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公开(公告)号：US4883354A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-28
申请号：US164130
申请日：1988-03-04
CPC分类号： G01K11/3213 , G01D5/268 , G01N21/431
摘要： Several specific types of optical sensors capable of measuring temperature, pressure, force, acceleration, radiation and electrical fields, fluid level, vapor pressure, and the like, are disclosed, along with an electro-optical system for detecting the optical signal developed by the sensor. One such probe utilizes a convex shaped structure consisting of an elastomeric material attached to an end of an optical fiber, the elastomeric material being coated with a luminescent material, a combination that is capable of measuring both temperature and pressure. Such a probe is also specifically adapted for measuring surface temperature by making a good physical contact with the surface being measured. Another such probe utilizes a similar structure but of a non-elastomeric material for the purpose of detecting both temperature and either index of refraction or vapor pressure changes. Improvements in other existing sensors of a wide variety of physical parameters other than temperature are also described wherein temperature is simultaneously measured for correcting such physical parameter measurements that are affected by temperature variations.
摘要翻译： 公开了能够测量温度，压力，力，加速度，辐射和电场，液位，蒸汽压力等的几种特定类型的光学传感器，以及用于检测由该光学系统开发的光信号的电光系统 传感器。 一种这样的探针利用由连接到光纤端部的弹性体材料组成的凸形结构，弹性体材料涂覆有发光材料，能够测量温度和压力的组合。 这种探针也特别适于通过与所测量的表面良好的物理接触来测量表面温度。 另一种这样的探针使用类似的结构，但是使用非弹性材料，以便检测温度和折射率或蒸汽压力变化。 还描述了除温度以外的各种物理参数的其它现有传感器的改进，其中同时测量温度以校正受温度变化影响的这种物理参数测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4988212A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-29
申请号：US396996
申请日：1989-08-22
CPC分类号： G01K11/3213 , G01D5/268 , G01N21/431
摘要： Several specific types of optical sensors capable of measuring temperature, pressure, force, acceleration, radiation and electrical fields, fluid level, vapor pressure, and the like, are disclosed, along with an electro-optical system for detecting the optical signal developed by the sensor. One such probe utilizes a convex shaped structure consisting of an elastomeric material attached to an end of an optical fiber, the elastomeric material being coated with a luminescent material, a combination that is capable of measuring both temperature and pressure. Such a probe is also specifically adapted for measuring surface temperature by making a good physical contact with the surface being measured. Another such probe utilizes a similar structure but of a non-elastomeric material for the purpose of detecting both temperature and either index of refraction or vapor pressure changes. Improvements in other existing sensors of a wide variety of physical parameters other than temperature are also described wherein temperature is simultaneously measured for correcting such physical parameter measurements that are affected by temperature variations.
摘要翻译： 公开了能够测量温度，压力，力，加速度，辐射和电场，液位，蒸汽压力等的几种特定类型的光学传感器，以及用于检测由该光学系统开发的光信号的电光系统 传感器。 一种这样的探针利用由连接到光纤端部的弹性体材料组成的凸形结构，弹性体材料涂覆有发光材料，能够测量温度和压力的组合。 这种探针也特别适于通过与所测量的表面良好的物理接触来测量表面温度。 另一种这样的探针使用类似的结构，但是使用非弹性材料，以便检测温度和折射率或蒸汽压力变化。 还描述了除温度以外的各种物理参数的其它现有传感器的改进，其中同时测量温度以校正受温度变化影响的这种物理参数测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4789992A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-06
申请号：US27828
申请日：1987-03-19
CPC分类号： G01K11/3213
摘要： An optical temperature measurement technique that utilizes the decaying luminescent intensity characteristic of a sensor composed of a luminescent material that is excited to luminescence by a light pulse or other periodic or other intermittent source of radiation. The luminescent emissions of a preferred sensor exhibit an approximately exponential decay with time that is the average of a distribution of chemically reproducible crystallites and are repeatable with a high degree of accuracy regardless of excitation level or prior temperature history of the sensor.
