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公开(公告)号：US4018282A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-19
申请号：US661661
申请日：1976-02-26
CPC分类号： E21B43/10 , E21B43/045 , E21B43/086
摘要： A perforated liner is sealed at longitudinally spaced intervals with a removable sealant. The partially sealed liner maintains sufficiently high fluid flow velocity outside the liner during gravel packing so as to prevent the formation of gravel dunes. After packing is completed, the sealant is removed permitting the passage of fluids through the liner.
摘要翻译： 多孔衬垫以可拆卸的密封剂以纵向间隔的间隔密封。 在砾石充填期间，部分密封的衬里保持足够高的流体流动速度，以防止形成砾石沙丘。 包装完成后，去除密封剂，允许流体通过衬套。
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公开(公告)号：US4046198A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-06
申请号：US661662
申请日：1976-02-26
CPC分类号： E21B43/086 , E21B43/045
摘要： The annular passage defined by the interior of a perforated liner and the exterior of a stinger pipe extending through the liner is substantially restricted so that the resistance to flow in the annular passage is increased sufficiently to maintain high fluid flow velocity outside the liner during gravel packing. The increased flow velocity prevents the premature settling of gravel and stabilizes the formation of gravel dunes in the wellbore annulus, thereby significantly increasing gravel packing efficiency in inclined wells. The proper flow restriction can be obtained using a wide diameter stinger pipe.
摘要翻译： 由穿孔衬套的内部限定的环形通道和延伸穿过衬套的托管管的外部基本上受到限制，使得环形通道中的流动阻力充分增加，以在砾石填充期间保持衬套外部的高流体流动速度 。 增加的流速防止了砾石的过早沉降，并稳定了井筒环中砾石沙丘的形成，从而显着提高了倾斜井的砾石填充效率。 可以使用宽直径的刺针管获得适当的流动限制。
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公开(公告)号：US4167117A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-11
申请号：US922909
申请日：1978-07-10
CPC分类号： G01N1/2035 , G01N2001/2064 , G01N2001/225
摘要： A method and apparatus for sampling the composition of fluid flowing through a conduit which includes a sampling conduit having an inlet disposed within said conduit and transverse to the axis of fluid flow in said conduit and an outlet connected to said conduit downstream of said inlet, and means for measuring the composition of fluid flowing through the sampling conduit. The sampling conduit is sized in relation to the conduit to cause isokinetic withdrawal of fluid from said conduit into said sampling conduit.
摘要翻译： 一种用于对流过导管的流体的组成进行采样的方法和装置，其包括采样导管，所述采样导管设置在所述导管内并与所述导管中的流体轴线横向并且与所述入口下游的所述导管连接的出口， 用于测量流过取样导管的流体组成的装置。 取样导管的尺寸相对于管道导致流体从所述导管的等动力取出到所述取样导管中。
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公开(公告)号：US4046197A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-06
申请号：US682008
申请日：1976-05-03
CPC分类号： E21B43/04 , C09K8/08 , C09K8/16 , Y10S507/925
摘要： A well completion and workover method wherein a subterranean formation is contacted with a high density, nondamaging treating fluid which comprises a saturated, aqueous solution having finely divided particles of a water soluble salt suspended therein. The saturated aqueous saline solution should have a density of at least about 1.2 g/cc and the suspended salt particles should be present in sufficient quantities to substantially increase the overall density of the treating solution. The preferred fluid comprises a suspension of pulverized sodium chloride in a saturated calcium chloride solution. Dispersants and viscosifiers can be added in minor amounts to help maintain the salt particles in suspension.
