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公开(公告)号：US3090836A
公开(公告)日：1963-05-21
申请号：US77033458
申请日：1958-10-29
Applicant: INT STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP
Inventor： WINCENTY BEZDEL
Abstract: 957,198. Automatic exchange systems; magnetic storage matrices. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Aug. 2, 1960, No. 26748/60. Headings H3B and H4K. Separate magnetic matrices are used as meter stores, Fig. 1, and as class-of-service stores, Fig. 2, for a group of 200 lines, the two stores being operated by separate pulses transmitted over leads P1 to P200 individual to the lines and common to the two stores. Time position T1, T2 and T3, T4 (Fig. 4) are allotted respectively to the class of service store and to the meter store, the time position being marked in the appropriate stores by half-write drive pulses which, unaided, cannot switch a core. A core is switched by a bias pulse, slightly longer than a drive pulse. Class-of-service indicator, Fig. 2.-Each classof-service is represented by one or more columns of cores. Lead P1 from line 1 is linked with two cores indicating that it is a call box (CB) and has a barred trunk restriction (BT). When a free register is seized by line 1, it transmits bias pulses T1, T2 of opposite polarity in succession over P1 and the two cores are switched and restored. Amplified output signals on leads CB1, BT1 act through OR gates to switch toggles CB, BT. The toggles transmit the signals to the register and are restored by a reset pulse as shown. If the registers operate one at a time, no special arrangements are necessary to steer the signal to the correct register. Meter store, Figs. 1 and 3.-Each of the leads P1 to P200 is linked with a column of six cores capable of storing up to 63 units in binary rotation. When a call has matured, the number of bias pulse pairs T3, T4 received signifies the charge. The first bias pulse T3 sets all the cores R1 to R6 to " 0 " and transfers the number n stored therein to an auxiliary store, Fig. 3, comprising toggles TG1 to TG6. The ADD pulse increases the number stored by 1 and the T4 pulse biases transistors TS1 &c. to transfer the number n + 1 to the original store R1 to R6. A reset pulse restores the auxiliary store to normal. The auxiliary store may be common to a number, say 5, of meter stores. The information may be transferred from the store to a central point for automatic accounting.
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公开(公告)号：US3081448A
公开(公告)日：1963-03-12
申请号：US67022457
申请日：1957-07-05
Applicant: INT STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP
Inventor： GOODWIN WRIGHT ESMOND PHILIP , SYDNEY RIDLER DESMOND , WINCENTY BEZDEL
CPC classification number: G06F9/30 , G11C11/06007
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公开(公告)号：US3073903A
公开(公告)日：1963-01-15
申请号：US66370457
申请日：1957-06-05
Applicant: INT STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP
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公开(公告)号：US3416080A
公开(公告)日：1968-12-10
申请号：US43734965
申请日：1965-03-02
Applicant: INT STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP
Inventor： GOODWIN WRIGHT ESMOND PHILIP , WINCENTY BEZDEL
Abstract: 1,012,765. Automatic speech recognition; electric selective signalling. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. March 6, 1964, No. 9638/64. Headings G4H and G4R. [Also in Division G1] Apparatus for analyzing waveforms, e.g. for speech recognition comprises means for detecting reversals of polarity in the waveform, the periods between reversals being measured by counting pulses produced by a time scale generator. In Fig. 1, the zero-crossings of the waveform are used to obtained a succession of time periods. In Fig. 2 the points at which the waveform crosses positive and negative threshold levels are used to eliminate spurious reversals due to noise. The time scale, Fig. 3, consists of a series of pulses initially crowded together but becoming more widely spaced. This enables the same degree of accuracy to be obtained for short or long periods. The alternate positive and negative periods are arranged to pass pulses to separate counters. Over a given interval the number of periods of the same length, i.e. producing the same count, is counted in a threshold counter which gives an output if the threshold is exceeded. The outputs of these channel counters is an analysis of the input waveform and may be used to recognize the components of the input word signal. In the system of Fig. 8, the speech input is normalized at 87 and then separated into components as follows: circuit 88 indicates whether the sound is voiced or not; circuits 89 and 90 extract the first and second formants; circuit 91 extracts the fundamental frequency; circuits 92, 93 extract frequency groups associated with unvoiced sounds and circuit 94 extracts a consonant signal. In addition a threshold circuit 95 indicates the presence of a speech signal and circuit 96 indicates, from this, that the word has ended. The fundamental frequency is used in circuit 99 to provide control signals for the measuring process described above and also segmentation signals which serve to sample the measurements obtained at appropriate instants. Circuit 97 analyses the voiced sounds (vowels) using the first formant and the second if necessary. Circuit 98 analyses the corresponding unvoiced sounds. Both these circuits use the counting system described above. The vowel, for example, appearing as a series of short " part vowels " which are counted and stored, being read out when a predetermined count is reached to phoneme recognition circuit 100. This circuit, which also receives signals from circuits 88 and 94, consists of an array of resistors, Fig. 10, between vertical lines connected to the part vowel stores D1, D2 &c. and horizontal lines connected to a threshold comparator. One of the horizontal lines will receive a higher signal and this will identify the sound. Successive phonemes pass to circuit 101 to identify the word when the end of word signal appears from circuit 96.
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