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公开(公告)号：US08493383B1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-23
申请号：US12634960
申请日：2009-12-10
申请人： Robert L. Cook , Loren Carpenter
发明人： Robert L. Cook , Loren Carpenter
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/503 , G06T2200/12
摘要： Adaptive sampling alleviates aliasing by partitioning the field of view of an image sample point into depth regions. Portions of the scene are sampled within a depth region using sample rays. If a sample ray is not completely occluded in the depth region, corresponding sample rays are evaluated in adjacent depth regions. Sample rays can be recursively evaluated in further depth regions until all the subsamples intersect opaque objects or a depth limit or transparency threshold is reached. The value of an image sample point is the weighted combination of sample rays. The number of sample rays in each depth region may increase monotonically with distance along a line of sight from an image sample point for effects such as reflection, refraction, and illumination. The number of sample rays in each depth region may increase monotonically with distance from a focal plane for effects such as depth of field.
摘要翻译： 自适应采样通过将图像采样点的视野划分为深度区域来缓解混叠。 场景的部分使用采样光线在深度区域内采样。 如果样品射线未在深度区域中完全闭塞，则在相邻的深度区域中评估相应的样品射线。 可以在更深的深度区域递归地评估采样光线，直到所有子样本与不透明物体相交或达到深度限制或透明度阈值。 图像采样点的值是采样光线的加权组合。 每个深度区域中的采样光线的数量可以从图像采样点沿着视线的距离单调增加，以用于诸如反射，折射和照明的效果。 每个深度区域中的采样光线的数量可以随着距离焦平面的距离而单调增加，以用于诸如景深的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US20110080602A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-07
申请号：US12872708
申请日：2010-08-31
申请人： Raymond E. Clark , Robert L. Cook , Ning Ren , Martin G. Rivers
发明人： Raymond E. Clark , Robert L. Cook , Ning Ren , Martin G. Rivers
IPC分类号： G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G06K15/02 , G06K15/1822 , G06K15/1835 , G06K15/186
摘要： Methods for processing print jobs in rendering devices include representing multiple to-be-printed objects with fewer such objects before processing of the objects occurs. In this manner, processing and memory requirements are optimized. Examples include utilizing a single raster operation function of one object for an entirety of objects; using fewer raster operation functions than originally required for the entirety of objects; creating a no processing (NOP) situation; and effectively creating a mask. Other aspects include modifying raster operation functions of one or more objects to have fewer variables than originally specified by the print job. Printers having stored or accessible computer executable instructions for performing the steps are also disclosed as are host devices that may direct or control the printer to perform the same.
摘要翻译： 用于处理渲染设备中的打印作业的方法包括在处理对象之前表示具有较少这样的对象的多个待打印对象。 以这种方式，优化处理和存储器要求。 示例包括为整个对象利用一个对象的单个光栅操作功能; 使用比最初对整个对象所需的光栅操作功能少; 造成无处理（NOP）情况; 并有效地创造了一个面具。 其他方面包括修改一个或多个对象的光栅操作功能，使其具有比原始打印作业指定的更少的变量。 具有用于执行步骤的存储或可访问的计算机可执行指令的打印机也被公开为可以引导或控制打印机执行相同操作的主机设备。
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公开(公告)号：US5680327A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-21
申请号：US408005
申请日：1995-03-21
申请人： Robert L. Cook , Eric M. Herrmann , Nelson Offner , Edward M. Granger , Akin Dirik , Lawrence D. Baca
发明人： Robert L. Cook , Eric M. Herrmann , Nelson Offner , Edward M. Granger , Akin Dirik , Lawrence D. Baca
IPC分类号： G01J3/46
CPC分类号： G01J3/46 , G01J3/462 , G01J3/463 , G01J3/465 , G01J2003/466
