公开(公告)号：US5332945A

公开(公告)日：1994-07-26

申请号：US881041

申请日：1992-05-11

Applicant: Richard B. True

Inventor： Richard B. True

IPC: H01J23/06 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J29/46 ,  H01J1/46

CPC classification number: H01J3/029 ,  H01J23/065

Abstract: A Pierce electron gun is provided having a cathode, a focusing electrode surrounding the cathode, and an anode disposed a fixed distance from the cathode and having an opening therethrough. The electron gun has at least one grading electrode disposed between the focusing electrode and the anode. The grading electrode controls shape of equipotential lines of an electric potential difference provided between the anode and the cathode, to purposely reduce field gradient levels formed by the electric potential difference. The grading electrode further has a double radial bend having an inner radial curve of a first radius and an outer radial curve of a second radius.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种皮尔斯电子枪，其具有阴极，围绕阴极的聚焦电极以及与阴极设置成固定距离且具有穿过其中的开口的阳极。 电子枪具有设置在聚焦电极和阳极之间的至少一个分级电极。 分级电极控制设置在阳极和阴极之间的电位差的等电位线的形状，以有意地减小由电位差形成的场梯度电平。 分级电极还具有双径向弯曲，其具有第一半径的内径向曲线和第二半径的外径向曲线。

公开(公告)号：US4798993A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-17

申请号：US708691

申请日：1985-03-06

Applicant: Robert Duret ,  Georges Fleury

Inventor： Robert Duret ,  Georges Fleury

IPC: H01J23/065 ,  H01J29/46

CPC classification number: H01J23/065

Abstract: In electron guns for electronic tubes, such as travelling wave tubes, for power modulating the electron beam, the distance between the cathode and the modulation grid increases the closer to the axis of the tube. Such a gun can be applied to travelling wave tubes operating with a zero enabling voltage and whose modulating frequency covers a very wide band.

Abstract translation: 在诸如行波管的电子管的电子枪中，为了对电子束进行功率调制，阴极和调制栅之间的距离越靠近管的轴线。 这种枪可以应用于以零使能电压工作的行波管，并且其调制频率覆盖非常宽的频带。

公开(公告)号：US4555646A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-26

申请号：US587837

申请日：1984-03-12

Applicant: George V. Miram ,  Yosuke M. Mizuhara

Inventor： George V. Miram ,  Yosuke M. Mizuhara

IPC: H01J23/065 ,  H01J23/087 ,  H01J23/08

CPC classification number: H01J23/065 ,  H01J23/087

Abstract: A permanent-magnet-focused linear-beam high power millimeter-wave tube is externally adjustable for optimum electron beam optics during initial tube operation. The adjustment is made possible by providing an enlarged cavity within the cathode polepiece within which is housed a confined-flow magnetically-focused electron gun, and a cylindrical insert of magnetic material axially symmetrically disposed about the gun and in spaced relationship to and adjacent the gun insulator envelope. The insert may comprise iron or a radially magnetized permanent magnet, either alone or in combination, and more than one insert of magnetic material may be concentrically employed. In this manner, and by movement of the insert axially within the cavity toward and away from the gun, a finely controllable smooth adjustment of the beam diameter in the beam-microwave interaction region of the tube is effected over a wide range during initial operation. Substantially only the magnetic field in the vicinity of the gun is affected, and essentially no scalloping degradation of the beam in the interaction region is observed.

Abstract translation: 永久磁铁聚焦的线性束高功率毫米波管可以在外部调节，以在初始管操作期间实现最佳电子束光学。 通过在阴极端子内提供放大的空腔，其中容纳有限流动的聚焦电子枪和磁性材料的圆柱形插入物，可以通过在枪周围对称地设置并与枪相隔并且相邻的枪 绝缘体外壳。 插入件可以单独地或组合地包括铁或径向磁化的永磁体，并且可以同心地使用多于一个的磁性材料插入件。 以这种方式，并且通过插入件在空腔内朝向和远离枪的轴向移动，在初始操作期间在宽的范围内实现在管的束 - 微波相互作用区域中的光束直径的精细可控的平滑调节。 基本上只有枪附近的磁场受到影响，并且基本上没有观察到相互作用区域中的光束的扇叶退化。

公开(公告)号：US4096406A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-20

申请号：US684689

申请日：1976-05-10

Applicant: George Valentine Miram ,  Erling Louis Lien

Inventor： George Valentine Miram ,  Erling Louis Lien

IPC: H01J9/04 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/46 ,  H01J1/48 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J9/14 ,  H01J19/14 ,  H01J23/02 ,  H01J23/06 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J1/52 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01J19/38

