公开(公告)号：US08401348B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

申请号：US12380811

申请日：2009-03-04

申请人： Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42 ,  H04J14/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/293 ,  H04J14/0204 ,  H04J14/0205 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0208 ,  H04J14/0209 ,  H04J14/021 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04J14/0219 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0282 ,  H04J14/0283 ,  H04J14/0284 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0052

摘要： Optical networks are increasingly employing optical network nodes having multiple interfaces to allow a node to direct optical signals received at any interface to any other interface connected to the node. Constructing a larger wavelength selective switching (WSS) module used in such a node can be complex and expensive. A method an apparatus for constructing a large WSS using parallelism is provided. In example embodiments, a larger WSS may include multiple parallel non-cascaded smaller WSSs and an optical coupler configured to optically couple the multiple parallel, non-cascaded smaller WSSs. This technique may be used to construct both N×1 and 1×N WSSs. Because the technique employs multiple parallel, non-cascaded WSSs, all inputs of a larger N×1 WSS and all outputs of a larger 1×N WSS are available receive or transmit external signals rather than being rather than being unavailable due to, for example, cascading smaller WSS devices together.

摘要翻译： 光网络越来越多地采用具有多个接口的光网络节点，以允许节点将在任何接口处接收的光信号引导到连接到节点的任何其他接口。 在这样一个节点中构建更大的波长选择性交换（WSS）模块可能是复杂和昂贵的。 提供了一种使用并行构建大型WSS的装置的方法。 在示例实施例中，较大的WSS可以包括多个并行非级联较小的WSS和被配置为光耦合多个并行的非级联较小WSS的光耦合器。 该技术可以用于构造N×1和1×N个WSS。 由于该技术采用多个并行的非级联WSS，所以N×1个WSS较大的输入和较大的1×N WSS的所有输出可用于接收或发送外部信号，而不是由于例如不是不可用 ，将较小的WSS设备级联在一起。

公开(公告)号：US08135002B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-13

申请号：US12688720

申请日：2010-01-15

申请人： Thomas E. Ryan ,  Mark E. Boduch ,  John B. Kenney

发明人： Thomas E. Ryan ,  Mark E. Boduch ,  John B. Kenney

IPC分类号： H04L12/50 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04Q11/00

CPC分类号： H04Q3/68

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for horizontally slicing a multi-stage switching fabric having transmission inputs and transmission outputs to and from the switch fabric. The switching fabric includes switch elements arranged in at least first and second stages, each switch element having element inputs and outputs with each switch element being configured to join one of the element inputs with an associated one of the element outputs. The switch fabric includes a first logic device that contains a stage-1 subset of the switch elements that is arranged within, and configured to operate as part of, the first stage. The first logic device also contains a stage-2 subset of the switch elements arranged within, and configured to operate as part of, the second stage. The switch fabric includes a second logic device that contains a stage-1 subset of the switch elements that is arranged within, and configured to operate as part of, the first stage. The second logic device also contains a stage-2 subset of the switch elements that is arranged within, and configured to operate as part of, the second stage. The first and second logic devices are physically discrete from one another.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和装置，用于水平切割具有到交换结构的传输输入和传输输出的多级交换结构。 交换结构包括布置在至少第一和第二级中的开关元件，每个开关元件具有元件输入和输出，其中每个开关元件被配置为将元件输入中的一个与元件输出中的相关联的一个连接。 交换结构包括第一逻辑设备，其包含布置在第一级中并被配置为作为第一级的一部分操作的开关元件的第一级子集。 第一逻辑设备还包含布置在第二级中并被配置为作为第二级的一部分操作的开关元件的第二级子集。 交换结构包括第二逻辑设备，该第二逻辑设备包含布置在第一级中并被配置为作为第一级的一部分操作的开关元件的第一级子集。 第二逻辑器件还包含布置在第二级中并被配置为作为第二级的一部分操作的开关元件的第二级子集。 第一和第二逻辑器件彼此物理上离散。

公开(公告)号：US20110262135A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-27

申请号：US12906670

申请日：2010-10-18

申请人： Mark E. Boduch ,  Jonathan B. Sadler

发明人： Mark E. Boduch ,  Jonathan B. Sadler

IPC分类号： H04L12/26 ,  H04J14/00 ,  H04L12/54

CPC分类号： H04L49/45 ,  H04B7/2125 ,  H04L41/069 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L49/1523

摘要： Example embodiments of the present invention relate to increasing an aggregate capacity of a network without using a centralized switch fabric. A method and corresponding apparatus in an example embodiment of the present invention relates to increasing overall aggregate capacity of a switching system. The example embodiment includes a first switching shelf having a first predetermined aggregate capacity, and multiple second switching shelves having a second predetermined aggregate capacity. The second predetermined aggregate capacity is less than the first predetermined aggregate capacity. The example embodiment increases the overall aggregate capacity as a function of connections between the first switching shelf and the multiple second switching shelves. The shelves are interconnected with interconnection links and can be configured to connect to additional shelves as the switching system grows to larger sizes. Embodiments can increase capacity while reducing cost within a network node.

