公开(公告)号：US07583783B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-01

申请号：US11625429

申请日：2007-01-22

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: A61B6/00

CPC classification number: G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/201 ,  G01N2223/419

Abstract: An x-ray computer tomograph, having an x-ray source that generates a fan beam of x radiation and having a two-dimensional energy-resolving detector array, both of which are situated on opposite sides of a gantry so that the x-ray radiation passes completely through a test region. A row of detector elements is situated in the plane of the fan beam and is adjoined in at least one direction perpendicular to the fan beam by several additional rows of detector elements. During the measurement, no secondary collimator is positioned between the test region and the detector array. The following equation applies for the width (B) of the detector elements: B=ZP*arc sin(qmax*λ), where qmax is a pulse transmission, λ is a wavelength of the x radiation, and ZP is the distance of the measurement point from the detector.

Abstract translation: 一种X射线计算机断层摄影机，具有产生x辐射的扇形束并具有二维能量分辨检测器阵列的X射线源，两者都位于台架的相对两侧，使得x射线 辐射完全通过测试区域。 一排检测器元件位于扇形光束的平面内，并且通过若干附加的检测器元件行与至少一个垂直于风扇光束的方向邻接。 在测量期间，没有次级准直器位于测试区域和检测器阵列之间。 以下等式适用于检测器元件的宽度（B）：B = ZP * arc sin（qmax * lambda），其中qmax是脉冲透射，λ是x辐射的波长，ZP是 来自检测器的测量点。

公开(公告)号：US07551709B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-23

申请号：US10557688

申请日：2004-05-18

Applicant: Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

IPC: A61B6/03

CPC classification number: A61B6/483 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4241 ,  A61B6/482 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419

Abstract: In CSCT, by using a fan-shaped primary beam, combined with a 2D detector, single-slice transmission tomography and scatter tomography can be measured simultaneously. In such a System blurred scatter functions are measured unless a monochromatic source of radiation is used. According to the present invention, an energy resolving 1D or 2D detector System is proposed, which, in combination with a tomographic reconstruction, provides a good spectral resolution, even with a polychromatic primary beam. Furthermore, according to an aspect of the present invention, only one energy resolving detector-line is required to achieve the fall spectrum. Advantageous applications of the system and method according to the present invention are in medical imaging and material analysis, such as baggage inspection.

Abstract translation: 在CSCT中，通过使用扇形主光束，与2D检测器结合，可以同时测量单层透射层析成像和散射层析成像。 在这样的系统中，模糊散射函数被测量，除非使用单色辐射源。 根据本发明，提出了能量分辨1D或2D检测器系统，其结合断层重建，即使使用多色主波束也提供良好的光谱分辨率。 此外，根据本发明的一个方面，仅需要一个能量分辨检测器线来实现坠落光谱。 根据本发明的系统和方法的有利应用是在医疗成像和材料分析中，例如行李检查。

公开(公告)号：US07515688B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-07

申请号：US10599420

申请日：2005-03-30

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/18

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/1279

Abstract: The invention relates to an anode module 1 for a liquid-metal anode X-ray source which has an electron entry window 3 in the region of focus 2. It is provided according to the invention that an X-ray beam exit window 4 lies opposite the electron entry window 3 of the anode module 1 and the exit angle Θ of the X-ray beams 7 between an electron beam 6 entering through the electron entry window 3 along the direction of incidence 5 and the X-ray beams 7 exiting through the X-ray beam exit window 4 is between 5° and 50°, in particular 15°.The invention also relates to an X-radiator with an electron source for the emission of electrons and a liquid-metal anode emitting X-ray beams 7 when the electrons strike, which has an anode module 1 with the above-named features.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于液金属阳极X射线源的阳极模块1，其在焦点2的区域中具有电子入口窗口3.根据本发明，本发明提供了一种X射线束出射窗口4相对 阳极模块1的电子入口窗口3和沿着入射方向5通过电子入口窗口3进入的电子束6之间的X射线束7的出射角θta和通过入射窗口3离开的X射线束7 X射线束出射窗4在5°和50°之间，特别是15°。 本发明还涉及具有用于发射电子的电子源的X辐射体和当电子撞击时发射X射线束7的液态金属阳极，其具有具有上述特征的阳极模块1。

