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公开(公告)号：US6164078A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US262796
申请日：1999-03-04
申请人： Tibor I Lak , Gene Rogers , James F. Weber , Michael V. Merlin , Timothy L. Gaynor, III , John E. Davis , David L. Gerhardt
发明人： Tibor I Lak , Gene Rogers , James F. Weber , Michael V. Merlin , Timothy L. Gaynor, III , John E. Davis , David L. Gerhardt
CPC分类号： F25B19/02 , B64G1/402 , B64G5/00 , F25B2341/0011 , Y10S62/91
摘要： A cryogenic liquid heat exchanger system has a subatmospheric pressure reservoir, a tube, and an initial fluid ejector. The sub-atmospheric pressure reservoir has a vacuum exhaust. The tube extends through the reservoir. The initial fluid ejector has a suction chamber inlet that is functionally connected to the reservoir vacuum exhaust. The system may have a plurality of fluid ejectors connected to one or more exhausts either in series or parallel. The initial fluid ejector may receive one or more pressurized fluid streams, and the streams may be steam. A process for generating sub-atmospheric pressures in a cryogenic fluid heat exchanger reservoir includes the step of discharging an initial fluid stream into an initial fluid ejector having a suction chamber functionally connected to an exhaust of the reservoir. A process for generating sub-atmospheric pressures in a cryogenic fluid heat exchanger reservoir includes the step of using a fluid ejector to reduce the pressure in the reservoir. In either process, cooling cryogenic fluid is directed through the reservoir. The cooling cryogenic fluid may be liquid nitrogen or liquid hydrogen. In either process, an incoming cryogenic fluid stream is directed through a tube that extends through the reservoir. The incoming cryogenic fluid may be liquid oxygen or liquid hydrogen, or any other suitable cryogenic fluid.
摘要翻译： 低温液体热交换器系统具有低于大气压的压力储存器，管和初始流体喷射器。 次大气压力储存器具有真空排气。 管延伸通过储存器。 初始流体喷射器具有在功能上连接到储存器真空排气口的吸入室入口。 该系统可以具有串联或并联连接到一个或多个排气的多个流体喷射器。 初始流体喷射器可以接收一个或多个加压流体流，并且流可以是蒸汽。 在低温流体热交换器储存器中产生次大气压力的方法包括将初始流体流排放到具有功能性地连接到储存器的排气口的吸入室的初始流体喷射器中的步骤。 在低温流体热交换器储存器中产生低于大气压的方法包括使用流体喷射器来降低储存器中的压力的步骤。 在任一过程中，冷却低温流体被引导通过储存器。 冷却低温流体可以是液氮或液态氢。 在任一过程中，进入的低温流体流被引导通过延伸穿过储存器的管。 进入的低温流体可以是液氧或液态氢，或任何其它合适的低温流体。
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公开(公告)号：US6034466A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US996377
申请日：1997-12-22
CPC分类号： H02N2/043
摘要： The amplifier assembly includes a driver bellows and an output bellows. The driver bellows includes a first end and a second end. The first end is positionable adjacent a microactuator. The output bellows includes a first end and a second end. The first end of the output bellows is securely attached to the second end of the driver bellows. The second end of the output bellows is positionable adjacent a device to be actuated. The output bellows has a smaller volume than the driver bellows. Each bellows is filled with a working fluid. When the driver bellows is compressed by the microactuator the fluid displacement of the driver bellows is translated to the output bellows causing a displacement in the output bellows equal to the fluid displaced in the driver bellows. Thus, an amplified output stroke is provided of the desired magnitude.