摘要翻译： 本发明的示例性实施例涉及在不使用集中式交换结构的情况下增加网络的总容量。 本发明的示例性实施例中的方法和相应装置涉​​及增加交换系统的总体集总容量。 该示例性实施例包括具有第一预定聚集容量的第一开关架和具有第二预定总容量的多个第二切换架。 第二预定总容量小于第一预定总容量。 示例性实施例将总体容量增加为第一交换机架和多个第二切换架之间的连接的函数。 架子与互连链路互连，并且可以配置为在交换系统增长到更大的尺寸时连接到附加的架子。 实施例可以增加容量，同时降低网络节点内的成本。

公开(公告)号：US07272739B1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-18

申请号：US11272885

申请日：2005-11-14

申请人： Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： H04J3/24

CPC分类号： H04J3/0688 ,  H04J3/062 ,  H04Q2213/13174 ,  H04Q2213/13213 ,  H04Q2213/13216 ,  H04Q2213/13322 ,  H04Q2213/1336

摘要： In a network environment, a first master timing generator generates a first frame reference signal and a second master timing generator generates a second frame reference signal. A first data source generates a first data source signal, a first frame source signal, and a first clock source signal in response to a selected one of the first and second frame reference signals. Similarly, a second data source generates a second data source signal, a second frame source signal, and a second clock source signal in response to a selected one of the first and second frame reference signals. A timing recovery circuit generates a recovered reference signal and a recovered clock signal in response to a selected one of the first and second frame reference signals. A phase aligner stores the first data source signal in response to the first frame source signal and the first clock source signal. The phase aligner also stores the second data source signal in response to the second frame source signal and the second clock source signal. The phase aligner aligns a phase of the first data source signal with a phase of the second data source signal in response to the recovered reference signal and the recovered clock signal.

摘要翻译： 在网络环境中，第一主定时发生器产生第一帧参考信号，而第二主定时发生器产生第二帧参考信号。 响应于所选择的第一和第二帧参考信号之一，第一数据源产生第一数据源信号，第一帧源信号和第一时钟源信号。 类似地，第二数据源响应于所选择的第一和第二帧参考信号之一产生第二数据源信号，第二帧源信号和第二时钟源信号。 定时恢复电路响应于所选择的第一和第二帧参考信号之一产生恢复的参考信号和恢复的时钟信号。 相位对准器响应于第一帧源信号和第一时钟源信号而存储第一数据源信号。 响应于第二帧源信号和第二时钟源信号，相位对准器还存储第二数据源信号。 响应于恢复的参考信号和恢复的时钟信号，相位对准器使第一数据源信号的相位与第二数据源信号的相位对准。

公开(公告)号：US06966009B1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-15

申请号：US10232807

申请日：2002-08-28

申请人： Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： G06F15/177

CPC分类号： H04J3/0688 ,  H04J3/062 ,  H04Q2213/13174 ,  H04Q2213/13213 ,  H04Q2213/13216 ,  H04Q2213/13322 ,  H04Q2213/1336

摘要： In a network environment, a first master timing generator generates a first frame reference signal and a second master timing generator generates a second frame reference signal. A first data source generates a first data source signal, a first frame source signal, and a first clock source signal in response to a selected one of the first and second frame reference signals. Similarly, a second data source generates a second data source signal, a second frame source signal, and a second clock source signal in response to a selected one of the first and second frame reference signals. A timing recovery circuit generates a recovered reference signal and a recovered clock signal in response to a selected one of the first and second frame reference signals. A phase aligner stores the first data source signal in response to the first frame source signal and the first clock source signal. The phase aligner also stores the second data source signal in response to the second frame source signal and the second clock source signal. The phase aligner aligns a phase of the first data source signal with a phase of the second data source signal in response to the recovered reference signal and the recovered clock signal.

