公开(公告)号：US5210590A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-11

申请号：US836403

申请日：1992-02-18

Applicant: Isaac J. Landa ,  Michael M. Anthony

Inventor： Isaac J. Landa ,  Michael M. Anthony

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0294 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01J2003/2873 ,  G01N21/8507

Abstract: An fixed grating, detector-array type analyzer rapidly multiplexes multiple channels. The analyzer comprises a light source, a detector array-type spectrograph, and an optical multiplexer. The multiplexer can select from one of a plurality of channels. Further, the multiplexer can convolute light passing through it with a reference spectrum for calibration and wavelength drift compensation. Rapid multiplexing is achieved using a fiber optic slit array which "perpendicularly multiplexes" the plurality of channels.

Abstract translation: 固定光栅，检测器阵列型分析仪快速复用多个通道。 分析仪包括光源，检测器阵列型光谱仪和光复用器。 多路复用器可以从多个信道之一进行选择。 此外，多路复用器可以将通过它的光与用于校准和波长漂移补偿的参考光谱进行卷积。 使用“垂直多路复用”多个通道的光纤狭缝阵列来实现快速复用。

公开(公告)号：US4264205A

公开(公告)日：1981-04-28

申请号：US940360

申请日：1978-09-07

Applicant: Isaac J. Landa

Inventor： Isaac J. Landa

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/024 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/2889 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01J2003/1273 ,  G01J2003/2853 ,  G01J3/1838

Abstract: An improved optical system is disclosed for rapid, accurate spectral analysis of the reflectivity or transmissivity of samples. A concave holographic diffraction grating oscillated at high speed is utilized to provide a rapid scanning of monochromatic light through a spectrum of wavelengths. The grating is positively driven at very high speed. The rapid scan by the grating enables the reduction of noise error by averaging over a large number of cycles. It also reduces the measurement time and thus prevents sample heating by excessive exposure to light energy. A filter wheel having opaque segments is rotated in the optical path and is synchronous with the grating. The filter wheel is divided into two arcuate segments separated by the opaque segments arranged approximately 180 degrees apart. One arcuate segment of the wheel transmits only first order light. The other arcuate segment transmits only second order light. Separate photodetectors are employed during infrared analysis of samples for detecting first order and second order wavelength transmissions and an electronic decoder apparatus is utilized for switching between detectors.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的光学系统，用于对样品的反射率或透射率进行快速，准确的光谱分析。 利用以高速振荡的凹面全息衍射光栅，通过一系列波长快速扫描单色光。 光栅以非常高的速度被正向驱动。 光栅的快速扫描使得能够通过大量循环的平均来减少噪声误差。 它还减少测量时间，从而防止过度暴露于光能的样品加热。 具有不透明段的滤光轮在光路中旋转并与光栅同步。 过滤轮被分成两个弧形段，这些弧段由分开大约180度的不透明段分开。 车轮的一个弧形段仅传送一级光。 另一个弧形段仅传送二阶光。 在用于检测一阶和二阶波长传输的样本的红外分析期间采用单独的光电检测器，并且使用电子解码器装置在检测器之间切换。

公开(公告)号：US4540282A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-10

申请号：US477634

申请日：1983-03-21

Applicant: Isaac J. Landa ,  Ronald Shideler

Inventor： Isaac J. Landa ,  Ronald Shideler

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01J3/2889

Abstract: An electro-optical system for rapid, accurate spectral analysis of the reflectivity or transmissivity of samples. A concave, holographic diffraction grating is oscillated at high speed to provide a rapid scanning of monochromatic light through a spectrum of wavelengths. The grating drive system is an electrically driven mechanical oscillator which utilizes the back EMF of the oscillator motor to maintain oscillation at the desired amplitude and frequency. A passive optical shutter mounted to the grating alternately blocks the light entering and exiting the monochrometer as the grating is oscillated. The resultant dark period is utilized by the system to provide a reference offset value and to control cooling of the detectors. A unique phase-locked loop circuit is employed to provide sample commands at precisely determined intervals to correctly correlate the spectral data with the output of the monochrometer. Source and exit optics are employed to optimally shape the light passing through the system. A unique detection head is provided to allow measurement of light transmission or reflectance with only slight modification of the system. An optical fiber is used to divert light from the beam at or near the sample. This light is electronically detected and the electronic detection signal is used to adjust the gain of the sample signal so as to compensate for atmospheric bands, temporal variations, and system response. This provides a true double (dual) beam operation.

