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公开(公告)号：US4756302A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-12
申请号：US933490
申请日：1986-11-20
CPC分类号： A61M1/1086 , A61M1/1037
摘要： A heart-assist system and a method for operating same are described in which a pump is connected to a ventricle to receive output therefrom. An actuator operates to cause the pump to conduct a fill cycle in which it receives output from the ventricle to which it is connected, and to conduct an eject cycle in which the contents of the pump are expelled. The time of initiation of at least one of the fill cycle and the eject cycle is varied in relation to systole of the ventricle to which the pump is connected to thereby vary the loading of the ventricle. Several techniques for detecting termination of systole are described including a compliant stop on the pump.
摘要翻译： 描述了心脏辅助系统及其操作方法，其中将泵连接到心室以接收其输出。 致动器操作以使泵进行填充循环，在该循环中，其接收与其连接的心室的输出，并且进行排出泵的内容物的排出循环。 填充循环和排出循环中的至少一个的起始时间相对于与泵连接的心室的收缩相关而变化，从而改变心室的负荷。 描述了几种用于检测心脏收缩终止的技术，包括在泵上的顺应停止。
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2.发明授权Miniature, pulsatile implantable ventricular assist devices and methods of controlling ventricular assist devices 有权微型，脉动式植入式心室辅助装置和控制心室辅助装置的方法公开(公告)号：US06969345B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-29
申请号：US10729599
申请日：2003-12-05
IPC分类号： A61B20060101 , A61M1/10 , A61M1/12 , A61N1/362
CPC分类号： A61M1/1046 , A61M1/1008 , A61M1/1037 , A61M1/1055 , A61M1/107 , A61M1/1086 , A61M1/1098 , A61M1/122
摘要： A pumping system for assisting either or both ventricles of the heart. In one embodiment, separate devices are provided for each ventricle. In another embodiment, one device provides both right and left pumping. The pumping system is small, efficient, atraumatic, and fully implantable. In addition, the pumping system can provide pulsatile flow during systole. The ventricular assist device includes an actuator plate between a pair of serially connected pumping chambers that operate in a two-stroke mode, specifically a power stroke and a transfer stroke. The ventricular assist device also includes an electromagnetic drive system that provides adjustment to the pump pressure according to the current through an electromagnet. For the pumping system, springs provide a “spring force” on the actuator plate that is towards the high-pressure pump chamber. The bias force allows the springs to store and deliver energy from the electromagnetic drive system to provide better utilization of the pump components, and to reduce the pump size and consumption of electricity.
摘要翻译： 用于辅助心脏的一个或两个心室的泵送系统。 在一个实施例中，为每个心室提供分开的装置。 在另一个实施例中，一个装置提供左右泵送。 泵送系统小巧，高效，无创和完全可植入。 此外，泵送系统可以在收缩期间提供脉动流。 心室辅助装置包括在一对串联连接的泵送室之间的致动器板，所述泵室以二冲程模式，特别是动力冲程和输送冲程操作。 心室辅助装置还包括电磁驱动系统，其根据通过电磁体的电流提供对泵压力的调节。 对于泵送系统，弹簧在致动器板上提供朝向高压泵室的“弹簧力”。 偏压力允许弹簧存储和传送来自电磁驱动系统的能量，以提供更好地利用泵部件，并且减小泵的尺寸和消耗电力。
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公开(公告)号：US06264601B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-24
申请号：US09285933
申请日：1999-04-02
IPC分类号： A61M112
CPC分类号： F04B43/04 , A61M1/1008 , A61M1/1037 , A61M1/1053 , A61M1/1055 , A61M1/1086 , A61M1/1098 , A61M1/122 , A61M1/127 , F04B2205/01 , H02K33/16
摘要： An implantable ventricular assist device (VAD) has a small size to provide full-implantable capabilities. The VAD has two variable-volume chambers and an actuator for expelling blood from the chambers in sequence and to a common outlet, thus operating as a positive-displacement pump. The variable-volume chambers may be flexible sacs and the pump is operable at a substantially continuous flow, such as during the systolic phase of the assisted ventricle. A method of operation includes operating the pump at a first frequency during systole and a second lower frequency during diastole. The VAD pump includes a pair of coils housed within a frame and disposed in a spaced relationship to generate a coil flux through a pair of poles. A plate including an armature and a magnet is disposed within the frame such that the armature is between the poles and the magnet is between the coils. Gaps are defined between the armature and each of the poles and the coil flux displaces the armature across the gap. The coil flux follows a donut-shaped path including the frame, one of the poles, one of the gaps, the armature, the other the gap, and the other the pole, and no coil flux passes through the magnet. The magnet is not subject to depolarization and may be made substantially smaller than those of conventional devices. The magnet generates a bias flux that offsets a portion of the coil flux around the frame. A spring may be provided to counteract the unstable action of the bias magnet. The volume of the chambers is a fraction of the ventricular volume, and may be about 20 ml. To pump a typical 80-ml volume of a left ventricle, the controller may activate the coils four times during systole, or once every 40 msec.
