公开(公告)号：US07986830B2

公开(公告)日：2011-07-26

申请号：US12327680

申请日：2008-12-03

申请人： Stephen S. Lin ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum ,  Jinwei Gu

发明人： Stephen S. Lin ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum ,  Jinwei Gu

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： H04N1/603 ,  G06T7/80 ,  G06T7/90

摘要： Radiometric calibration of an image capture device (e.g., a digital camera) using a single image is described. The single image may be a color image or a grayscale image. The calibration identifies and analyzes edge pixels of the image that correspond to an edge between two colors or grayscale levels of a scene. Intensity distributions of intensities measured from the single image are then analyzed. An inverse response function for the image capture device is determined based on the intensity distributions. For a color image, the radiometric calibration involves calculating an inverse response function that maps measured blended colors of edge pixels and the associated measured component colors into linear distributions. For a grayscale image, the radiometric calibration involves deriving an inverse response function that maps non-uniform histograms of measured intensities into uniform distributions of calibrated intensities.

摘要翻译： 描述使用单个图像的图像捕获装置（例如，数码相机）的放射线校准。 单个图像可以是彩色图像或灰度图像。 校准识别和分析与场景的两种颜色或灰度级之间的边缘对应的图像的边缘像素。 然后分析从单个图像测量的强度的强度分布。 基于强度分布确定图像捕获装置的反应响应函数。 对于彩色图像，辐射校准包括计算反向响应函数，其将边缘像素的测量混合颜色和相关联的测量分量颜色映射为线性分布。 对于灰度图像，辐射校准涉及导出将测得的强度的非均匀直方图映射到校准强度的均匀分布的反向响应函数。

公开(公告)号：US07940268B2

公开(公告)日：2011-05-10

申请号：US11770942

申请日：2007-06-29

申请人： Kun Zhou ,  Qiming Hou ,  Minmin Gong ,  John Michael Snyder ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

发明人： Kun Zhou ,  Qiming Hou ,  Minmin Gong ,  John Michael Snyder ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

IPC分类号： G06T15/50 ,  G06T15/00

CPC分类号： G06T15/506

摘要： A real-time algorithm for rendering an inhomogeneous scattering medium such as fog is described. An input media animation is represented as a sequence of density fields, each of which is decomposed into a weighted sum of a set of radial basis functions (RBFs) such as Gaussians. The algorithm computes airlight and surface reflectance of the inhomogeneous scattering medium. Several approximations are taken which lead to analytical solutions of quantities such as an optical depth integrations and single scattering integrations, and a reduced number of integrations that need to be calculated. The resultant algorithm is able to render inhomogeneous media including their shadowing and scattering effects in real time. The algorithm may be adopted for a variety of light sources including point lights and environmental lights.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于渲染非均匀散射介质（如雾）的实时算法。 输入媒体动画被表示为密度字段的序列，每个密度字段被分解成一组径向基函数（RBF）如Gauss的加权和。 该算法计算不均匀散射介质的气孔和表面反射率。 采用几种近似方法，其导致诸如光学深度积分和单一散射积分的量的分析解，以及需要计算的减少的积分数。 所得到的算法能够实时渲染包括它们的阴影和散射效应的不均匀介质。 该算法可以用于各种光源，包括点光源和环境光源。

公开(公告)号：US07609264B2

公开(公告)日：2009-10-27

申请号：US11277935

申请日：2006-03-29

申请人： Xin Tong ,  Yanyun Chen ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum ,  Stephen Lin ,  Ying Song

发明人： Xin Tong ,  Yanyun Chen ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum ,  Stephen Lin ,  Ying Song

IPC分类号： G06T15/00

CPC分类号： G06T15/55

摘要： A shell radiance texture function (SRTF) is defined to record an outgoing radiance from a base volume of an object to be rendered. Using the SRTF, radiance values are precomputed and stored for the base volume. The object is rendered using the precomputed radiance values.

