摘要:
In one embodiment, a method comprises storing parameters that are related to switch error correction terms of a vector network analyzer (VNA), and applying a calibration process of a TRL group of calibration processes to the VNA to generate calibration measurements, wherein the calibration process generates calibration measurements, calculates a switch error correction matrix using the stored parameters and a subset of the calibration measurements, and applies the switch error correction matrix to calibration measurements before solving for eight-systematic error terms associated with the calibration process.
摘要:
A Vector Network Analyzer is equipped with receivers for measuring a1, b1, a2 and b2 and which can each be tuned to track either the RF signal (F1) applied to the FTD or to the IF (F2) produced by the FTD. Additional forward side and reverse side mixers are provided and are driven by the auxiliary LO for the FTD. The additional mixers can be located in the RF/IF path, such that there is a sequential double conversion of the RF/IF: one by the auxiliary LO followed by another conversion of those results by the main LO. The additional mixers could also be located it the LO path, such that the main LO is first converted to an image involving the auxiliary LO, and the RF/IF is then subsequently converted using that image as an ‘artificial’ LO. During a forward direction measurement of an FTD, the applied RF signal (F1) is converted to the IF with the additional forward side mixers that feeds the receivers for a1 and b1. This references the forward measurements to F2 and allows the FTD's input reflection and forward conversion magnitude and phase to be determined. A companion reverse direction measurement is to set the swept RF source to F2 of the FTD's output. The additional reverse side mixers convert F2 back to F1 so that receivers for a2 and b2 are at the same frequency at the FTD's input port. This references the reverse measurements to F1. The FTD's output reflection and reverse conversion magnitude and phase can be determined.
摘要:
In one embodiment, a vector network analyzer (VNA) comprises a plurality of ports for coupling to a device under test (DUT), at least one reference receiver for measuring signals associated with the DUT, and logic for processing measurement data from the at least one reference receiver to compensate for transmission line effects, wherein the logic for processing evaluates a function, of several controllable variables, that is a sum of multiple transmission line models, wherein each of the controllable variables is related to a respective transmission line length associated with a corresponding transmission line model.
摘要:
Noise power is measured within one or more designated frequency bands of an applied signal. The measurement includes frequency translating the applied signal by a set of equally spaced frequencies to form a corresponding set of intermediate frequency signals, measuring the noise in at least two measurement bands of each of the intermediate frequency signals that are separated by the frequency spacing of the equally spaced frequencies, and determining the noise power in the designated frequency band of the applied signal based on the noise measurements.
摘要:
Calibration is performed for the testing of a device under test. A first port of the device under test is connected to a port of a calibration module. A second port of the device under test is connected to a first port of a device tester. A third port of the device under test is connected to a second port of a device tester. The device tester performs measurements by the device tester to obtain calibration parameters. In response to commands from the device tester, the calibration module changes termination values at the port of the calibration module. The changing of the termination values is performed without physical disconnection of the port of the calibration module from the first port of the device under test.
摘要:
A perfuming composition capable of prolonging the release of a perfuming component into the surrounding environment when applied on a body surface. The composition includes isocetyl alcohol as a fragrance evaporation modulator in the presence of high amounts of ethanol. Also, consumer articles containing such compositions and methods for the perfuming of a body surface and for increasing the long-lastingness of a perfuming component using these compositions.
摘要:
The present invention provides compositions and clear oil-in-water microemulsion containing up to 80% w/w of an oil, a surfactant system, a w/w oil/surfactant system ratio between 1 and 3, and a solubilizing-aid ingredient which is not a surfactant neither a VOC compound, the latter being present in an amount sufficient to ensure that the ratio oil/(surfactant+solubilizing-aid) is between 0.1 and 5. The present invention concerns also the articles and products associated with such compositions and microemulsions, and the methods to manufacture them.
摘要:
A vehicle 2 has (1) a substantially rectilinear passenger compartment with front, rear, side, top and bottom surfaces plus seats, and (2) an audiovisual system 1 with at least one aperture for receiving media and a screen for showing video, The audiovisual system 1—preferably a Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) player—has both a base portion 11 and a hat portion 12, each of which portions 11, 12 is substantially rectilinear and rectangular, The base portion 11 mounts upon one of its major surfaces to any suitable front, rear, side, top or bottom surface of the passenger compartment so that its aperture for receiving media 121 faces to the front, rear, left, right, up or down, all as is desired and permitted by the mounting, Meanwhile, the hat portion 12 of the audiovisual system 1 mounts upon one of its major surfaces to the remaining major surface of the base portion 11 at a selected 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree or 270 degree angular orientation relative thereto so that the screen 131 may face towards any of the front, rear, left side, right side, top or bottom of the passenger compartment, all is desired and permitted. Accordingly, both the spatial orientation of (1) the aperture of the audiovisual system 1 for receiving media 121, and also (2) the screen 131, are independently selected nonetheless to the particular front, rear, side, top or bottom surface of the passenger compartment of the vehicle to which the audiovisual system 1 is mounted.
摘要:
A foldable structure is a singular structure that includes first and second flexible, foldable panels that are pivotally connected to each other along adjacent edge portions. One or more support panels pivotally connects to one of the flexible, foldable panels and removably connects to the other flexible foldable panel. When in an unfolded position, the foldable structure may comprise any of a variety of structures such as, for example, soccer goals, sports goals, basketball hoops, tents, etc. The flexible, foldable panels comprise flexible, foldable, continuous members covered by fabric covers that are sewn together to form the pivotal connections.
摘要:
An electrolytic capacitor with an electrically conductive housing defining a chamber and defining a feed-through aperture providing communication between the interior and exterior of the housing. A number of conductive layers are positioned within the chamber. A feed-through conductor has a first end connected to the layers, an intermediate portion passing through the feed-through aperture, and an elongated external portion extending externally from the housing and terminating at a free end. An insulative sleeve has a first portion closely received within the feed-through aperture and closely receiving the intermediate portion of the feed-through member and has a second elongated portion extending externally from the housing and closely receiving at least a portion of the external portion of the conductor element, so that only a remaining portion of the conductor element is exposed, and is spaced apart from the housing by the length of the second elongated portion.