摘要： The present invention provides a method and apparatus for accurately matching colors. The color matching system includes a host computer and a color input device in communication with the host computer. Preferably the color input device is capable of obtaining spectral data, such as that obtained using a spectrophotometer. The host computer includes a color library, a color management system, a monitor, and a user interface. In one aspect of the invention, the user selects a target color, a color library to use for matching, a color distance tolerance, and a light source under which the colors are to be matched. The target color is compared to the colors in the library and the color or colors in the library that are within the specified color tolerance are reported. In a second aspect of the invention, the user selects a color and two illuminants. The color under each of the two illuminants is compared and the color distance between the two is reported. In a third aspect of the invention, a selected color is transformed to the color space of a designated printer and then back-transformed to the color space of the monitor and displayed. The displayed color represents a simulation of the selected color as it would appear if printed.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种准确地匹配颜色的方法和装置。 该配色系统包括与主计算机通信的主计算机和彩色输入装置。 优选地，彩色输入装置能够获得诸如使用分光光度计获得的光谱数据。 主机包括彩色库，色彩管理系统，监视器和用户界面。 在本发明的一个方面中，用户选择目标颜色，用于匹配的颜色库，颜色距离公差以及颜色匹配的光源。 将目标颜色与库中的颜色进行比较，并报告库中颜色或颜色在指定的颜色容差内。 在本发明的第二方面，用户选择一种颜色和两种光源。 比较两种光源下的颜色，并报告两者之间的颜色距离。 在本发明的第三方面中，将选定的颜色转换为指定打印机的颜色空间，然后反向变换到监视器的颜色空间并显示。 显示的颜色表示所选颜色的模拟，如果打印出现的话会显示。
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公开(公告)号：US5025400A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US379503
申请日：1989-06-21
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/503 , Y10S345/952
摘要： A computer database contains visual and other information of an object scene from which a television monitor or film display is created by electronically sampling points of the object scene information in the computer memory. Undesirable effects of aliasing are significantly reduced and substantially eliminated by pseudo-randomly distributing, in a particular manner, the occurrence of the point samples in space and time. Realistic depth of field is obtained in the images, corresponding to what is observed through a camera lens, by altering the sample point locations to simulate passing them through an optical aperture in a pseudo-random distribution thereacross. Further, effects of illumination, shadows, object reflection and object refraction are made more realistic by causing each sample point to pseudo-randomly select one of a predetermined number of possible ray directions.
摘要翻译： 计算机数据库包含通过电子采样计算机存储器中的对象场景信息的点来创建电视监视器或电影显示器的对象场景的视觉和其他信息。 通过以特定的方式伪随机分布点样本在空间和时间中的出现，混淆的不期望的效果被显着地减少并且基本消除。 通过改变采样点位置以模拟通过其中的伪随机分布的光学孔径，在图像中获得对应于通过相机透镜观察的图像的现实景深。 此外，通过使每个采样点伪随机地选择预定数量的可能的射线方向中的一个，使照明，阴影，物体反射和物体折射的效果变得更加现实。
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公开(公告)号：US08411082B1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-02
申请号：US12860702
申请日：2010-08-20
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： An ordered object list is compared with an ordered ray list and if the coordinate value of an entry in the ray list is less than the coordinate value of an entry in the object list, then the ray is added to an active ray list, and a trace of that ray is made against all objects in an active object list. If the coordinate value of the entry in the ray list is greater than the coordinate value of the entry in the object list, then the coordinate value corresponding to the entry in the object list is added to an active object list, and a trace of all rays in the active ray list is made against that coordinate value. Rays and objects are removed from the active lists based on determinations as to whether a trace hit occurred and/or which object point is encountered.