摘要翻译： 外壳辐射纹理函数（SRTF）被定义为记录要渲染的对象的基本卷的传出辐射。 使用SRTF，辐射值被预先计算并存储为基本卷。 使用预先计算的辐射值渲染对象。

公开(公告)号：US07602398B2

公开(公告)日：2009-10-13

申请号：US11045868

申请日：2005-01-28

申请人： Kun Zhou ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum ,  Lifeng Wang ,  Yasuyuki Matsushita

发明人： Kun Zhou ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum ,  Lifeng Wang ,  Yasuyuki Matsushita

IPC分类号： G09G5/00

CPC分类号： G06T15/04 ,  G06T17/20

摘要： Surfaces can be decorated with texture tiling and/or texture painting using one or more sample textures, such as BTFs. In a described implementation of texture tiling, a patch-based BTF synthesis algorithm is utilized. In an example embodiment, a mesh of a target surface is re-sampled to produce a dense mesh such that there is a one-to-one correspondence between vertices of the dense mesh and pixels of an image. Patch matching is then employed with a working image that corresponds to a working patch. In an example embodiment, the patch matching is effectuated using translations and rotations of the sample texture. In a described implementation of texture painting, irregular feature(s) of a sample texture are synthesized onto a target surface. In an example embodiment, user-specified constraints as to a desired foreground feature of a sample texture and an intended foreground region of a targeted surface are factored into a graphcut operation.

摘要翻译： 表面可以使用纹理拼贴和/或使用一个或多个样本纹理（如BTF）的纹理绘画进行装饰。 在所描述的纹理平铺的实现中，使用基于块的BTF合成算法。 在一个示例性实施例中，对目标表面的网格进行重新采样以产生密集网格，使得在密集网格的顶点和图像的像素之间存在一一对应关系。 然后使用补丁匹配与对应于工作补丁的工作图像。 在示例实施例中，使用样本纹理的平移和旋转来实现斑块匹配。 在所描述的纹理绘画实现中，样本纹理的不规则特征被合成到目标表面上。 在示例性实施例中，关于样本纹理的期望前景特征和目标表面的预期前景区域的用户指定约束被考虑到图形切割操作中。

公开(公告)号：US07589723B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-15

申请号：US11189491

申请日：2005-07-25

申请人： Lifeng Wang ,  Xu Yang ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

发明人： Lifeng Wang ,  Xu Yang ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

IPC分类号： G06T15/50 ,  G06T15/60 ,  G09G5/00

CPC分类号： G06T15/50

摘要： Rendering of a partially translucent object is performed using a set of parameter maps derived from data measuring reflectance and transmittance of light received at the surface of the partially translucent object. Data is captured from an actual object being modeled, rather than estimated based on internal structure and composition. Parameter maps relating albedo, thickness variation, and specular intensity and roughness are stored as textures to facilitate rendering. In addition, realistic illumination from high energy sources such as sunlight is effected by separating light into low frequency and high frequency components. Low frequency components are rendered by precomputed radiance transfer. High frequency components, which are not modeled well by precomputed radiance transfer, are modeled using a light visibility convolution integral to generate light visibility maps for positions of the high frequency light source. Contributions from the different frequency components are combined to yield a realistic appearance.

摘要翻译： 使用从测量在部分半透明物体的表面处接收的光的反射率和透射率的数据导出的一组参数图来执行部分半透明物体的渲染。 数据从被建模的实际对象中获取，而不是基于内部结构和组合来估计。 将反照率，厚度变化以及镜面强度和粗糙度相关的参数图存储为纹理以便于渲染。 此外，通过将光分离成低频和高频分量来实现来自诸如阳光的高能源的现实照明。 低频分量通过预先计算的辐射传输来渲染。 通过预先计算的辐射传输良好地建模的高频分量使用光可见度卷积积分来建模，以产生高频光源的位置的光可见度图。 来自不同频率分量的贡献被组合以产生现实的外观。

公开(公告)号：US07545375B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-09

申请号：US11679275

申请日：2007-02-27

申请人： Lifeng Wang ,  Xi Wang ,  Xin Tong ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

发明人： Lifeng Wang ,  Xi Wang ,  Xin Tong ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

IPC分类号： G06T15/10

CPC分类号： G06T15/04

摘要： A computer implemented method for generating a representation of structure for use in rendering a synthesized image is provided. The representation is a view-dependent displacement mapping that represents displacements along a viewing direction. This view dependency allows the representation to be used to determine self shadows as well as shading, occlusion and silhouettes when used during rendering for synthesis.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于生成用于渲染合成图像的结构的表示的计算机实现的方法。 该表示是视图相关的位移映射，其表示沿观察方向的位移。 该视图依赖性允许在用于合成的渲染期间使用表示来确定自身阴影以及阴影，遮挡和剪影。

