变，以最小化扫描光束通过其传播的窗口（96）。
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