摘要翻译： 可植入心室辅助装置（VAD）具有小尺寸以提供完全可植入的能力。 VAD具有两个可变容积的腔室和一个致动器，用于依次将腔室中的血液排出并流到公共出口，从而作为正排量泵进行操作。 可变体积腔室可以是柔性囊，并且泵可以基本上连续的流动操作，例如在辅助心室的收缩期期间。 一种操作方法包括在收缩期间以第一频率操作泵，并且在舒张期期间以第二较低频率操作泵。 VAD泵包括一对线圈，其容纳在框架内并以间隔的关系设置，以通过一对极产生线圈通量。 包括电枢和磁体的板设置在框架内，使得电枢在磁极之间，并且磁体在线圈之间。 在电枢和每个极之间限定了间隙，并且线圈通量将电枢置于间隙上。 线圈磁通跟随包围框架，磁极中的一个，间隙中的一个，电枢，另一个间隙，另一个磁极，并且没有线圈磁通通过磁体的环形路径。 磁体不经过去极化，并且可以被制造成比常规器件的那些小得多。 磁体产生偏置通量，该偏置通量抵消围绕框架的线圈通量的一部分。 可以提供弹簧以抵消偏置磁体的不稳定动作。 室的体积是心室体积的一部分，并且可以是约20ml。 为了抽取典型的80毫升体积的左心室，控制器可以在收缩期间四次激活线圈，或每40毫秒一次。
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公开(公告)号：US4565497A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-21
申请号：US680731
申请日：1984-12-11
CPC分类号： F04B43/0063 , A61M1/1055 , Y10S128/03
摘要： An actuator is described for use in a pump having a pump chamber whose contents are expelled by movement of a pair of pusher plates toward one another. The actuator includes opposed solenoid armatures which are operable for movement between open and closed positions. The armatures are each operatively connected to an associated pusher plate by a main spring which is attached at one end to the back end of the armature, extends through a front-to-back slot in an armature core, and is connected at its opposite end to the pusher plate. A pair of preload springs carried on each armature and disposed on either side of the associated main spring acts to hold the main spring in a prestressed condition prior to solenoid actuation. With closure of the armatures, and with the sac still in an expanded condition, the main springs are disengaged from the associated preload spring and placed in a more stressed, more planar configuration, with the increased stress in each main spring being relieved by movement of the pusher plates toward one another.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于泵的致动器，该泵具有泵室，其内容物通过一对推板朝向彼此的移动排出。 致动器包括相对的螺线管电枢，其可操作以在打开位置和闭合位置之间运动。 衔铁各自通过主弹簧可操作地连接到相关联的推动板，该主弹簧在一端附接到电枢的后端，延伸穿过电枢铁芯中的前后槽，并且在其相对端连接 到推板。 承载在每个电枢上并且设置在相关联的主弹簧的任一侧上的一对预载弹簧用于在电磁致动之前将主弹簧保持在预应力状态。 当电枢闭合并且囊仍处于膨胀状态时，主弹簧与相关联的预加载弹簧脱离并且被放置在更加紧张的更平面的构造中，每个主弹簧中的增加的应力通过 推板彼此相向。
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公开(公告)号：US20100256440A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-07
申请号：US12602926
申请日：2008-06-06
申请人： Tim Maher , Jim Lee , Ron Ness , Herb Chen , Jesse Hubbard , Phillip J. Miller , John Barr , James W. Long , Karl Nelson
发明人： Tim Maher , Jim Lee , Ron Ness , Herb Chen , Jesse Hubbard , Phillip J. Miller , John Barr , James W. Long , Karl Nelson
IPC分类号： A61N1/362
CPC分类号： A61M39/0247 , A61M1/1008 , A61M1/101 , A61M1/107 , A61M1/12 , A61M1/122 , A61M1/127 , A61M2039/0258 , A61M2039/0273
摘要： There are disclosed apparatus and methods for replacing a percutaneous cable in connection with a vascular device. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a distal disconnect coupler, a distal connector portion of the cable configured for removable connection with the distal disconnect coupler, and a connector cap configured for removable connection with the distal disconnect coupler and for tunneling through skin and tissue. In one embodiment, a method of repositioning a percutaneous cable in connection with a vascular device includes providing the cable with a distal disconnect coupler, disconnecting the cable at the distal disconnect coupler, attaching a connector cap to the distal disconnect coupler, removing the percutaneous cable from a first exit site, tunneling the connector cap together with the distal disconnect coupler through skin and tissue to form a new exit site, disconnecting the connector cap, and connecting the cable to the distal disconnect coupler.