公开(公告)号：US07542073B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-02

申请号：US10970233

申请日：2004-10-21

申请人： Jiang Li ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

发明人： Jiang Li ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

IPC分类号： H04N5/225 ,  H04N7/00 ,  H04N5/232

CPC分类号： H04N13/279 ,  H04N13/221 ,  H04N13/243

摘要： In one embodiment, a longitudinal camera array is rotated through a capture cylinder, with each camera in the array capturing multiple images as the array rotates. These images can be looking outward along the radials of the cylinder, or alternatively looking tangential to the cylinder. The longitudinal camera array allows the surrounding scene to be captured from multiple different planes that are substantially parallel to the ends of the capture cylinder, allowing for more accurate subsequent rendering of the scene. A view of the scene can be subsequently rendered by determining a location and direction of view of an observer, and then selecting one or more of the multiple lateral and longitudinally adjacent capture images, as well as one or more pixels within that capture image(s), to use to determine a display value for the pixel.

公开(公告)号：US07538797B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-26

申请号：US10970511

申请日：2004-10-21

申请人： Jiang Li ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

发明人： Jiang Li ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

IPC分类号： H04N5/225 ,  H04N7/00 ,  H04N5/232

CPC分类号： H04N13/279 ,  H04N13/221 ,  H04N13/243

摘要： In one embodiment, a longitudinal camera array is rotated through a capture cylinder, with each camera in the array capturing multiple images as the array rotates. These images can be looking outward along the radials of the cylinder, or alternatively looking tangential to the cylinder. The longitudinal camera array allows the surrounding scene to be captured from multiple different planes that are substantially parallel to the ends of the capture cylinder, allowing for more accurate subsequent rendering of the scene. A view of the scene can be subsequently rendered by determining a location and direction of view of an observer, and then selecting one or more of the multiple lateral and longitudinally adjacent capture images, as well as one or more pixels within that capture image(s), to use to determine a display value for the pixel.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，纵向相机阵列旋转通过捕获圆筒，阵列中的每个相机在阵列中捕获多个图像。 这些图像可以沿着圆柱体的径向向外看，或者与圆筒相切地看。 纵向相机阵列允许从基本上平行于捕获圆筒的端部的多个不同平面捕获周围场景，从而允许更准确地随后渲染场景。 可以随后通过确定观察者的位置和方向，然后选择多个横向和纵向相邻捕获图像中的一个或多个，以及该捕获图像内的一个或多个像素来呈现场景视图 ），用于确定像素的显示值。

公开(公告)号：US07537523B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-26

申请号：US10882926

申请日：2004-06-30

申请人： Bo Zhang ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

发明人： Bo Zhang ,  Baining Guo ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

IPC分类号： A63F9/24 ,  G06F15/16

CPC分类号： A63F13/358 ,  A63F13/12 ,  A63F13/57 ,  A63F2300/534 ,  A63F2300/535 ,  A63F2300/64

摘要： A method and apparatus improve the efficiency of simulating a virtual environment by filtering information about the virtual environment on a group basis instead of a character basis. The filtered information is sent to each client associated with a character in the group.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置通过基于组而不是基于字符的过滤关于虚拟环境的信息来提高模拟虚拟环境的效率。 被过滤的信息被发送到与组中的字符相关联的每个客户端。

公开(公告)号：US07505606B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-17

申请号：US11132865

申请日：2005-05-19

申请人： Zhouchen Lin ,  Rongrong Wang ,  Xiaoou Tang ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

发明人： Zhouchen Lin ,  Rongrong Wang ,  Xiaoou Tang ,  Heung-Yeung Shum

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/00899

摘要： Embodiments of the invention determine whether an image has been altered. Sets of patches are selected in the image, and corresponding inverse response functions are provided to a support vector machine (SVM). The support vector machine is trained with exemplary normal and abnormal inverse response functions. Once trained, the support vector machine analyzes inverse response functions corresponding to a suspected image. The support vector machine determines if the inverse response functions are normal or abnormal by analyzing a set of features. In one embodiment, features include measures for monotonic characteristics, fluctuation characteristics, and divergence characteristics of the red, green, and blue components of a tuple. Each tuple of inverse response functions is associated with a set of patches selected in the image.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例确定图像是否已被改变。 在图像中选择一组补丁，并将相应的反应函数提供给支持向量机（SVM）。 支持向量机用示例性正常和异常的反应函数进行训练。 训练后，支持向量机分析与疑似图像相对应的反应响应函数。 支持向量机通过分析一组特征来确定逆响应函数是正常还是异常。 在一个实施例中，特征包括用于元组的红，绿和蓝分量的单调特性，波动特性和发散特性的度量。 反向响应函数的每个元组与在图像中选择的一组补丁相关联。