摘要翻译： 一种完井和修井方法，其中地下地层与高密度非沉降处理流体接触，该处理流体包含其中悬浮有水溶性盐的细碎颗粒的饱和水溶液。 饱和盐水溶液应具有至少约1.2g / cc的密度，并且悬浮盐颗粒应以足够的量存在以显着提高处理溶液的总体密度。 优选的流体包括粉碎的氯化钠在饱和氯化钙溶液中的悬浮液。 可以少量加入分散剂和增粘剂以帮助保持盐颗粒悬浮。
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公开(公告)号：US4139060A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-13
申请号：US850879
申请日：1977-11-14
IPC分类号： E21B33/13 , E21B33/138 , E21B43/25 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/27
CPC分类号： E21B43/261 , E21B33/138
摘要： A method is described for using ball sealers as a diverting agent when treating a subterranean formation penetrated by a well provided with casing having perforations at a plurality of levels. Ball sealers sized to plug a perforation, a first fluid having a density greater than the ball sealers and a second fluid less dense than the ball sealers are introduced into the casing concurrently or in any order. The amount of the first fluid introduced should be sufficient to fill the lower portion of the casing to a level between the lower perforations to be plugged and the upper perforations to be left open to fluid flow. Once the ball sealers are disposed below the upper perforations, treating fluid is injected into the casing to cause a flow of the second fluid through the lower perforations to carry the ball sealers down the casing to plug the lower perforations and to cause fluid flow through the upper perforation which the ball sealers did not plug.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于在处理由具有多个水平的穿孔的套管的井穿透的地下地层时，使用球形密封剂作为转移剂的方法。 球形密封件尺寸适于堵塞穿孔，具有大于球密封件的密度的第一流体和比球密封件密度更小的第二流体同时或以任何顺序被引入到壳体中。 引入的第一流体的量应该足以将壳体的下部填充到待堵塞的下穿孔之间的水平面和要打开的上穿孔以达到流体流动。 一旦将球形密封件设置在上部穿孔的下方，将处理流体注入到壳体中，以使第二流体通过下部穿孔流动，以将球形密封剂运送到壳体下方以堵塞下部穿孔并使流体流过 球形密封件未插入的上部穿孔。
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公开(公告)号：US4359391A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-16
申请号：US83009
申请日：1979-10-09
CPC分类号： C09K8/92 , C09K8/36 , C09K8/502 , C09K8/72 , Y10S507/933
摘要： In a method of treating a subterranean formation, a well treatment composition comprising a dispersion of a water-in-oil emulsion in an aqueous medium is injected into the formation. The water-in-oil emulsion has an internal aqueous phase and an external phase containing a liquid hydrocarbon and a surfactant soluble in the hydrocarbon. The compositions can be designed to perform various well treatment applications including hydraulic fracturing and acidizing and can also be used to encapsulate or to transport well treatment materials and chemicals into the wellbore or formation. Treatment methods may also employ dispersions of a reactive simple or multiple emulsion. The distinct phases of the compositions may be selected to form treatment solutions upon mixing. Thus, improved acidizing may be achieved through an in situ reaction format.
摘要翻译： 在处理地层的方法中，将包含油包水乳液在水性介质中的分散体的井处理组合物注入到地层中。 油包水乳液具有内部水相和含有液体烃和可溶于烃的表面活性剂的外相。 组合物可以设计成执行各种井下处理应用，包括水力压裂和酸化，并且还可以用于将井处理材料和化学物质包封或输送到井筒或地层中。 处理方法还可以使用反应性简单或多重乳液的分散体。 可以选择组合物的不同阶段以在混合时形成处理溶液。 因此，可以通过原位反应形式实现改进的酸化。
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公开(公告)号：US4233165A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-11
申请号：US909139
申请日：1978-05-24
CPC分类号： C09K8/92 , C09K8/50 , C09K8/74 , Y10S507/902 , Y10S507/922 , Y10S507/933 , Y10S507/937
摘要： A method of treating a subterranean formation wherein a well treatment composition comprising a dispersion of a water-in-oil emulsion in an aqueous medium is injected into the formation. The water-in-oil emulsion has an internal aqueous phase and an external phase containing a liquid hydrocarbon and a surfactant soluble in the hydrocarbon. The compositions can be designed to perform various well treatment applications including hydraulic fracturing and acidizing and can also be used to encapsulate or transport well treatment materials and chemicals into the wellbore or formation.
摘要翻译： 一种处理地下地层的方法，其中将包含油包水乳液在水性介质中的分散体的井处理组合物注入到地层中。 油包水乳液具有内部水相和含有液体烃和可溶于烃的表面活性剂的外相。 该组合物可被设计成执行各种井下处理应用，包括水力压裂和酸化，并且还可用于将井处理材料和化学物质包封或运输到井筒或地层中。
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公开(公告)号：US3998271A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-21
申请号：US627738
申请日：1975-10-31
IPC分类号： F23D14/22 , C09K8/62 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/267 , F23G7/06
CPC分类号： C09K8/62 , E21B43/261 , E21B43/267
摘要： A method of fracturing subterranean formations wherein a formation is fractured and propped two or more times to increase the width of the propped fracture.
摘要翻译： 一种断裂地下地层的方法，其中地层断裂并支撑两次或更多次以增加支撑断裂的宽度。
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公开(公告)号：US4160482A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-10
申请号：US914649
申请日：1978-06-12
IPC分类号： E21B33/068 , E21B33/138 , E21B43/25 , E21B43/26 , E21B33/13 , E21B43/27
CPC分类号： E21B43/25 , E21B33/068 , E21B33/138 , E21B43/261
摘要： A method for sequential treatment of formation strats when treating fluid is pumped into a well at a matrix rate by temporarily closing perforations in the well casing. The perforations are closed by ball sealers injected into the wall during the treatment. The ball sealers are sized to plug the perforations and have a density less than the density of the treating fluid. The treating fluid is injected at a rate which transports the ball sealers to the perforations but which is sufficiently low to prevent formation fracture.
摘要翻译： 通过临时封闭井套管中的穿孔，将处理流体时的地层层序的顺序处理方法以矩阵速率泵入孔中。 在处理过程中，穿孔被注入墙壁的球形密封剂封闭。 球密封件的尺寸适于堵塞穿孔并具有小于处理液密度的密度。 处理流体以将球封闭器输送到穿孔但是足够低以防止地层断裂的速率被注入。
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