摘要翻译： 公开了与血管装置相关地替换经皮电缆的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中，所述装置包括远端断开联接器，所述电缆的远端连接器部分被构造成用于与所述远端断开连接器的可移除连接，以及连接器帽，所述连接器帽被配置为可移除地与所述远端断开连接器连接并且用于穿透皮肤和组织。 在一个实施例中，重新定位与血管装置相关联的经皮电缆的方法包括：将电缆提供远端断开耦合器，在远端断开耦合器处断开电缆，将连接器盖连接到远端断开耦合器，去除经皮电缆 从第一出口部位，通过皮肤和组织将连接器帽与远端断开连接器一起穿透，以形成新的出口部位，断开连接器盖并将电缆连接到远端断开连接器。
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公开(公告)号：US08382830B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-26
申请号：US12602926
申请日：2008-06-06
申请人： Tim Maher , Jim Lee , Ron Ness , Herb Chen , Jesse Hubbard , Phillip J. Miller , John Barr , James W. Long , Karl Nelson
发明人： Tim Maher , Jim Lee , Ron Ness , Herb Chen , Jesse Hubbard , Phillip J. Miller , John Barr , James W. Long , Karl Nelson
IPC分类号： A61M1/10
CPC分类号： A61M39/0247 , A61M1/1008 , A61M1/101 , A61M1/107 , A61M1/12 , A61M1/122 , A61M1/127 , A61M2039/0258 , A61M2039/0273
摘要： There are disclosed apparatus and methods for replacing a percutaneous cable in connection with a vascular device. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a distal disconnect coupler, a distal connector portion of the cable configured for removable connection with the distal disconnect coupler, and a connector cap configured for removable connection with the distal disconnect coupler and for tunneling through skin and tissue. In one embodiment, a method of repositioning a percutaneous cable in connection with a vascular device includes providing the cable with a distal disconnect coupler, disconnecting the cable at the distal disconnect coupler, attaching a connector cap to the distal disconnect coupler, removing the percutaneous cable from a first exit site, tunneling the connector cap together with the distal disconnect coupler through skin and tissue to form a new exit site, disconnecting the connector cap, and connecting the cable to the distal disconnect coupler.
摘要翻译： 公开了与血管装置相关地替换经皮电缆的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中，所述装置包括远端断开联接器，所述电缆的远端连接器部分被构造成用于与所述远端断开连接器的可移除连接，以及连接器帽，所述连接器帽被配置为可移除地与所述远端断开连接器连接并且用于穿透皮肤和组织。 在一个实施例中，重新定位与血管装置相关联的经皮电缆的方法包括：将电缆提供远端断开耦合器，在远端断开耦合器处断开电缆，将连接器盖连接到远端断开耦合器，去除经皮电缆 从第一出口部位，通过皮肤和组织将连接器帽与远端断开连接器一起穿透，以形成新的出口部位，断开连接器盖并将电缆连接到远端断开连接器。
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公开(公告)号：US07584702B1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-08
申请号：US11151187
申请日：2005-05-27
IPC分类号： F42B12/44
摘要： Molten droplets of a metal fuel, such as aluminum, are dispersed into air or water for a reaction releasing energy for military or other purposes. In one warhead embodiment, a cylinder of solid metal is disposed within a ceramic heat insulator; heaters of thermite-like material are embedded in the metal; and an explosive dispersing charge is disposed around or at one end of the cylinder. On activation, the heaters are ignited to melt the metal, and the charge then detonated to disperse droplets of the molten metal. In a related embodiment, the metal and heaters are within a containment having an atomizing nozzle at one end and, oppositely of the metal from the nozzle, a piston and gas generator. When the metal is melted, the gas generator is activated to expel molten metal droplets from the nozzle. The fuel may be pressed particles heated below the melting point and then dispersed by a charge providing enough heat to melt the particles; may be a single component, fuel-rich thermite compound; and may include droplet surface tension reducing additives. Advantages are that the weight and volume of a warhead do not include explosives, binders, and underwater-use oxidizers employed with fuel particles in conventional energetic materials. A warhead may thus have greater density for effective penetration; and, since the fuel is not incorporated in an explosive, dispersing charges can be removed until use, and metal fuels hazardous when incorporated in an explosive can be used.