公开(公告)号：US07474728B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-06

申请号：US10518848

申请日：2003-06-19

Applicant: Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/00 ,  G01N23/201

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/4417 ,  A61B6/483

Abstract: The invention relates to a computed tomography apparatus (CT apparatus) for imaging by means of radiation having traversed an object to be examined (that is, directly transmitted radiation), as well as by means of radiation scattered by the object to be examined, which apparatus includes a radiation source (S), a detector arrangement (16) and a device whereby the radiation (41a) having traversed the object to be examined can be blocked at least to an extent that the intensity incident on the detector arrangement (16) does not substantially exceed the intensity of radiation (41b) scattered by the object (13) to be examined and incident on the detector arrangement (16). The invention enables the detection of scattered radiation (CSCT mode) which is not affected by crosstalk from the transmitted radiation, even when the detector arrangement does not satisfy severe requirements as regards crosstalk properties and/or is configured as a single-row detector arrangement.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于通过已经穿过被检查物体（即，直接传播的辐射）的辐射进行成像的计算机断层摄影装置（CT装置），以及通过待检查对象散射的辐射，其中 装置包括辐射源（S），检测器装置（16）和装置，其中穿过被检查物体的辐射（41a）至少可以被阻挡至入射到检测器装置（16）上的强度的程度， 基本上不超过待检测物体（13）散射并入射在检测器装置（16）上的辐射强度（41b）。 即使当检测器装置不满足关于串扰特性的严格要求和/或被配置为单行检测器装置时，本发明能够检测不受来自透射辐射的串扰影响的散射辐射（CSCT模式）。

公开(公告)号：US07412032B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-12

申请号：US10599042

申请日：2005-03-21

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H01J35/08

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H02K44/06

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a magnetohydrodynamic pump 5 for a liquid-metal anode 1 of an X-ray source.It is provided according to the invention that it can be operated in at least two modes, wherein the first mode is a thawing mode in which the liquid metal 2 is melted in a line 3 of the liquid-metal anode 1, the second mode is an operating mode in which the liquid metal 2 is pumped through the line 3 and X-ray beams are produced. In addition, the invention relates to a liquid-metal anode 1 for an X-ray source with a liquid metal 2 which is located in a line 3, wherein an anode module 15 is inserted into the line 3 in the region of focus 4, with a pump 5 for circulating the liquid metal 2 in the line 3 and with a cooling system 6 for the liquid metal 2. According to the invention, such a liquid-metal anode 1 has a magnetohydrodynamic pump 5 as described above.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于操作用于X射线源的液金属阳极1的磁流体动力泵5的方法。 根据本发明提供的是，它可以以至少两种模式操作，其中第一模式是其中液态金属2在液态金属阳极1的管线3中熔化的解冻模式，第二模式是 制造液体金属2被泵送通过管线3和X射线束的操作模式。 另外，本发明涉及一种用于具有位于管线3中的液体金属2的X射线源的液体金属阳极1，其中阳极模块15在焦点4的区域中插入到管线3中， 具有用于使液体金属2在管线3中循环的泵5和用于液体金属2的冷却系统6。 根据本发明，这种液金属阳极1具有如上所述的磁流体动力泵5。

公开(公告)号：US20080069305A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-20

申请号：US10556612

申请日：2004-05-12

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Bernd R. David

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Bernd R. David

IPC: H01J35/10

CPC classification number: H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/082