摘要翻译： 在网络环境中，第一主定时发生器产生第一帧参考信号，而第二主定时发生器产生第二帧参考信号。 响应于所选择的第一和第二帧参考信号之一，第一数据源产生第一数据源信号，第一帧源信号和第一时钟源信号。 类似地，第二数据源响应于所选择的第一和第二帧参考信号之一产生第二数据源信号，第二帧源信号和第二时钟源信号。 定时恢复电路响应于所选择的第一和第二帧参考信号之一产生恢复的参考信号和恢复的时钟信号。 相位对准器响应于第一帧源信号和第一时钟源信号而存储第一数据源信号。 响应于第二帧源信号和第二时钟源信号，相位对准器还存储第二数据源信号。 响应于恢复的参考信号和恢复的时钟信号，相位对准器使第一数据源信号的相位与第二数据源信号的相位对准。

公开(公告)号：US08965220B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-24

申请号：US12044322

申请日：2008-03-07

申请人： Julia Y. Larikova ,  Richard C. Younce ,  Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Julia Y. Larikova ,  Richard C. Younce ,  Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： H04J14/00 ,  H04J14/02

CPC分类号： H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0205 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0209 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04J14/0219 ,  H04J14/0221

摘要： A reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM) includes local interfaces at which optical signals of different wavelengths are locally input into the ROADM, and a network interface configured to connect the ROADM to a network from which multiplexed optical signals of different wavelengths are transmitted to the network. In a first configuration, the ROADM is configured to transmit from the network interface to the network multiplexed signals of different wavelengths having a first minimum frequency difference. In a second configuration, the ROADM is configured to transmit from the network interface to the network multiplexed signals of different wavelengths having a second minimum frequency difference. The second minimum frequency difference is greater than the first minimum frequency difference. This arrangement reduces the power of four wave mixing cross products produced when optical signals of three wavelengths are multiplexed and transmitted from the ROADM to NZDSF or DSF fiber types.

摘要翻译： 可重构光分插复用器（ROADM）包括本地接口，不同波长的光信号被本地输入到ROADM中，以及网络接口，被配置为将ROADM连接到网络，从该网络将不同波长的复用光信号传输到 网络。 在第一配置中，ROADM被配置为从网络接口向具有第一最小频率差的不同波长的网络复用信号进行发送。 在第二配置中，ROADM被配置为从网络接口向具有第二最小频率差的不同波长的网络复用信号进行发送。 第二最小频率差大于第一最小频率差。 这种布置降低了由三路波长的光信号从ROADM复用到NZDSF或DSF光纤类型时产生的四个波混合交叉产品的功率。

公开(公告)号：US08335240B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-18

申请号：US12002059

申请日：2007-12-14

申请人： Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： H04J3/16 ,  H04B10/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/1149 ,  H04J3/0608 ,  H04J3/0641 ,  H04J3/085 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04J2203/0042 ,  H04J2203/006

摘要： Erroneous data due to faults are prevented from propagating through a distributed network node having diversely routed communications links by using a fault masking technique that eliminates the 60 ms of error propagation time associated with SONET networks. The fault masking technique can also prevent random bit errors from propagating through the distributed network node. A frame alignment technique used in the network node is scalable for very wide words (e.g., 128 bits) for use with high speed optical communications protocols, such as OC-192.

摘要翻译： 通过使用消除与SONET网络相关联的60ms的错误传播时间的故障屏蔽技术，防止由故障导致的错误数据传播通过具有不同路由通信链路的分布式网络节点。 故障屏蔽技术还可以防止随机位错误传播通过分布式网络节点。 在网络节点中使用的帧对准技术对于用于与诸如OC-192的高速光通信协议一起使用的非常宽的字（例如，128位）是可缩放的。

公开(公告)号：US08320759B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-27

申请号：US12380808

申请日：2009-03-04

申请人： Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： H04J14/00 ,  H04J14/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/293 ,  H04J14/0204 ,  H04J14/0205 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0208 ,  H04J14/0209 ,  H04J14/021 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04J14/0219 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0282 ,  H04J14/0283 ,  H04J14/0284 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0052

摘要： Optical networks are increasingly employing optical network nodes having multiple interfaces to allow a node to direct optical signals received at any interface to any other interface connected to the node. Constructing a larger wavelength selective switching (WSS) module used in such a node can be complex and expensive. A method an apparatus for constructing a large WSS using parallelism is provided. In example embodiments, a larger WSS may include multiple parallel non-cascaded smaller WSSs and an optical coupler configured to optically couple the multiple parallel, non-cascaded smaller WSSs. This technique may be used to construct both N×1 and 1×N WSSs. Because the technique employs multiple parallel, non-cascaded WSSs, all inputs of a larger N×1 WSS and all outputs of a larger 1×N WSS are available receive or transmit external signals rather than being rather than being unavailable due to, for example, cascading smaller WSS devices together.