摘要翻译： 金属燃料（例如铝）的熔融液滴分散在空气或水中，用于为军事或其他目的释放能量的反应。 在一个弹头实施例中，固体金属圆筒设置在陶瓷绝热体内; 铁质材料的加热器嵌入金属中; 并且在气缸的一端周围或其一端设置爆炸性分散电荷。 在激活时，加热器被点燃以熔化金属，然后电荷引爆以分散熔融金属的液滴。 在相关实施例中，金属和加热器在一个容纳物内，在一端具有雾化喷嘴，并且与来自喷嘴的金属相反，具有活塞和气体发生器。 当金属熔化时，气体发生器被激活以从喷嘴排出熔融金属液滴。 燃料可以是被加热到低于熔点的颗粒，然后通过提供足够热量的电荷分散以熔化颗粒; 可以是单一成分，富含燃料的铝酸盐化合物; 并且可以包括液滴表面张力降低添加剂。 优点是弹头的重量和体积不包括在常规能量材料中与燃料颗粒一起使用的爆炸物，粘合剂和水下使用的氧化剂。 因此，弹头可以具有更大的密度以实现有效的穿透; 并且由于不将燃料并入炸药中，因此可以使用分散装置，直到使用时才能使用燃料。
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公开(公告)号：US07059250B1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-13
申请号：US10609865
申请日：2003-07-01
IPC分类号： F42C19/12
摘要： Molten droplets of a metal fuel, such as aluminum, are dispersed into air or water for a reaction releasing energy for military or other purposes. In one warhead embodiment, a cylinder of solid metal is disposed within a ceramic heat insulator; heaters of thermite-like material are embedded in the metal; and an explosive dispersing charge is disposed around or at one end of the cylinder. On activation, the heaters are ignited to melt the metal, and the charge then detonated to disperse droplets of the molten metal. In a related embodiment, the metal and heaters are within a containment having an atomizing nozzle at one end and, oppositely of the metal from the nozzle, a piston and gas generator. When the metal is melted, the gas generator is activated to expel molten metal droplets from the nozzle. The fuel may be pressed particles heated below the melting point and then dispersed by a charge providing enough heat to melt the particles; may be a single component, fuel-rich thermite compound; and may include droplet surface tension reducing additives. Advantages are that the weight and volume of a warhead do not include explosives, binders, and underwater-use oxidizers employed with fuel particles in conventional energetic materials. A warhead may thus have greater density for effective penetration; and, since the fuel is not incorporated in an explosive, dispersing charges can be removed until use, and metal fuels hazardous when incorporated in an explosive can be used.
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公开(公告)号：US08245640B1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12454487
申请日：2009-05-12
IPC分类号： F42C19/12
摘要： Molten droplets of a metal fuel, such as aluminum, are dispersed into air or water for a reaction releasing energy for military or other purposes. In one warhead embodiment, a cylinder of solid metal is disposed within a ceramic heat insulator; heaters of thermite-like material are embedded in the metal; and an explosive dispersing charge is disposed around or at one end of the cylinder. On activation, the heaters are ignited to melt the metal, and the charge then detonated to disperse droplets of the molten metal. In a related embodiment, the metal and heaters are within a containment having an atomizing nozzle at one end and, oppositely of the metal from the nozzle, a piston and gas generator. When the metal is melted, the gas generator is activated to expel molten metal droplets from the nozzle. The fuel may be pressed particles heated below the melting point and then dispersed by a charge providing enough heat to melt the particles; may be a single component, fuel-rich thermite compound; and may include droplet surface tension reducing additives. Advantages are that the weight and volume of a warhead do not include explosives, binders, and underwater-use oxidizers employed with fuel particles in conventional energetic materials. A warhead may thus have greater density for effective penetration; and, since the fuel is not incorporated in an explosive, dispersing charges can be removed until use, and metal fuels hazardous when incorporated in an explosive can be used.
摘要翻译： 金属燃料（例如铝）的熔融液滴分散在空气或水中，用于为军事或其他目的释放能量的反应。 在一个弹头实施例中，固体金属圆筒设置在陶瓷绝热体内; 铁质材料的加热器嵌入金属中; 并且在气缸的一端周围或其一端设置爆炸性分散电荷。 在激活时，加热器被点燃以熔化金属，然后电荷引爆以分散熔融金属的液滴。 在相关实施例中，金属和加热器在一个容纳物内，在一端具有雾化喷嘴，并且与来自喷嘴的金属相反，具有活塞和气体发生器。 当金属熔化时，气体发生器被激活以从喷嘴排出熔融金属液滴。 燃料可以是被加热到低于熔点的颗粒，然后通过提供足够热量的电荷分散以熔化颗粒; 可以是单一成分，富含燃料的铝酸盐化合物; 并且可以包括液滴表面张力降低添加剂。 优点是弹头的重量和体积不包括在常规能量材料中与燃料颗粒一起使用的爆炸物，粘合剂和水下使用的氧化剂。 因此，弹头可以具有更大的密度以实现有效的穿透; 并且由于不将燃料并入炸药中，因此可以使用分散装置，直到使用时才能使用燃料。
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