摘要翻译： 将有序对象列表与有序光线列表进行比较，并且如果光线列表中的条目的坐标值小于对象列表中的条目的坐标值，则将光线添加到活动光线列表，并且 对该活动对象列表中的所有对象进行该射线的跟踪。 如果光盘列表中的条目的坐标值大于对象列表中条目的坐标值，则将对象列表中的条目对应的坐标值添加到活动对象列表中，并将所有跟踪全部 根据该坐标值进行激活光线列表中的光线。 根据是否发生跟踪命中和/或遇到哪个对象点的确定，从活动列表中删除光线和对象。
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公开(公告)号：US08237730B1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-07
申请号：US12187330
申请日：2008-08-06
申请人： John Anderson , Robert L. Cook
发明人： John Anderson , Robert L. Cook
CPC分类号： G06T15/50 , G06T11/001
摘要： A method for rendering an image including objects defined by surfaces. A rendering application selects an object in a first image and determines a surface of the object. An initial set of illumination values is calculated and is separated into low and high spatial frequency components associated with the surface of the object. The rendering application independently adjusts the illumination values of the low and high spatial frequency components based lighting information in the first image, and generates a modified set of illumination values by combining the adjusted low and high spatial frequency components. The surface of the object is then rendered using the modified set of illumination values. Advantageously, embodiments of the invention provide techniques for rendering an object without introducing halo effects around the object. Additionally, embodiments of the invention provide for rendering a sequence of frames without introducing fluctuations in the low frequency components from across frame.
摘要翻译： 用于渲染包括由表面定义的对象的图像的方法。 呈现应用程序选择第一图像中的对象并确定对象的表面。 计算一组初始值，并将其分为与物体表面相关联的低空间频率和高空间频率分量。 渲染应用程序独立地调整基于第一图像的低空和高空间频率分量的照明信息的照明值，并且通过组合经调整的低和高空间频率分量来生成修改的照明值集合。 然后使用修改后的一组照明值渲染对象的表面。 有利地，本发明的实施例提供了用于渲染对象而不在对象周围引入晕圈效应的技术。 另外，本发明的实施例提供了渲染帧序列而不引起来自跨帧的低频分量的波动。
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公开(公告)号：US07973789B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US11422024
申请日：2006-06-02
申请人： Robert L. Cook
发明人： Robert L. Cook
IPC分类号： G06T17/00
摘要： A method for a computer system includes opening a model of an object, wherein the model comprises a plurality of geometric elements, determining a subset of geometric elements from the plurality of geometric elements of the model, modifying properties of one or more of the geometric elements in the subset of geometric elements to form a modified subset of geometric elements, and using the modified subset of geometric elements to represent the model of the object in the computer system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于计算机系统的方法包括打开对象的模型，其中所述模型包括多个几何元素，从所述模型的所述多个几何元素确定几何元素的子集，修改所述几何元素中的一个或多个的属性 在几何元素的子集中形成几何元素的修改子集，并使用修改后的几何元素子集来表示计算机系统中对象的模型。
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公开(公告)号：US07859716B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-28
申请号：US10983826
申请日：2004-11-08
申请人： Raymond E. Clark , Robert L. Cook , Ning Ren , Martin G. Rivers
发明人： Raymond E. Clark , Robert L. Cook , Ning Ren , Martin G. Rivers
CPC分类号： G06K15/02 , G06K15/1822 , G06K15/1835 , G06K15/186
摘要： Methods for processing print jobs in rendering devices include representing multiple to-be-printed objects with fewer such objects before processing of the objects occurs. In this manner, processing and memory requirements are optimized. Examples include utilizing a single raster operation function of one object for an entirety of objects; using fewer raster operation functions than originally required for the entirety of objects; creating a no processing (NOP) situation; and effectively creating a mask. Other aspects include modifying raster operation functions of one or more objects to have fewer variables than originally specified by the print job. Printers having stored or accessible computer executable instructions for performing the steps are also disclosed as are host devices that may direct or control the printer to perform the same.
