摘要:
The present invention provides a dye-sensitized solar cell which can obtain a high photoelectric conversion efficiency, which can be manufactured at a low cost, and which is superior in a design property, and a method of manufacturing the same. Dye supporting porous titanium oxide layers 2a to 2d are formed on a transparent conductive substrate 1 so as to display predetermined colors, respectively, and compose predetermined patterns, respectively, in accordance with selection of a thickness, a lamination structure, a particle diameter of titanium oxide fine particles, or a combination ratio of two or more kinds of titanium oxide fine particles when titanium oxide fine particles are composed of the two or more kinds of titanium oxide fine particles different in particle diameter from one another. The transparent conductive substrate 1 having the dye supporting porous titanium oxide layers 2a to 2d formed thereon, and a transparent conductive substrate 3 having a counter electrode 4 formed thereon are stuck to each other through a seal material 5 so that the dye supporting porous titanium oxide layers 2a to 2d, and the counter electrode 4 face each other, and a space defined between the transparent conductive substrate 1 and the transparent conductive substrate 3 is enclosed with an electrolyte layer 6, thereby forming a dye-sensitized solar cell.
摘要:
A highly durable photoelectric converter with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency is prevented from resistance loss or lowering of photoelectric conversion efficiency and free from problems of corrosion and reverse electron transfer reaction. Specifically disclosed is a photoelectric converter (1) comprising a semiconductor electrode (11), a counter electrode (12), and an electrolyte layer (5) arranged between the electrodes. The semiconductor electrode (11) includes a transparent conductive substrate (10) including a transparent base (2), a conductive interconnection layer (3), and a metal oxide layer (30), and a semiconductor particle layer (4) arranged on the transparent conductive substrate (10). The transparent base (2) of the transparent conductive substrate (10) has a trench (3h) on one surface, and the conductive interconnection layer (3) is embedded in this trench (3h).
摘要:
When a map display system acquires first map data on an area of a predetermined range with a first display scale, the map display system also acquires second map data on an area of a larger range including the predetermined range with a second display scale at the same time. When the acquired first map data on the area of the predetermined range becomes insufficient since a first map displayed on a display means is scrolled, a map obtained by changing the display scale of the second map data to the first display scale is displayed. This provides the map display system which is controlled so as to efficiently acquire map data suitable for a communication type navigation system.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a photoelectric conversion device in which selective dye adsorption can be performed easily. In the step of a dye adsorbing process, a material unit 21 having partition walls of a predetermined shape is placed over semiconductor electrodes 121 to 123, which are a titanium oxide electrode. The material unit 21 is laminated by a UV cure adhesive. Dye solutions S1 to S3 obtained by dissolving each of three kinds of dyes of N719, Black dye, and D149, for example, into a CH3CN/t-BuOH mixed solution are put in each of sections divided by the partition walls. The material unit 21 is inverted in that state, and left standing still for 24 hours. Then, the adhesive is removed after passage of the 24 hours. Thus, the semiconductor electrodes 121 to 123 having regions corresponding to the sections which regions are colored with the three different kinds of dyes are obtained. The present invention is applicable to a method of manufacturing a dye sensitized solar cell.
摘要:
An ECU performs atmospheric learning to correct an individual difference in an A/F sensor. In this case, when reducing fuel has been added before a fuel cut, the ECU calculates, at fixed intervals, the total amount of reducing fuel added and the total amount of oxygen flowing through an exhaust passage. The ECU then estimates the remaining amount of reducing fuel remaining in the exhaust passage using these total amounts, and performs atmospheric learning when the remaining amount is equal to or less than an allowable value. As a result, atmospheric learning can be accurately performed at the earliest possible timing even if the timing at which the reducing fuel is added or the operating state of an internal combustion engine or the like changes.
摘要:
Guide points can be grasped by use of a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal comprises search condition transmitting means (KC16A) for transmitting data of route searching conditions to a server; searching result receiving means (KC1A) for receiving, from the server, route data produced by the server in accordance with the route searching conditions; map request information transmitting means (KC16B) for transmitting, to the server, map data transmission request information for requesting a transmission of map data; map data receiving means (KC1B) for receiving the map data transmitted from the server; route image producing means (KC7) for producing a route image based on a range in which to display on the information display screen (11) and based on the route data; and guide map image producing means (KC8) for producing a route guidance map image by combining, based on the map data, a map image and the route image.
摘要:
A method for adjusting an optical axis of an imaging optical system is provided. The imaging optical system includes: a first lens element; a right-angle prism; and a lens group, and is incorporated in a lens barrel including: a first holding member positioning and fixing the first lens and the right-angle prism; and a second holding member incorporating the lens group. The method includes: when assembling the first holding member and the second holding member, positioning the first holding member relative to the second holding member; making inspection light incident into the first lens; and changing a relative position of the first holding member to the second holding member so that an image obtained from the inspection light takes a reference position, so as to coincide an optical axis of the subject light emerged from the right-angle prism with an optical axis of the lens group.
摘要:
An optical information recording medium includes a recording layer provided on a cured resin on which a recording mark is formed by the temperature rise around a focal point caused by absorbing a predetermined recording beam converged for recording of information according to the wavelength of the recording beam and from which the information is reproduced, when a predetermined reading beam is emitted for reproducing of the information, based on the optically-modulated reading beam, wherein the recording layer includes an activated recording area that has been activated as a result of being exposed to an activating beam whose light intensity is at a predetermined light intensity level.
摘要:
When power begins to be supplied to a heater, open loop control is selected as the power supply control method to supply a predetermined power to the heater. After that, the control method is switched to feedback control to set the power to be supplied to the heater based on the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature of the sensor chip if a predetermined period of time in which the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature is expected to fall within a predetermined reference difference has passed since power began to be supplied to the heater.
摘要:
A target cylinder is selected while an internal combustion engine is operating in a steady state. The fuel injection quantity of the target cylinder is gradually increased or decreased and the fuel injection quantity of another cylinder is decreased or increased a corresponding amount in an inverse manner such that the overall air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine does not change. During this time, the hydrogen content in exhaust gas is detected and the injection ratio when the hydrogen content is lowest is stored as an optimal injection ratio for each cylinder. Thereafter, fuel is injected into each cylinder at the optimal injection ratio for each cylinder.