Abstract: The present invention relates to an X-ray source for the generation of fluorescent X-rays comprising an electron source (1) for the emission of electrons (6) and a target which emits X-rays (10) in response to the incidence of the electrons (6), said target comprising a ring-shaped primary target (2) for the emission of primary X-rays (9) in response to the incidence of the electrons (6) and a secondary target (3) for the emission of fluorescent X-rays (10) in response to the incidence of the primary X-rays (9). To obtain an enhanced radiance, it is proposed that the primary target (2) comprises a liquid metal channel (8) arranged in radial direction relative to a central axis (4), and that a liquid metal circulates in the liquid metal channel (8) during operation of the X-ray source in radial direction from an inner side (13) to an outer side (14) of said ring-shaped primary target (2).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于产生荧光X射线的X射线源，该X射线源包括用于发射电子的电子源（1）和发射X射线（10）的靶， 电子（6），所述靶包括响应于电子（6）的入射和用于发射的次级靶（3）的发射初级X射线（9）的环形初级靶（2） 的荧光X射线（10）响应于主X射线（9）的入射。 为了获得增强的辐射度，提出主要目标（2）包括相对于中心轴线（4）沿径向布置的液态金属通道（8），并且液态金属在液态金属通道（8）中循环 ）从所述环形主要靶（2）的内侧（13）到外侧（14）在径向方向上操作所述X射线源。

公开(公告)号：US20080013684A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-17

申请号：US11484533

申请日：2006-07-11

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01N23/201 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: A system for generating an improved diffraction profile is described. The system includes at least one x-ray source configured to generate x-rays and a primary collimator outputting a first x-ray beam to a first focus point and a second x-ray beam to a second focus point. The primary collimator generates the first and second x-ray beams from the x-rays. The system further includes a container, and a first scatter detector configured to detect a first set of scattered radiation generated upon intersection of the first x-ray beam with the container and to detect a second set of scattered radiation generated upon intersection of the second x-ray beam with the container. An angle of scatter of the first set of scattered radiation detected by the first scatter detector is at most half of an angle of scatter of the second set of scattered radiation detected by the first scatter detector.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于产生改进的衍射轮廓的系统。 该系统包括被配置为产生x射线的至少一个X射线源和将第一x射线束输出到第一焦点并将第二X射线束输出到第二焦点的主准直器。 主准直器从x射线产生第一和第二X射线束。 该系统还包括容器和第一散射检测器，其被配置为检测在第一x射线束与容器相交时产生的第一组散射辐射，并且检测在第二x射线与第二x射线交叉时产生的第二组散射辐射 带容器的光束。 由第一散射检测器检测到的第一组散射辐射的散射角为由第一散射检测器检测的第二组散射辐射的散射角的至多一半。

公开(公告)号：US20070263772A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-15

申请号：US11434486

申请日：2006-05-15

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01N23/201

Abstract: A method for determining a type of a substance is described. The method includes determining a packing fraction of the substance from a molecular interference function.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于确定物质类型的方法。 该方法包括从分子干涉函数确定物质的填充分数。

公开(公告)号：US20070263771A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-15

申请号：US11434431

申请日：2006-05-15

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/20

CPC classification number: G01N23/207 ,  G01N2223/639 ,  G01N2223/643

Abstract: A method for determining a type of substance is described. The method includes determining an effective atomic number of the substance based on a measured ratio of numbers of detected x-ray scatter photons in a diffraction profile.

Abstract translation: 描述了确定物质类型的方法。 该方法包括基于测量的衍射分布中检测到的x射线散射光子的数量的比例来确定物质的有效原子序数。

公开(公告)号：US20070263770A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-15

申请号：US11434291

申请日：2006-05-15

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/20

CPC classification number: G01N23/207

Abstract: A method for iteratively identifying a substance is described. The method includes determining whether a function of a difference between an updated diffraction profile and an original diffraction profile of the substance exceeds a parameter.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于迭代识别物质的方法。 该方法包括确定更新的衍射轮廓和物质的原始衍射轮廓之间的差异的函数是否超过参数。