Abstract translation: 一种用于对样品的反射率或透射率进行快速，准确的光谱分析的电光系统。 凹入的全息衍射光栅以高速振荡，以提供通过一系列波长的单色光的快速扫描。 光栅驱动系统是电驱动的机械振荡器，其利用振荡器电动机的反电动势将振荡保持在期望的幅度和频率。 安装到光栅的无源光学快门在光栅振荡时交替地阻挡进入和离开单色仪的光。 所产生的暗周期被系统利用以提供参考偏移值并且控制检测器的冷却。 采用独特的锁相环电路以精确确定的间隔提供采样命令，以使光谱数据与单色仪的输出正确相关。 采用光源和出射光学器件来最佳地对穿过系统的光进行成形。 提供独特的检测头以允许仅对系统进行轻微修改来测量光透射或反射。 使用光纤来从样品中或附近的光束转移光线。 该光被电子检测，电子检测信号用于调整采样信号的增益，以补偿大气带，时间变化和系统响应。 这提供了一个真正的双（双）光束操作。

公开(公告)号：US4626684A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-02

申请号：US513307

申请日：1983-07-13

Applicant: Isaac J. Landa

Inventor： Isaac J. Landa

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01T1/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/6452 ,  G01J3/1833 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6476 ,  G01N2201/0446

Abstract: An apparatus uses a rapid and efficient method for conducting fluorescence measurements, such as immuno assay, of a plurality of samples of a substance using pulsed or continuous light energy, front-end fluorescent optics, a mechanism which allows for lateral and tranverse scanning of rows and columns of wells, and spectra emission analysis of the spectra from the excited samples.

Abstract translation: 一种装置使用快速和有效的方法进行使用脉冲或连续光能的物质的多个样品的荧光测量，例如免疫测定，前端荧光光学器件，允许横向扫描和横向扫描行的机构 和列的列，以及来自激发样品的光谱的光谱发射分析。

公开(公告)号：US4285596A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-25

申请号：US825155

申请日：1977-08-16

Applicant: Isaac J. Landa

Inventor： Isaac J. Landa

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/024 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/2889 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01J2003/1273 ,  G01J2003/2853 ,  G01J3/1838

Abstract: An improved optical system is disclosed for rapid, accurate spectral analysis of the reflectivity or transmissivity of samples. A concave holographic diffraction grating oscillated at high speed is utilized to provide a rapid scanning of monochromatic light through a spectrum of wavelengths. The grating is positively driven at very high speed by a unique cam drive structure comprising identically shaped conjugate cams. The rapid scan by the grating enables the reduction of noise error by averaging over a large number of cycles. It also reduces the measurement time and thus prevents sample heating by excessive exposure to light energy. A filter wheel having dark segments for drift correction is rotated in the optical path and is synchronous with the grating. Source optics is employed to optimally shape the light source for particular applications. The system optics further includes a unique arrangement of lenses, including cylindrical lenses, to obtain the best light source shape which results in maximum light throughput. Fiber optics are also employed and arranged to meet the optimum requirements of the system for light collection and transmission through portions of the optical system.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的光学系统，用于对样品的反射率或透射率进行快速，准确的光谱分析。 利用以高速振荡的凹面全息衍射光栅，通过一系列波长快速扫描单色光。 光栅通过包括相同形状的共轭凸轮的独特的凸轮驱动结构以非常高的速度被正向驱动。 光栅的快速扫描使得能够通过大量循环的平均来减少噪声误差。 它还减少测量时间，从而防止过度暴露于光能的样品加热。 具有用于漂移校正的暗段的滤光轮在光路中旋转并与光栅同步。 源光学器件用于为特定应用最佳地形成光源。 系统光学器件还包括透镜的独特布置，包括柱面透镜，以获得最佳的光源形状，其导致最大光通量。 还采用并布置光纤以满足通过光学系统的部分的光收集和透射的系统的最佳要求。