摘要翻译： 光网络越来越多地采用具有多个接口的光网络节点，以允许节点将在任何接口处接收的光信号引导到连接到节点的任何其他接口。 在这样一个节点中构建更大的波长选择性交换（WSS）模块可能是复杂和昂贵的。 提供了一种使用并行构建大型WSS的装置的方法。 在示例实施例中，较大的WSS可以包括多个并行非级联较小的WSS和被配置为光耦合多个并行的非级联较小WSS的光耦合器。 该技术可以用于构造N×1和1×N个WSS。 由于该技术采用多个并行的非级联WSS，所以N×1个WSS较大的输入和较大的1×N WSS的所有输出可用于接收或发送外部信号，而不是由于例如不是不可用 ，将较小的WSS设备级联在一起。

公开(公告)号：US20090232447A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-17

申请号：US12380811

申请日：2009-03-04

申请人： Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： G02B6/28

CPC分类号： G02B6/293 ,  H04J14/0204 ,  H04J14/0205 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0208 ,  H04J14/0209 ,  H04J14/021 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04J14/0219 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0282 ,  H04J14/0283 ,  H04J14/0284 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0052

摘要： Optical networks are increasingly employing optical network nodes having multiple interfaces to allow a node to direct optical signals received at any interface to any other interface connected to the node. Constructing a larger wavelength selective switching (WSS) module used in such a node can be complex and expensive. A method an apparatus for constructing a large WSS using parallelism is provided. In example embodiments, a larger WSS may include multiple parallel non-cascaded smaller WSSs and an optical coupler configured to optically couple the multiple parallel, non-cascaded smaller WSSs. This technique may be used to construct both N×1 and 1×N WSSs. Because the technique employs multiple parallel, non-cascaded WSSs, all inputs of a larger N×1 WSS and all outputs of a larger 1×N WSS are available receive or transmit external signals rather than being rather than being unavailable due to, for example, cascading smaller WSS devices together.

摘要翻译： 光网络越来越多地采用具有多个接口的光网络节点，以允许节点将在任何接口处接收的光信号引导到连接到节点的任何其他接口。 在这样一个节点中构建更大的波长选择性交换（WSS）模块可能是复杂和昂贵的。 提供了一种使用并行构建大型WSS的装置的方法。 在示例实施例中，较大的WSS可以包括多个并行非级联较小的WSS和被配置为光耦合多个并行的非级联较小WSS的光耦合器。 该技术可用于构建Nx1和1xN WSS。 由于该技术采用多个并行的非级联WSS，较大的Nx1 WSS的输入和较大的1xN WSS的所有输出可用于接收或发送外部信号，而不是由于例如级联较小的WSS而不是不可用 设备在一起

公开(公告)号：US20090226168A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-10

申请号：US12380808

申请日：2009-03-04

申请人： Mark E. Boduch

发明人： Mark E. Boduch

IPC分类号： H04J14/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/293 ,  H04J14/0204 ,  H04J14/0205 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0208 ,  H04J14/0209 ,  H04J14/021 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04J14/0219 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0282 ,  H04J14/0283 ,  H04J14/0284 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0052

摘要： Optical networks are increasingly employing optical network nodes having multiple interfaces to allow a node to direct optical signals received at any interface to any other interface connected to the node. Constructing a larger wavelength selective switching (WSS) module used in such a node can be complex and expensive. A method an apparatus for constructing a large WSS using parallelism is provided. In example embodiments, a larger WSS may include multiple parallel non-cascaded smaller WSSs and an optical coupler configured to optically couple the multiple parallel, non-cascaded smaller WSSs. This technique may be used to construct both N×1 and 1×N WSSs. Because the technique employs multiple parallel, non-cascaded WSSs, all inputs of a larger N×1 WSS and all outputs of a larger 1×N WSS are available receive or transmit external signals rather than being rather than being unavailable due to, for example, cascading smaller WSS devices together.

摘要翻译： 光网络越来越多地采用具有多个接口的光网络节点，以允许节点将在任何接口处接收的光信号引导到连接到节点的任何其他接口。 在这样一个节点中构建更大的波长选择性交换（WSS）模块可能是复杂和昂贵的。 提供了一种使用并行构建大型WSS的装置的方法。 在示例实施例中，较大的WSS可以包括多个并行非级联较小的WSS和被配置为光耦合多个并行的非级联较小WSS的光耦合器。 该技术可用于构建Nx1和1xN WSS。 由于该技术采用多个并行的非级联WSS，较大的Nx1 WSS的输入和较大的1xN WSS的所有输出可用于接收或发送外部信号，而不是由于例如级联较小的WSS而不是不可用 设备在一起