摘要翻译： 用于处理渲染设备中的打印作业的方法包括在处理对象之前表示具有较少这样的对象的多个待打印对象。 以这种方式，优化处理和存储器要求。 示例包括为整个对象利用一个对象的单个光栅操作功能; 使用比最初对整个对象所需的光栅操作功能少; 造成无处理（NOP）情况; 并有效地创造了一个面具。 其他方面包括修改一个或多个对象的光栅操作功能，使其具有比原始打印作业指定的更少的变量。 具有用于执行步骤的存储或可访问的计算机可执行指令的打印机也被公开为可以引导或控制打印机执行相同操作的主机设备。
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公开(公告)号：US5503395A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US344857
申请日：1994-11-25
申请人： Robert L. Cook
发明人： Robert L. Cook
IPC分类号： A63B69/36
CPC分类号： A63B69/3676 , A63B69/3644 , A63B2069/3682 , A63B2071/024 , A63B2071/0694
摘要： A putting practice device and putting practice method for a golfer, the method and device being used on a putting surface with a putter and a golf ball. The putting practice device includes a putting tunnel for placing on the putting surface adjacent to the golf ball. The putting tunnel includes a back panel and an opaque top panel, the opaque top panel having a view port for viewing the golf ball. The putting practice device also includes an adjustable sliding sleeve that is slidably attached to the putting tunnel for variably limiting the length of the golfer's backswing with the putter.
摘要翻译： 用于高尔夫球手的放置练习装置和放置练习方法，该方法和装置用于具有推杆和高尔夫球的推杆表面。 投放练习装置包括用于放置在与高尔夫球相邻的放置表面上的放置隧道。 放置隧道包括后面板和不透明顶板，不透明顶板具有用于观察高尔夫球的观察口。 推杆练习装置还包括可滑动地附接到放置隧道的可调滑动套筒，用于可变地限制高尔夫球手用推杆的后摆的长度。
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公开(公告)号：US5271096A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US978311
申请日：1992-11-17
申请人： Robert L. Cook
发明人： Robert L. Cook
CPC分类号： H04N1/4078 , H04N1/6055
摘要： A computer imaging system for calibration of scanners and printers. A calibration image is stored and manipulated as desired, and printed out as a resultant calibration picture. The resultant calibration picture is input to the system to create a resultant calibration image. A comparison is made between the original calibration image and the resultant calibration image, yielding calibration data indicating the distortion introduced by the hardware and software combination used in the calibration process. The calibration data is then used in a correction stage wherein a picture is input to the system, anti-distorted utilizing the calibration data, and an output picture provided with the anti-distorted data causing the output picture to appear substantially identical to the input picture. Alternatively, the calibration data is used together with a second set of calibration data generated by comparing an input calibration picture with known accurate data values corresponding to the calibration picture. The second set of calibration data is representative of the distortions caused by the input device only. The first and second sets of calibration data are combined, providing a third set of calibration data which represents distortions introduced by the output device only. The second and third sets of calibration data are used during normal operation of the system to provide computer images adjusted for the distortions which would otherwise be introduced by the input device, and which provide output pictures adjusted for the distortions which would otherwise be introduced by the output device.
摘要翻译： 用于校准扫描仪和打印机的计算机成像系统。 根据需要存储和操作校准图像，并作为合成的校准图像打印出来。 所得到的校准图像被输入到系统以产生合成的校准图像。 比较原始校准图像和合成的校准图像，得到指示由校准过程中使用的硬件和软件组合引入的失真的校准数据。 校正数据然后被用于校正阶段，其中图像被输入到系统，利用校准数据进行抗失真，以及提供有抗失真数据的输出图像，使得输出图像看起来与输入图像基本相同 。 或者，校准数据与通过将输入校准图像与对应于校准图像的已知精确数据值进行比较而生成的第二组校准数据一起使用。 第二组校准数据仅代表由输入设备引起的失真。 组合第一组和第二组校准数据，提供第三组校准数据，其表示仅由输出装置引入的失真。 在系统的正常操作期间使用第二和第三组校准数据，以提供由输入装置引入的失真调整的计算机图像，并且提供针对否则将被引入的失真调整的输出图像 输出设备。
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