摘要翻译： 一种光学温度测量技术，其利用由通过光脉冲或其它周期性或其它间歇辐射源激发而发光的发光材料构成的传感器的衰减发光强度特性。 优选传感器的发光发射表现出近似指数衰减，随着时间的推移，时间是化学可再现的微晶的分布的平均值，并且无论激发水平或传感器的先前温度历史如何，都可以以高精确度重复。
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公开(公告)号：US4752141A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US921637
申请日：1986-10-22
CPC分类号： G01K11/3213 , G01D5/268 , G01N21/431
摘要： Several specific types of optical sensors capable of measuring temperature, pressure, force, acceleration, radiation and electrical fields, fluid level, vapor pressure, and the like, are disclosed, along with an electro-optical system for detecting the optical signal developed by the sensor. One such probe utilizes a convex shaped structure consisting of an elastomeric material attached to an end of an optical fiber, the elastomeric material being coated with a luminescent material, a combination that is capable of measuring both temperature and pressure. Such a probe is also specifically adapted for measuring surface temperature by making a good physical contact with the surface being measured. Another such probe utilizes a similar structure but of a non-elastomeric material for the purpose of detecting both temperature and either index of refraction of vapor pressure changes. Improvements in other existing sensors of a wide variety of physical parameters other than temperature are also described wherein temperature is simultaneously measured for correcting such physical parameter measurements that are affected by temperature variations.
摘要翻译： 公开了能够测量温度，压力，力，加速度，辐射和电场，液位，蒸汽压力等的几种特定类型的光学传感器，以及用于检测由该光学系统开发的光信号的电光系统 传感器。 一种这样的探针利用由连接到光纤端部的弹性体材料组成的凸形结构，弹性体材料涂覆有发光材料，能够测量温度和压力的组合。 这种探针也特别适于通过与所测量的表面良好的物理接触来测量表面温度。 另一种这样的探针使用类似的结构，但是使用非弹性材料，用于检测蒸气压变化的温度和折射率。 还描述了除温度以外的各种物理参数的其它现有传感器的改进，其中同时测量温度以校正受温度变化影响的这种物理参数测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4652143A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-24
申请号：US787784
申请日：1985-10-15
CPC分类号： G01K11/3213
摘要： An optical temperature measurement technique that utilizes the decaying luminescent intensity characteristic of a sensor composed of a luminescent material that is excited to luminescence by a light pulse or other periodic or other intermittent source of radiation. The luminescent emissions of a preferred sensor exhibit an approximately exponential decay with time that is the average of a distribution of chemically reproducible crystallites and are repeatable with a high degree of accuracy regardless of excitation level or prior temperature history of the sensor.
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公开(公告)号：US5109595A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-05
申请号：US678704
申请日：1991-04-01
申请人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun , James H. Kim
发明人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun , James H. Kim
CPC分类号： G01R1/071 , G01K17/003 , G01R21/02 , G01R29/0885 , Y10T29/49016
摘要： Fiberoptic sensors of various configurations are provided for measuring the magnitude of the electric or magnetic fields, and thereby the power, at local points within a relatively high-power electromagnetic heating environment such as occurs, for example, in a microwave oven or an industrial microwave processing chamber. Each type of sensor includes one element that is heated by either the oscillating electric or magnetic field, and an optical temperature measuring element positioned to be heated by the first element, its temperature being optically determined by an instrument to which an opposite end of the optical fiber length is connected.
