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公开(公告)号：US4773759A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US049805
申请日：1987-05-12
CPC分类号： G01C19/72
摘要： A fiber optic interferometer provides Kerr effect compensation by intensity modulating counterpropagating waves of unequal intensity such that the average value of the square of the intensity is equal to a constant times the average value of the intensity squared, the constant preferably being equal to about two. The intensity modulation may be achieved by using a modulator in combination with a light source or by using a source in which plural frequencies combine to provide the modulation.
摘要翻译： 光纤干涉仪通过强度调制不等强度的反向传播波提供克尔效应补偿，使得强度平方的平均值等于强度平方值的平均值的常数，该常数优选等于约2。 可以通过使用与光源组合的调制器或通过使用多个频率组合以提供调制的源来实现强度调制。
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公开(公告)号：US4844585A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-04
申请号：US163378
申请日：1988-03-02
摘要： An optically-excited vibratile transducer (10) of microstructural form has a plurality of vibratile elements (11, 12) in stacked formation. End (10A) of the transducer (10) is connected via an optical fibre (13) to an optical device (14) for exciting and interrogating the stack. The other end (10B) of the stack is exposed to the influence of a plurality of variables, such as pressure and temperature, in a gaseous atmosphere. The elements (11, 12) are free to vibrate without mutual physical interference and are respectively decoupled from the influence of the variable. For example, element (11) is subjected to the influence of both pressure and temperature but vent (15) is provided adjacent element (12) to decouple the effect of pressure from element (12) leaving it subject only to the influence of temperature.
摘要翻译： 微结构形式的光激发振动换能器（10）具有堆叠形式的多个振动元件（11,12）。 换能器（10）的端部（10A）经由光纤（13）连接到光学装置（14），用于激发和询问堆叠。 堆叠的另一端（10B）暴露于多种变量（如压力和温度）在气体气氛中的影响。 元件（11,12）可以自由地振动而没有相互的物理干扰，并且分别与变量的影响分离。 例如，元件（11）受到压力和温度两者的影响，而靠近元件（12）设置通风口（15），以使压力与元件（12）的作用脱离，使其仅受到温度的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US4106043A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-08
申请号：US858405
申请日：1977-12-07
申请人： Brian Culshaw
发明人： Brian Culshaw
IPC分类号： H01L29/866 , H01L29/90
CPC分类号： H01L29/866
摘要： A zener diode comprises a reverse biased pn junction having a p-type layer on one side of the junction and two successive n-type depletion layers on the opposite side of the junction with the n-type layer adjacent the junction being more heavily doped than the other n-type layer. The more heavily doped n-type layer determines the temperature co-efficient of the breakdown voltage and the other n-type layer contributes to the total value of the breakdown voltage.
摘要翻译： 齐纳二极管包括在结的一侧上具有p型层的反向偏置pn结，并且与邻近结的n型层的结的相对侧上的两个连续的n型耗尽层比第 另一个n型层。 越高掺杂的n型层确定击穿电压的温度系数，另一个n型层对击穿电压的总值有贡献。
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公开(公告)号：US20110032518A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-10
申请号：US12921115
申请日：2009-03-05
申请人： Brian Culshaw , Alistair MacLean , John Mccormack
发明人： Brian Culshaw , Alistair MacLean , John Mccormack
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01M3/047
摘要： A detection assembly comprising: a body portion having a slot formed along at least a portion of a length thereof, the slot having a slot opening formed in an outer surface of the body portion, the slot opening being arranged to receive a sensor optical fibre through the slot opening; a sensor optical fibre constrained to lie in said slot and in juxtaposition with a plurality of protrusions; and at least one swell member, the swell member being configured to increase in volume in response to exposure to a target measurand, the detection assembly being arranged whereby an increase in a volume of said swell member causes said sensor optical fibre to be urged against at least one of said plurality of protrusions thereby to cause bending of said sensor optical fibre.