CPC classification number: H01J19/14 ,  H01J23/065

Abstract: For a grid-controlled electron source to operate at extremely high frequencies, as in planar triodes, the control grid must be situated very close to the emissive cathode. Mechanical and thermal distortions have put minimum limits on grid spacings and hence on the maximum operating frequency of grid-controlled tubes. To overcome these limits the grid structure is formed as a network of web members which are part of a laminated sheet having metal layers bonded to opposite surfaces of an insulating layer. One metal layer is affixed to the emissive surface of a metallic matrix cathode and the other metal layer forms the control grid.

Abstract translation: 对于栅格控制的电子源在极高频率下工作，如在平面三极管中，控制栅格必须非常靠近发射阴极。 机械和热变形对电网间距进行了最小限制，从而对电网控制管的最大工作频率进行了限制。 为了克服这些限制，格栅结构形成为网状构件的网络，网状构件的网络是具有粘合到绝缘层的相对表面的金属层的层压片材的一部分。 一个金属层固定在金属基体阴极的发射表面上，另一个金属层形成控制栅。

公开(公告)号：US3986066A

公开(公告)日：1976-10-12

申请号：US573091

申请日：1975-04-30

Applicant: Erwin Goll

Inventor： Erwin Goll

IPC: H01J23/065 ,  H01J1/88 ,  H01J19/42

CPC classification number: H01J23/065

Abstract: In an electron beam generating system including a cathode, a Wehnelt electrode, an anode, three groups of at least two electrically conductive rods, the rods of each group being connected to a respective one of the cathode, the Wehnelt electrode and the anode, a plurality of electrically insulating members each holding a respective rod, and a metal disc to which the insulating members are fastened in a manner to insulate each rod from the disc and from the other rods, the disc is made in the form of a circular ring provided with a central opening and at least six additional openings disposed around the central opening, the insulating members are tubular members each having a central bore and each projecting from both sides of the disc, and each rod is inserted in the bore of a respective insulating member, and extends at least partially through, and is fastened to, its respective insulating member.

Abstract translation: 在包括阴极，Wehnelt电极，阳极，三组至少两个导电棒的电子束产生系统中，每组的棒连接到阴极，Wehnelt电极和阳极中的相应一个， 多个电绝缘构件，每个保持各自的杆;以及金属盘，绝缘构件以使每个杆与盘绝缘的方式与其它杆绝缘的方式紧固在一起，所述盘被制成圆形形式， 具有中心开口和围绕中心开口设置的至少六个附加开口，绝缘构件是各自具有中心孔并且各自从盘的两侧突出的管状构件，并且每个杆插入相应绝缘构件的孔中 并且至少部分地延伸通过其相应的绝缘构件并被固定到其相应的绝缘构件。

公开(公告)号：US3983446A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-28

申请号：US160045

申请日：1971-07-06

Applicant: George V. Miram ,  Gerhard B. Kuehne

Inventor： George V. Miram ,  Gerhard B. Kuehne

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J29/02 ,  H01J29/46

CPC classification number: H01J3/029 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J3/026 ,  H01J3/027

Abstract: The electron gun includes a spherically concave cathode emitter with a pair of axially spaced spherically concave focus and control grids closely spaced overlaying the cathode emitter for controlling the beam current. The grids are supported from a common thermally conductive tubular grid support structure via the intermediary of first and second annular members one of which is a thermally conductive insulator. One or more of the grids are serrated about their peripheries to define a plurality of radially directed fingers bonded to the end of a respective annular grid support member. In an alternative embodiment, the end of the annular grid support member, as bonded to the serrated grid, is castellated to accommodate differences in thermal expansion between the grid and the annular grid support member.