摘要翻译： 提供各种配置的光纤传感器用于测量电场或磁场的大小，从而在相对高功率的电磁加热环境内的本地点（例如在微波炉或工业微波中发生） 处理室。 每种类型的传感器包括被振荡电场或磁场加热的一个元件和定位成由第一元件加热的光学温度测量元件，其温度由光学器件确定，仪器的相对端 光纤长度连接。
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公开(公告)号：US4986671A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-22
申请号：US336836
申请日：1989-04-12
申请人： Mei H. Sun , Kenneth A. Wickersheim
发明人： Mei H. Sun , Kenneth A. Wickersheim
IPC分类号： A61B5/0215 , A61B5/026 , E02F9/22 , G01D5/26 , G01D5/353 , G01J5/08 , G01J5/58 , G01K11/12 , G01L1/24 , G01L9/00 , G01L19/00 , G01P5/10 , G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G01L19/0092 , A61B5/0215 , A61B5/02154 , A61B5/0261 , E02F9/2292 , G01D5/268 , G01K11/3213 , G01L9/0077 , G01P5/10
摘要： A single sensor is provided as part of a fiberoptic probe to measure up to three parameters, namely pressure (or force or displacement), temperature, and heat flow or fluid velocity. A solid elastomeric optical element is formed at the end of optical fiber transmission medium, and adjacent light reflective and temperature dependent materials are formed on the resulting convex surface of the optical element. The amount of light reflected is proportional to the force or pressure against the element. The temperature dependent material is preferably a luminescent material. Over the luminescent material is formed a layer of material that is absorptive of infrared radiation, thereby allowing a determination of characteristics of heat or fluid flow by measuring the rate at which heat is carried away from the infrared heated layer. The sensor can be formed at the end of a single optical fiber, thereby having extensive applications where a very small sensor is required. One such application is a medical or clinical one, where the sensor is mounted in a catheter for providing pressure, flow and temperature of the blood in a blood vessel.
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8.发明授权Technique for optically measuring the temperature of an ultrasonically heated object 失效用于光学测量超声波加热物体的温度的技术
公开(公告)号：US4626110A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US730299
申请日：1985-05-03
申请人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun
发明人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun
CPC分类号： G01K11/3213 , G01K13/002
摘要： An optical fiber temperature sensing probe is implanted into a human body or other object that is being heated, either by ultrasonic radiation alone or by a combination of ultrasonic and electromagnetic (radio frequency or microwave) energy. In order to measure temperature in an ultrasound field without the probe introducing errors, the probe is made to be substantially thermally non-conducting, made of materials that do not absorb compressional energy, and has a small diameter relative to the length of the ultrasonic heating waves.
摘要翻译： 将光纤温度感测探针通过单独的超声波辐射或通过超声波和电磁（射频或微波）能量的组合而被注入到被加热的人体或其他物体中。 为了在没有探针引入误差的情况下测量超声波中的温度，探针被制成基本上不导电，由不吸收压缩能量的材料制成，并且相对于超声波加热的长度具有小的直径 波浪。
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9.发明授权Fiberoptic techniques for measuring the magnitude of local microwave fields and power 失效用于测量本地微波场和功率放大的光纤技术
公开(公告)号：US5110216A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-05
申请号：US472351
申请日：1990-01-30
申请人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun , James H. Kim
发明人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun , James H. Kim
CPC分类号： G01R21/02 , G01K17/003 , G01R1/071 , G01R29/0885
摘要： Fiberoptic sensors of various configurations are provided for measuring the magnitude of the electric or magnetic fields, and thereby the power, at local points within a relatively high-power electromagnetic heating environment such as occurs, for example, in a microwave oven or an industrial microwave processing chamber. Each type of sensor includes one element that is heated by either the oscillating electric or magnetic field, and an optical temperature measuring element positioned to be heated by the first element, its temperature being optically determined by an instrument to which an opposite end of the optical fiber length is connected.
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10.发明授权Optical system using a luminescent material sensor for measuring very high temperatures 失效使用发光材料传感器测量非常高的温度的光学系统
公开(公告)号：US4859079A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US228958
申请日：1988-08-04
申请人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun
发明人： Kenneth A. Wickersheim , Mei H. Sun
CPC分类号： G01J5/08 , G01J5/0806 , G01J5/0818 , G01J5/0821 , G01J5/0887 , G01K11/3213
摘要： A technique of measuring very high temperatures by positioning a blackbody sensor in thermal communication with an environment or object whose temperature is to be measured, communicating infrared emissions having an energy level proportional to such temperature from the sensor to an infrared absorber positioned a distance away from the sensor where the ambient temperature is significantly reduced, and then optically measuring the temperature of the absorber by a technique that uses visible or near visible optical radiation, such as one using a luminescent sensor. The measured temperature of the absorber is proportional to that of the blackbody sensor.
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