公开(公告)号：US3806755A

公开(公告)日：1974-04-23

申请号：US25830572

申请日：1972-05-31

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES

Inventor： LIEN E ,  LEVIN M

IPC: H01J23/027 ,  H01J23/02

CPC classification number: H01J23/027

Abstract: The collector incorporates an impact surface portion at the downstream end for collecting substantially all the electrons in the electron beam. The impact surface portion closely approximates the locus of points equidistant from the constricted mouth portion of the collector. By this means amplitude modulation of the few secondary high-velocity reflected electrons returning from the collector and refocused back through the beam tunnel is reduced.

Abstract translation: 收集器在下游端并入有冲击表面部分，用于收集电子束中的所有电子。 冲击表面部分紧密接近与收集器的收缩口部等距离的点的轨迹。 通过这种方式，减少了从集电器返回并通过光束隧道重新聚焦的少数二次高速反射电子的幅度调制。

公开(公告)号：US3811065A

公开(公告)日：1974-05-14

申请号：US33244773

申请日：1973-02-14

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES

Inventor： LIEN E

IPC: H01J25/10 ,  H01J25/20

CPC classification number: H01J25/10 ,  H01J25/20

Abstract: The velocity modulation microwave tube includes an electron gun for projecting a stream of electrons over an elongated beam path to a collector structure. An input circuit and an output circuit are disposed at the upstream and downstream ends, respectively, of the beam for applying microwave energy to be amplified to the tube and for extracting the amplified microwave energy from the beam. A penultimate resonator circuit, tuned for a mode of resonance at a frequency near the passband of the tube, is provided just upstream of the output circuit for bunching the current density of the beam passing into the output circuit. A harmonic floating resonator structure is disclosed along the beam path intermediate the input circuit and the penultimate resonator. The harmonic resonator is tuned for a mode of resonance approximately at a frequency corresponding to a harmonic higher than the first of the center frequency of the passband of the tube. The harmonic resonator serves as a prebuncher to bunching the electrons of the beam prior to their entering the final stage of bunching performed by the penultimate floating resonator. The combined action of the harmonic prebuncher resonator and the penultimate final buncher resonator is to substantially increase the radio frequency conversion efficiency of the tube.

Abstract translation: 速度调制微波管包括电子枪，用于将电子流在细长波束路径上投射到收集器结构。 输入电路和输出电路分别设置在用于施加微波能量的波束​​的上游和下游端，以将其放大到管并从波束中提取放大的微波能量。 在靠近管的通带频率调谐为谐振模式的倒数第二个谐振电路被提供在输出电路的上游，用于聚束通过输出电路的光束的电流密度。 沿着输入电路和倒数第二个谐振器之间的光束路径公开了一种谐波浮动谐振器结构。 谐波谐振器被调谐为谐振模式，大约在对应于高于管的通带的中心频率的第一个谐波的谐波的频率处。 谐波谐振器用作预激光器，以在它们进入由倒数第二个浮动谐振器执行的聚束的最后阶段之前聚束光束的电子。 谐波预均衡器谐振器和倒数第二个最终聚束谐振器的组合作用是大大提高管的射频转换效率。

公开(公告)号：US3832596A

公开(公告)日：1974-08-27

申请号：US35106573

申请日：1973-04-13

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES

Inventor： NELSON R ,  LIEN E ,  MIRAM G

IPC: H01J23/087 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J23/065

Abstract: A high convergence magnetically focused linear beam tube includes a pair of magnetic pole piece structures at opposite ends of the interaction circuit. At least one of the magnetic pole piece structures includes a centrally apertured transverse wall and an axial tubular projection extending away from the transverse wall for shaping the magnetic field externally of the region of the interaction circuit. The diameter of the central aperture is predominantly determinative of the gradient of the convergent axial magnetic field in the high field region, i.e., greater than 50 percent of the maximum axial magnetic field especially in the region of the beam near the beam minimum. The beam aperture is surrounded by a non-magnetic gap in the pole piece structure for independently controlling a certain amount of leakage of magnetic field through the pole piece structure to predominantly determine the magnitude of the axial magnetic field in the low field region, i.e., less than 10 percent of the maximum axial magnetic field intensity externally of the interaction circuit. Controlling the gap width is useful in the case of permanent magnet focusing for moving the point of magnetic field reversal away from the interaction circuit at either the collector or cathode end of the tube to obtain a desired shape of the magnetic flux divergence or convergence.

Abstract translation: 高收敛磁聚焦线性束管包括在相互作用电路的相对端的一对磁极片结构。 磁极片结构中的至少一个包括中心有孔的横向壁和远离横向壁延伸的轴向管状突起，用于使相互作用电路的区域外部的磁场成形。 中心孔的直径主要决定于高场区域中的会聚轴向磁场的梯度，即大于最大轴向磁场的50％，特别是在光束最近的波束区域。 光束孔径被极片结构中的非磁隙包围，用于独立地通过极片结构控制一定量的磁场泄漏，以主要确定低场区域中的轴向磁场的大小，即， 小于相互作用电路外部最大轴向磁场强度的10％。 控制间隙宽度在永磁体聚焦的情况下是有用的，用于在管的集电极或阴极端处使磁场反转远离相互作用电路，以获得磁通发散或收敛的期望形状。