Abstract translation: 电子枪包括球形凹阴极发射器，其具有一对轴向间隔开的球形凹焦点和控制栅格，其紧密间隔地覆盖阴极发射器以控制束电流。 栅格由通常的导热管状栅格支撑结构经由第一和第二环形构件的介质支撑，其中一个是导热绝缘体。 一个或多个栅格围绕它们的周边锯齿以限定结合到相应的环形栅格支撑构件的端部的多个径向指向的指状物。 在替代实施例中，环形格栅支撑构件的结合到锯齿形格栅的端部被浇铸以适应栅格和环形栅格支撑构件之间的热膨胀差异。

公开(公告)号：US3903450A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-02

申请号：US33432573

申请日：1973-02-21

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： FORBESS RONALD A ,  NOLAND JAMES A

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J29/70

CPC classification number: H01J3/029 ,  H01J23/065

Abstract: A dual-perveance gridded electron gun is disclosed for selectively providing a high-perveance pulsed electron beam and a low-perveance continuous electron beam. A screen grid which projects over a peripheral portion only of an electron emissive cathode surface is disposed between the emissive surface and a control grid which extends substantially across the emissive surface. Relative potentials are applied to the cathode and to the control and screen grids such that in the higher perveance mode substantially all of the cathode emissive surface emits electrons, while in the lower perveance mode electron emission is substantially precluded from the peripheral portion of the emissive surface over which the screen grid projects.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种双重对称网格电子枪，用于选择性地提供高通量脉冲电子束和低通量连续电子束。 仅在电子发射阴极表面的周边部分突出的屏幕网格设置在发射表面和基本上延伸穿过发射表面延伸的控制栅格之间。 相对电位被施加到阴极和控制和屏幕栅格，使得在更高的平均模式中，基本上所有的阴极发射表面发射电子，而在较低的平均模式中，电子发射基本上被排除在发射表面的周边部分 屏幕网格投影。

公开(公告)号：US3886398A

公开(公告)日：1975-05-27

申请号：US38991373

申请日：1973-08-20

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES

Inventor： FEINSTEIN JOSEPH

IPC: G21K1/08 ,  H01J23/027 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J25/02 ,  H02N3/00 ,  H05H9/00

CPC classification number: H01J23/065 ,  G21K1/08 ,  H01J23/027 ,  H01J25/02 ,  H02N3/00 ,  H05H9/00

Abstract: Electrical power is transmitted from a transmitting location to a remote receiving location by means of an electron beam injected into an evacuated magnetically shielded pipe extending between the transmitting location and the receiving location. The beam is magnetically focused within the evacuated pipe. Electrical power to be transmitted is put into the beam in the form of kinetic energy by accelerating the beam to a high kinetic energy. The kinetic energy is extracted from the beam at the receiving location and converted into potential electrical energy for application to the load. In one embodiment, the kinetic energy is extracted from the beam by collecting the beam current at a potential substantially equal to the potential of the source of the electrons, i.e. cathode potential, and causing the collected beam current to flow through the load to develop the depressed collector potential. In another embodiment, radio frequency accelerator means are utilized for r.f. current density modulating and accelerating the beam. The radio frequency current modulation on the beam is extracted at the receiving end by means of radio frequency circuits coupled to the beam. The extracted radio frequency energy is rectified for application to the load. In another embodiment, AC power at conventional AC power frequencies, as of 60 Hertz, is extracted from the beam by sequentially directing the beam into a plurality of depressed collectors coupled to respective primary windings of power transformers for deriving AC output power for application to a load.

公开(公告)号：US3558967A

公开(公告)日：1971-01-26

申请号：US3558967D

申请日：1969-06-16

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES

Inventor： MIRIAM GEORGE V

IPC: H01J23/06 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J23/065

Abstract: A gridded electron gun for linear beam tubes is disclosed. The electron gun includes a concave cathode emitter formed by a mosaic of a multitude of lesser cathode emitting surfaces. The lesser cathode emitting surfaces are concave with a radius of curvature substantially less than the radius of curvature of the composite cathode emitter. A multiapertured control grid is closely spaced to and shaped to conform to the concave surface of the cathode emitter. The apertures in the control grid are in alignment with the individual ones of the cathode emitting surfaces to produce a multitude of convergent beamlets passing through the apertures in the grid in a substantially nonintercepting manner. The beamlets converge together into a confluent electron stream passing through a central aperture in an accelerating anode to form a unitary electron beam for a linear beam tube. The control grid may have a Mu of between 20 and 100 and provide grid interception of less than 0.2 percent of the beam current. In a dispenser cathode a second grid, which is essentially identical to the control grid, is incorporated in or on the surface of the cathode either in contacting or noncontacting relation therewith.

公开(公告)号：US3209199A

公开(公告)日：1965-09-28

申请号：US7519760

申请日：1960-12-12

Applicant: SIEMENS AG

Inventor： PAUL MEYERER

IPC: H01J23/065 ,  H01J23/087

CPC classification number: H01J23/087 ,  H01J23/065