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    Systems and methods for fluid flow control in an immersion lithography system
    8.
    发明申请
    Systems and methods for fluid flow control in an immersion lithography system 失效

    公开(公告)号：US20080036985A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-02-14

    申请号：US11502729

    申请日：2006-08-11

    申请人： Michael Clarke ,  Robert F. McLoughlin ,  Marc Laverdiere

    发明人： Michael Clarke ,  Robert F. McLoughlin ,  Marc Laverdiere

    IPC分类号： G03B27/42

    CPC分类号： G03B27/42 ,  G03F7/70341

    摘要： Systems and methods for controlling fluid flow in an immersion lithography system. The system includes a fluid flow path that allows fluid to flow from a source through a fluid retention hood and then a fluid control valve. The system includes a pressure sensing system for determining a pressure drop across the fluid retention hood. The pressure drop across the fluid retention hood changes with the fluid flow rate. A control system receives signals indicating the pressure drop across the fluid retention hood and produces control signals for the fluid control valve. The control signals adjust the fluid flow rate through the fluid control valve to drive the flow rate to a desired rate, thereby driving the sensed pressure drop across the fluid retention hood to a desired pressure drop.

    Isolation and use of solid tumor stem cells
    9.
    发明申请
    Isolation and use of solid tumor stem cells 有权
    实体肿瘤干细胞的分离和使用

    公开(公告)号：US20070190647A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-08-16

    申请号：US11529869

    申请日：2006-09-29

    申请人： Michael Clarke ,  Sean Morrison ,  Max Wicha ,  Muhammad Al-Haaj

    发明人： Michael Clarke ,  Sean Morrison ,  Max Wicha ,  Muhammad Al-Haaj

    IPC分类号： C12N5/06 ,  C12N5/08

    CPC分类号： C12N5/0695 ,  A01K67/0271 ,  A61K39/39558 ,  A61K2039/505 ,  A61K2039/5152 ,  A61K2039/5158 ,  C07K14/705 ,  C07K14/70585 ,  C07K14/71 ,  C07K16/28 ,  C07K16/2863 ,  C07K16/30 ,  C12N2501/42 ,  C12N2503/00 ,  C12N2503/02 ,  C12Q1/6886 ,  G01N33/5011 ,  G01N33/57492

    摘要： A small percentage of cells within an established solid tumor have the properties of stem cells. These solid tumor stem cells give rise both to more tumor stem cells and to the majority of cells in the tumor that have lost the capacity for extensive proliferation and the ability to give rise to new tumors. Thus, solid tumor heterogeneity reflects the presence of tumor cell progeny arising from a solid tumor stem cell. We have developed a xenograft model in which we have been able to establish tumors from primary tumors via injection of tumors in the mammary gland of severely immunodeficient mice. These xenograft assay have allowed us to do biological and molecular assays to characterize clonogenic solid tumor stem cells. We have also developed evidence that strongly implicates the Notch pathway, especially Notch 4, as playing a central pathway in carcinogenesis.

    摘要翻译： 建立的实体瘤内的一小部分细胞具有干细胞的特性。 这些实体肿瘤干细胞产生更多的肿瘤干细胞和肿瘤中大部分已经失去广泛增殖能力的细胞和产生新肿瘤的能力。 因此，实体肿瘤异质性反映了由固体肿瘤干细胞产生的肿瘤细胞后代的存在。 我们已经开发了异种移植模型，其中我们已经能够通过在严重免疫缺陷小鼠的乳腺中注射肿瘤从原发肿瘤中建立肿瘤。 这些异种移植物测定使我们能够进行生物学和分子测定来表征克隆型实体瘤干细胞。 我们还发现证据强烈地暗示Notch途径，特别是Notch 4，作为致癌过程的中心途径。

    Liquid filtration device
    10.
    发明申请
    Liquid filtration device 失效
    液体过滤装置

    公开(公告)号：US20070107601A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-05-17

    申请号：US11591283

    申请日：2006-11-01

    申请人： Marc Laverdiere ,  Michael Clarke

    发明人： Marc Laverdiere ,  Michael Clarke

    IPC分类号： B01D19/00

    CPC分类号： B01D65/00 ,  B01D19/0031 ,  B01D19/0042 ,  B01D29/15 ,  B01D29/902 ,  B01D36/001 ,  B01D61/20 ,  B01D63/02 ,  B01D63/067 ,  B01D63/10 ,  B01D2201/302 ,  B01D2313/08 ,  B01D2313/16

    摘要： The present invention provides a liquid filtration device with internal flow paths that facilitate the purging of air bubbles from the device. The device includes internal channels that collect bubbles from fluid entering the filtration device and more efficiently direct fluid to sweep bubbles from the device during operation. The present invention also provides for an automatic means to minimize fluid loss during a vent process.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种液体过滤装置，其具有便于从装置吹扫气泡的内部流动路径。 该装置包括内部通道，其从进入过滤装置的流体中收集气泡，并且在操作期间更有效地引导流体从装置中吹扫气泡。 本发明还提供了一种在排气过程中使流体损失最小化的自动装置。