摘要翻译： 放大器组件包括驱动器波纹管和输出波纹管。 驱动器波纹管包括第一端和第二端。 第一端可定位在微致动器附近。 输出波纹管包括第一端和第二端。 输出波纹管的第一端牢固地连接到驱动器波纹管的第二端。 输出波纹管的第二端可定位在要被致动的装置附近。 输出波纹管的体积小于驱动器波纹管。 每个波纹管都装有工作流体。 当驱动器波纹管被微型致动器压缩时，驱动器波纹管的流体位移被转换成输出波纹管，导致输出波纹管中的位移等于在驱动器波纹管中移位的流体。 因此，提供期望幅度的放大输出冲程。
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3.发明授权Array antennas with low sum and difference pattern side lobes and method of producing same 失效具有低和差和差模式旁瓣的阵列天线及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06005512A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-21
申请号：US98409
申请日：1998-06-16
申请人： Sam H. Wong
发明人： Sam H. Wong
CPC分类号： H01Q21/064 , H01Q25/02 , H01Q3/34
摘要： A radar system and method for obtaining low sum and difference side lobe patterns from a phased array antenna comprising radiators distributed amongst four quadrants A, B, C, and D. The quadrants are arranged in a clockwise order of A, B, D, and C. Each quadrant is further divided into an inner portion and an outer portion. The monopulse sum pattern is determined by adding signals received by radiators in the A quadrant, B quadrant, C quadrant, and D quadrant. The elevation difference pattern is determined by subtracting a CD sum consisting of signals received by radiators in the C outer portion and the D outer portion from an AB sum consisting of signals received by radiators in the A outer portion and the B outer portion. The azimuth difference pattern is determined by subtracting a BD sum consisting of signals received by radiators in the B outer portion and the D outer portion from an AC sum consisting of signals received by radiators in the A outer portion and the C outer portion.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从相控阵天线获得低和差和差旁瓣图案的雷达系统和方法，包括分布在四个象限A，B，C和D中的散热器。象限按照A，B，D和D的顺时针顺序排列 C.每个象限进一步分为内部和外部。 通过在A象限，B象限，C象限和D象限中添加由辐射器接收的信号来确定单脉冲总和模式。 通过从由A外部和B外部中的散热器接收的信号构成的AB和减去由C外部部分和D外部部分中的辐射器接收的信号组成的CD和来确定高程差模式。 通过从由A外部部分和C外部部分中的散热器接收的信号组成的AC和减去由B外部部分和D外部部分中的辐射器接收的信号组成的BD和来确定方位差图案。
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公开(公告)号：US5884871A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US827403
申请日：1997-03-27
CPC分类号： B64C23/00 , B64C30/00 , B64C2230/14 , B64C2230/20 , B64C2230/22 , Y02T50/166
摘要： A method is provided for hypersonic laminar flow control which uses the effect of boundary layer stabilization by an ultrasonically transparent coating. A hypersonic body surface is covered by the coating which absorbs the flow disturbance energy and does not trip the boundary layer flow. In one embodiment, the coating is made from a porous material of regular structure containing cylindrical blind microholes normal to the body surface. In another embodiment, the porous material has random distributions of pore shape and orientation. Extraction of the flow disturbance energy by pores causes stabilization of the boundary layer on the coated surface and leads to laminar-turbulent transition delay. The method can be used to decrease the aerodynamic drag of hypersonic vehicles and reduce heat transfer on vehicle surfaces.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于超音速层流控制的方法，其使用通过超声波透明涂层进行边界层稳定的效果。 超音速的身体表面被涂层覆盖，吸收流动扰动能量，不会跳动边界层流动。 在一个实施方案中，涂层由具有垂直于体表的圆柱形盲孔的规则结构的多孔材料制成。 在另一个实施方案中，多孔材料具有孔形状和取向的随机分布。 通过孔提取流动扰动能导致涂层表面上边界层的稳定化，并导致层流湍流转变延迟。 该方法可用于降低超音速车辆的空气动力学阻力并减少车辆表面的热传递。
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公开(公告)号：US5866469A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US662390
申请日：1996-06-13
申请人： Kenneth M. Hays
发明人： Kenneth M. Hays
CPC分类号： B81C1/00269 , B81C2203/0109 , B81C2203/031 , Y10S148/012
摘要： A process is provided for protecting, containing, and/or completing fragile microelectronic and microelectromechanical (MEM) structures on a low conductivity substrate during anodic wafer bonding of a covering wafer. The wafer includes raised areas that contact the substrate at selected bonding regions to support the wafer as a covering structure over the substrate. The covering wafer includes additional raised areas, such as pillars or posts, that contact selected electric circuit lines on the substrate to form temporary shorts through the wafer. During anodic bonding of the wafer to the substrate, the temporary shorts maintain the connected circuit lines and microstructures at nearly the same electric potential to prevent unwanted arcing and electrostatic forces that could damage the fragile structures. The pillars or posts can be formed at the same time as the raised bonding areas, but on unwanted and otherwise unused portions of the covering wafer. Anodic bonding produces only weak bonds between the wafer posts and the metallic conductor material of the circuit lines. After anodic bonding, the unwanted portions of the covering wafer can be removed to leave covering structures over the selected microstructures. Because of the weak bonds, removal of the unwanted portions of the wafer also removes the posts and eliminates the temporary shorts, with no additional processing needed to electrically separate the circuit lines on the substrate.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在覆盖晶片的阳极晶片接合期间在低电导率衬底上保护，容纳和/或完成易碎微电子和微机电（MEM）结构的方法。 晶片包括在所选择的接合区域接触衬底的凸起区域，以将晶片支撑在衬底上作为覆盖结构。 覆盖晶片包括与衬底上的选定电路线接触的另外的凸起区域，例如柱或柱，以形成穿过晶片的临时短路。 在晶片与衬底的阳极接合期间，临时短路将连接的电路线和微结构保持在几乎相同的电位，以防止可能损坏脆弱结构的不期望的电弧和静电力。 支柱或支柱可以与凸起的粘合区域同时形成，但可以在覆盖晶片的不需要的和未使用的部分上形成。 阳极结合仅在晶片柱和电路线的金属导体材料之间产生弱键。 在阳极接合之后，可以去除覆盖晶片的不需要的部分以将覆盖结构留在所选择的微结构上。 由于弱键，去除晶片的不想要的部分也移除柱并消除临时短路，而不需要额外的处理来电分离衬底上的电路线。