摘要翻译： 一种检测组件，包括：主体部分，其具有沿其长度的至少一部分形成的狭槽，所述狭槽具有形成在所述主体部分的外表面中的狭槽开口，所述狭槽开口布置成接收传感器光纤通过 槽开口; 传感器光纤被限制在所述槽中并且与多个突起并置; 以及至少一个膨胀构件，所述膨胀构件被配置成响应于暴露于目标被测量而增加体积，所述检测组件被布置成使得所述膨胀构件的体积的增加导致所述传感器光纤被迫抵抗 所述多个突起中的至少一个突起，从而导致所述传感器光纤的弯曲。
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公开(公告)号：US5744794A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US495566
申请日：1995-12-13
申请人： Walter Craig Michie , Neil Bette Graham , Brian Culshaw , Peter Thomas Gardiner , Christopher Raymond Moran
发明人： Walter Craig Michie , Neil Bette Graham , Brian Culshaw , Peter Thomas Gardiner , Christopher Raymond Moran
CPC分类号： G01M3/047
摘要： A system for detecting the presence of a target measurand, such as water or specified chemicals which are carried in an aqueous solution, and which includes a fibre-optic probe assembly which incorporates an optical fibre, a thin film of a water swellable hydrogel, and a rigid containment structure. The hydrogel is in contact with the optical fibre such that a volumetric change in the hydrogel causes a microbend of the optical fiber. The microbend is detected by a sensor assembly which is coupled to the probe assembly.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB94 / 00292 Sec。 371 1995年12月13日第 102（e）日期1995年12月13日PCT 1994年2月14日PCT PCT。 公开号WO94 / 18536 日期1994年8月18日用于检测在水溶液中携带的目标被测量例如水或特定化学品的存在的系统，其包括包含光纤的光纤探针组件， 水溶胀水凝胶和刚性容纳结构。 水凝胶与光纤接触，使得水凝胶的体积变化导致光纤的微弯曲。 微弯由耦合到探针组件的传感器组件检测。
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公开(公告)号：US4408354A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-04
申请号：US223724
申请日：1981-01-09
IPC分类号： H04B10/2581 , H04B9/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/2581
摘要： A signal transmission system impresses phase-modulated signals on to a multimode optical fibre waveguide 1. In order to overcome the effects of fading caused by small random changes in the parameters of the fibre the signals from different modes are all combined to derive a resulting signal which is detected in a common detector 23. The signals may be combined by a vibrating mirror 21 which sweeps the emergent beam across detector 23. Alternatively the tip of fibre 1 may be vibrated to achieve a similar effect.
摘要翻译： 信号传输系统将相位调制信号提供给多模光纤波导1.为了克服由光纤参数中的小的随机变化引起的衰落的影响，来自不同模式的信号都被组合以得到结果信号 该信号可以在公共检测器23中检测。信号可以通过将检测器23扫射出射束的振动镜21组合。或者，光纤1的尖端可以被振动以实现类似的效果。
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公开(公告)号：US5296374A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-22
申请号：US847009
申请日：1992-04-22
CPC分类号： G02B26/001 , G01K5/52 , G01N25/482 , G01N29/036
摘要： A sensor is provided which is sensitive to a particular property of a medium and which is thermally activated when in contact with the property containing medium. The sensor is externally mounted on the undersurface of a silicon wafer, the upper surface of which contains a well in which a vibratile bridge element is located. The top of the well is closed off so that the vibratile bridge element is within a chamber. Excitation energy from a source is delivered to the vibratile bridge element to establish vibratory motion which is monitored and detected by a circuit. Presence of the particular property in the medium causes a thermal change in the wafer resulting in a change in the resonance frequency of the vibratory motion of the vibratile bridge element. The frequency shift is a measure of the particular property.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB90 / 01615 Sec。 371日期：1992年4月22日 102（e）日期1992年4月22日PCT 1990年10月19日PCT PCT。 WO91 / 05999 PCT出版物 日期1991年5月2日。提供一种传感器，其对介质的特定性质敏感，并且当与含有介质的介质接触时被热激活。 传感器外部安装在硅晶片的下表面上，硅晶片的上表面包含一个其中摆动振动桥元件的孔。 井的顶部被封闭，使得振动桥元件在室内。 来自源的激发能量被传递到振动桥元件以建立由电路监测和检测的振动运动。 介质中特定性质的存在导致晶片的热变化，导致振动桥元件的振动运动的共振频率的变化。 频移是特定属性的度量。
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公开(公告)号：US5202845A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-13
申请号：US689899
申请日：1991-06-17
申请人： Ivan Andonovic , Brian Culshaw , Mohammed Shabeer
发明人： Ivan Andonovic , Brian Culshaw , Mohammed Shabeer
IPC分类号： G06E1/02
CPC分类号： G06E1/02
摘要： An optical signal processor (1) used with a method of processing optical data has at least one optical coupling unit (12). Each coupling unit (12) has two optical couplers (12A, 12B) which are connected so that principal channels (14) are connected in series with a time delay of a predetermined value between adjacent couplers (12A, 12B). The optical coupling units (12) are formed into stages. The number of optical coupling units (12) or stages determines further coding of each bit of the input optical signal or code sequence. Stages can be coupled together to process a sequence of optical pulses corresponding in number to the number of optical coupling stages in the system. The outputs of each stage are coupled via optical switches (18) to an optical summing device (24) to simultaneously process the coded data and determine whether the processing has resulted in matching or mismatching of data.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB89 / 01241 Sec。 371日期1991年6月17日 102（e）1991年6月17日PCT PCT 1989年10月19日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 04823 日期为1990年5月3日。与光学数据处理方法一起使用的光信号处理器（1）具有至少一个光耦合单元（12）。 每个耦合单元（12）具有两个光耦合器（12A，12B），其连接成使得主通道（14）与相邻耦合器（12A，12B）之间的预定值的时间延迟串联连接。 光耦合单元（12）形成阶段。 光耦合单元（12）或级的数量确定输入光信号或代码序列的每个位的进一步编码。 阶段可以耦合在一起以处理与系统中光耦合级数相对应的光脉冲序列。 每个级的输出通过光开关（18）耦合到光学求和装置（24），以同时处理编码数据，并确定处理是否导致数据匹配或失配。
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