摘要:
A method for operating an internal combustion engine, injects fuel directly into a combustion chamber as a main injection, a postinjection and optionally also as a preinjection. An injection nozzle with a plurality of injection bores effects the preinjection and the postinjection preferably which is carried out cyclically. To minimize wetting of the combustion chamber walls, during the postinjection the partial quantities of fuel and a lift of the nozzle needle of the injection nozzle are set so that, for each partial quantity of the postinjection injected into the combustion chamber, the reach of the respective fuel jet in the combustion chamber is limited and the reach is less than the distance to a combustion chamber boundary.
摘要:
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection device with an injection nozzle having a nozzle needle and a plurality of injection bores. The injection nozzle is arranged to inject fuel into the combustion space in the form of a plurality of fuel jets as a main injection, as a post-injection and/or a preinjection. The injection bores of the injection nozzle are arranged in at least two different separately activatable rows of holes, an operating stroke of the nozzle needle being set by control unit as a function of a piston position and/or an operating point of the engine, and the rows of holes of the injection nozzle different injection-hole cone angles.
摘要:
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection device with an injection nozzle having a nozzle needle and a plurality of injection bores. The injection nozzle is arranged to inject fuel into the combustion space in the form of a plurality of fuel jets as a main injection, as a post-injection and/or a preinjection. The injection bores of the injection nozzle are arranged in at least two different separately activatable rows of holes, an operating stroke of the nozzle needle being set by control unit as a function of a piston position and/or an operating point of the engine, and the rows of holes of the injection nozzle different injection-hole cone angles.
摘要:
A method for operating an internal combustion engine, injects fuel directly into a combustion chamber as a main injection, a postinjection and optionally also as a preinjection. An injection nozzle with a plurality of injection bores effects the preinjection and the postinjection preferably which is carried out cyclically. To minimize wetting of the combustion chamber walls, during the postinjection the partial quantities of fuel and a lift of the nozzle needle of the injection nozzle are set so that, for each partial quantity of the postinjection injected into the combustion chamber, the reach of the respective fuel jet in the combustion chamber is limited and the reach is less than the distance to a combustion chamber boundary.
摘要:
A method is provided for operating an internal combustion piston engine, in which fuel is injected directly into a working chamber in the form of a pre-injection and main injection by means of an injection nozzle with a plurality of injection holes. The pre-injection takes place in a clocked manner. In order to minimize the moistening of the walls of the combustion chamber, a higher fuel pressure prevails in an injection device during the main injection than during the pre-injection. Furthermore, optimum homogenization of the pre-injected quantity of fuel is obtained by restricting the range of the injected fuel jets while simultaneously maximizing the atomization of the fuel particles and reinforcing the disintegration of the fuel jets during the clocked pre-injection.
摘要:
A method is provided for operating an internal combustion piston engine, in which fuel is injected directly into a working chamber in the form of a pre-injection and main injection by means of an injection nozzle with a plurality of injection holes. The pre-injection takes place in a clocked manner. In order to minimize the moistening of the walls of the combustion chamber, a higher fuel pressure prevails in an injection device during the main injection than during the pre-injection. Furthermore, optimum homogenization of the pre-injected quantity of fuel is obtained by restricting the range of the injected fuel jets while simultaneously maximizing the atomization of the fuel particles and reinforcing the disintegration of the fuel jets during the clocked pre-injection.
摘要:
A hand-held drive-in tool for driving fastening elements (60) in a workpiece (U) includes a drive-in ram (13) displaceable in a guide (12), a spring (31) for driving the drive-in ram (13), a tensioning device (70) for loading the driving spring (31), a locking device (50) for retaining, in its locking position (54), the driving spring (31) in its loaded position thereof (33), and a sliding nut (78) supported on a threaded spindle (76), which is rotatable by the motor (71) of the tensioning device (70), without a possibility of rotation thereabout but with a possibility of an axial displacement therealong, the sliding nut (78) being axially displaceable, upon actuation of the motor (71) of the tensioning device (70) by a control unit (23) of the drive-in tool (10), from the first end position (83) to the second end position (84) for displacing the driving spring (31) into the loading position (33) of the driving spring (33), and being subsequently displaceable from its second end position (84) into the first end position (83) to provide for displacement of the driving spring (31) to its release position.
摘要:
A positioning device for a hand-held setting tool (10) includes an actuating switching device having an actuation element (24), a switching link (30) for connecting an actuation element (24) to the actuation switch (13) of the setting tool (10) and having a switching member axially displaceable relative to a stationary, with respect to the holder, structural component, and a safety device (50) for preventing actuation of the actuation switch (13) at a predetermined orientation of the setting tool (10) and including a displaceable blocking element (55), first and second annular recesses (51, 52) for receiving the blocking element and extending radially circumferentially about the structural component and about the switching member, respectively, with the first (51) and the second (52) annular recesses being open toward the switching member and the structural component, respectively, and with the blocking element (55) being completely positionable in one of the first and second annular recesses (51) in an operational position of the actuation switching means.
摘要:
A positioning device for a hand-held setting tool (10) having an actuation switch (13) for actuating the setting tool (10), with the positioning device including a rod-shaped holder (21); a connection element (22) for the setting tool (10) arranged at an end of the holder (21), and an actuating switching device including an actuation element (24), a switching link (30) connecting an actuation element (24) to the actuation switch (13), and a safety device (40) for preventing actuation of the actuation switch (13) and having a gravity-controlled intermediate element (41) having an actuation position in which it is positioned between first controlling element (34) and second control element (35) of the switching link (30), and an interruption position (16) in which it interrupts the switching link (30).
摘要:
According to one aspect of the application, a device for driving a fastening element into a substrate has an energy-transfer element for transferring energy to the fastening element. The energy-transfer element can move preferably between a starting position and a setting position, wherein the energy-transfer element is located, before a driving-in procedure, in the starting position and, after the driving-in procedure, in the setting position.According to another aspect of the application, the device comprises a mechanical-energy storage device for storing mechanical energy. The energy-transfer element is then suitable preferably for transferring energy from the mechanical-energy storage device to the fastening element.