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公开(公告)号：US5849112A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-15
申请号：US771366
申请日：1996-12-16
申请人： Sami M. El-Soudani
发明人： Sami M. El-Soudani
摘要： The invention is a process for simultaneously improving at least two mechanical properties of mill-processed (.alpha.+.beta.) titanium alloy, which may or may not contain silicon, which includes steps of heat treating the mill-processed titanium alloy such that the (.alpha.+.beta.) microstructure of said alloy is transformed into an (.alpha.+.alpha..sub.2 +.beta.) microstructure, preferably containing no silicides. The heat treating steps involve subjecting the mill-processed titanium alloy to a sequence of thermomechanical process steps, and the mechanical properties which are simultaneously improved include (a) tensile strength at room, cryogenic, and elevated temperatures; (b) fracture toughness; (c) creep resistance; (d) elastic stiffness; (e) thermal stability; (f) hydrogen embrittlement resistance; (g) fatigue; and (h) cryogenic temperature embrittlement resistance. As a consequence of the process, the (.alpha.+.alpha..sub.2 +.beta.) microstructure contains equiaxed alpha phase strengthened with .alpha..sub.2 precipitates coexisting with lamellar alpha-beta phase, where the .alpha..sub.2 precipitates are confined totally to the equiaxed primary alpha phase. The invention also encompasses a composition of matter produced by the inventive process, especially one comprising a titanium alloy having an (.alpha.+.alpha..sub.2 +.beta.) microstructure.
摘要翻译： 本发明是同时改善可能含有或可能不含硅的研磨加工（α+β）钛合金的至少两种机械性能的方法，其包括对经处理的钛合金进行热处理的步骤，使得（α +β）微结构转变成（α+α2+β）微结构，优选不含硅化物。 热处理步骤包括对经轧制处理的钛合金进行一系列热机械工艺步骤，并且同时改进的机械性能包括（a）室内拉伸强度，低温和高温; （b）断裂韧性; （c）耐蠕变性; （d）弹性刚度; （e）热稳定性; （f）耐氢脆性; （g）疲劳; 和（h）低温耐脆性。 作为该方法的结果，（α+α2+β）微结构包含等轴α相强化，α2沉淀物与层状α-β相共存，其中α2沉淀物完全被限制在等轴的初级α相上。 本发明还包括由本发明方法生产的物质的组合物，特别是包含具有（α+α2+β）微结构的钛合金的组合物。
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公开(公告)号：US5841589A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US533801
申请日：1995-09-26
CPC分类号： G02B13/06
摘要： An optics assembly for observing a panoramic scene comprises a plurality of optical elements. A flat reflective element redirects light from a panoramic scene. A plurality of refractive elements, successively receive the redirected light from the reflective element and create a real pupil. An optical relay system receives light from a last of the plurality of refractive elements. The optical relay system establishes the focal length of the optics assembly, corrects optical aberrations produced at the real pupil, corrects field aberrations and produces an annular image on a flat focal plane assembly. The optics assembly produces a small F-number at field angles perpendicular to the optical axis of the optics assembly over a panoramic scene.
摘要翻译： 用于观察全景场景的光学组件包括多个光学元件。 平面反射元件重新定向来自全景场景的光。 多个折射元件连续地接收来自反射元件的重定向的光并产生真实的光瞳。 光学继电器系统接收来自多个折射元件中的最后一个的光。 光学继电器系统建立光学组件的焦距，校正在真实光瞳处产生的光学像差，校正场像差并在平坦焦平面组件上产生环形图像。 光学组件在垂直于光学组件的光轴的场角上在全景场景上产生小的F数。
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公开(公告)号：US5764705A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US683643
申请日：1996-07-15
申请人： Stanley A. White
发明人： Stanley A. White
CPC分类号： H04L27/3854
摘要： The in-phase channel 28 of a complex demodulated resonator data output signal 12 should contain all of the sensed information, and the quadrature-phase channel 32 should contain none of it. This will not happen if the phase of the reference signal 14 is incorrect. The phase may be adjusted by first filtering each demodulated channel with a respective low-pass dc-blocked filter 34, 38 which passes only the frequencies of the sensed information. If the sensed information gets through on both channels, then there will be a non-zero cross-correlation between the channels. This cross-correlation can be servoed to a minimum by use of a feedback signal 22. Doing so will cause all of the sensed information to be in one channel 28, and diagnostic information to be in the other channel 32.
摘要翻译： 复数解调谐振器数据输出信号12的同相通道28应该包含所有感测到的信息，并且正交相位通道32不应该包含它们。 如果参考信号14的相位不正确，则不会发生这种情况。 可以通过用仅通过感测信息的频率的相应的低通直流阻塞滤波器34,38对每个解调信道进行滤波来调整相位。 如果感测到的信息在两个信道上通过，则信道之间将存在非零互相关。 这种互相关可以通过使用反馈信号22被伺服至最小。这样做将导致所有感测到的信息都在一个通道28中，并且诊断信息将在另一通道32中。
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9.发明授权Vertical/short take-off and landing (V/STOL) air vehicle capable of providing high speed horizontal flight 失效能够提供高速水平飞行的垂直/短距起降（V / STOL）机动车辆
公开(公告)号：US5758844A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-02
申请号：US654133
申请日：1996-05-28
申请人： Darold B. Cummings
发明人： Darold B. Cummings
CPC分类号： B64C29/0033
摘要： The vehicle includes a fuselage; a plurality of lifting surfaces attached to the fuselage having control devices attached thereto; and, an articulated propulsion system attached to the fuselage. The propulsion system includes a duct assembly pivotally connected to the fuselage. The duct assembly includes a duct and a propeller assembly mounted within the duct. A motor assembly is connected to the propeller assembly. The duct assembly may be positioned in a substantially vertical position to provide sufficient direct vertical thrust for vertical take-off and landing and may be directed in other positions to provide a varying spectrum of take-off and landing configurations, as well as a substantially horizontal position for high speed horizontal flight. Use of the control surface in the ducted propulsion assembly provides VTOL capability in a very small environment. The environment is not required to be prepared in any special manner. During horizontal flight, the wings provide the lift, which is more efficient than a propeller providing lift. The present invention takes advantage of a center line propulsion, so that there are no asymmetric propulsion loads.
摘要翻译： 车辆包括机身; 附接到机身的多个提升表面，其具有连接到其上的控制装置; 以及连接到机身的铰接式推进系统。 推进系统包括枢转地连接到机身的管道组件。 管道组件包括安装在管道内的管道和螺旋桨组件。 马达组件连接到螺旋桨组件。 管道组件可以被定位在基本垂直的位置，以提供用于垂直起飞和着陆的足够的直接垂直推力，并且可以将其引导到其它位置，以提供变化的起飞和着陆构型，以及基本水平 高速水平飞行的位置。 在管道式推进组件中使用控制面可在非常小的环境中提供垂直起落架功能。 环境不需要以任何特殊的方式准备。 在水平飞行期间，机翼提供电梯，这比提供电梯的螺旋桨更有效率。 本发明利用中心线推进，使得没有不对称的推进载荷。
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公开(公告)号：US5757994A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-26
申请号：US532195
申请日：1995-09-22
CPC分类号： G02B6/2817 , G02B6/2852
摘要： The optical coupler includes first, second and third port assemblies and a deflecting element. The first port assembly receives a first optical signal, the first port assembly including a first lensing element. The second port assembly emits a predetermined, transmitted portion of the first optical signal. The second port assembly includes a second lensing element. The deflecting element is positioned between the first and second port assemblies. The third port assembly includes a third lensing element. The deflecting element and the third port assembly are so positioned and arranged such that a deflected portion of the first optical signal is deflected from the deflecting element and directed through the third port assembly. The predetermined, transmitted portion of the first optical signal is directed through the second port assembly without being deflected by the deflecting element. The transmitted and deflected portions of the first optical signal are expanded and collimated while passing through the optical coupler by appropriate positioning of the lensing elements to provide efficient and accurate control of the first optical signal.
摘要翻译： 光耦合器包括第一，第二和第三端口组件和偏转元件。 第一端口组件接收第一光信号，第一端口组件包括第一透镜元件。 第二端口组件发射第一光信号的预定的，发送的部分。 第二端口组件包括第二透镜元件。 偏转元件位于第一和第二端口组件之间。 第三端口组件包括第三透镜元件。 偏转元件和第三端口组件被定位和布置成使得第一光学信号的偏转部分从偏转元件偏转并被引导通过第三端口组件。 第一光信号的预定的透射部分被引导通过第二端口组件，而不被偏转元件偏转。 第一光信号的传输和偏转部分在通过光耦合器通过透镜元件的适当定位而被扩展和准直，以提供对第一光信号的有效和准确的控制。
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