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公开(公告)号：US4405863A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US312557
申请日：1981-10-19
Applicant: Dennis H. Pritzkow , Jack H. Zabel , George R. Lang
Inventor： Dennis H. Pritzkow , Jack H. Zabel , George R. Lang
CPC classification number: H01J47/02
Abstract: Improved end blocks for the electrode array of a multicell radiation detector support the array and isolate it from the interior walls of an enclosed ionization chamber. A plunger extends from the rear wall of each end block and is biased by a spring within the end block to bear against the rear wall of the detector chamber, biasing the electrode array forwardly against front spacers to position the front edges of the electrodes in equidistantly spaced relation to a x-ray transmissive window formed in the front wall of the detector housing. The bias exerted by the springs is adjustable. A tool is inserted into each end block during assembly of the detector to retract the plungers while the array is being positioned within the opened ionization chamber.The invention greatly reduces noise in the detector caused by microphonics, thus improving the integrity of the detected signal and permitting shorter scanning times and other advantages.
Abstract translation: 用于多单元辐射检测器的电极阵列的改进的端块支撑阵列并将其与封闭电离室的内壁隔离。 柱塞从每个端块的后壁延伸并且被端块内的弹簧偏压以抵靠检测器室的后壁，将电极阵列向前偏压抵靠前间隔件以将电极的前边缘等距地定位 与形成在检测器壳体的前壁中的x射线透射窗口间隔开。 弹簧施加的偏压是可调节的。 在组装检测器以在阵列被定位在打开的电离室内时收缩柱塞的工具被插入每个端块中。 本发明大大降低了由麦克风引起的检测器中的噪声，从而提高了检测信号的完整性，并允许更短的扫描时间和其他优点。
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公开(公告)号：US4396840A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-02
申请号：US192715
申请日：1980-10-01
Applicant: Tsunehiko Araki , Yoshihiko Okuda , Takeshi Nakano
Inventor： Tsunehiko Araki , Yoshihiko Okuda , Takeshi Nakano
IPC: G08B17/11 , G08B17/113 , H01J47/02 , G01T1/18
CPC classification number: H01J47/02 , G08B17/11 , G08B17/113
Abstract: An ionization type smoke sensing device includes a printed board. An inner electrode made of heat-resistant metal is attached to the printed board and a radioactive source is fixed to the inner electrode. An outer electrode in the form of a bottomed cylinder made of heat-resistant metal and adapted to cover the inner electrode extends through the printed board and is integrally joined to a protective lid member made of heat-resistant metal at the back of the printed board. Therefore, the outer electrode and the lid member cooperate with each other to define an ionization chamber. The outer electrode is formed with smoke inlet ports for introducing smoke into the ionization chamber. The electric circuit serves to give pulse signals of a relatively high voltage to the outer electrode and to detect the presence of smoke on the basis of the amount of a current flowing through the inner electrode.
Abstract translation: 电离型烟雾感测装置包括印刷电路板。 由耐热金属制成的内电极附着在印刷电路板上，放射源固定在内电极上。 由耐热金属制成并适用于覆盖内部电极的有底圆柱形的外部电极延伸穿过印刷电路板，并与印刷电路板背面的耐热金属制成的保护盖构件整体接合 。 因此，外电极和盖构件相互配合以形成电离室。 外部电极形成有用于将烟雾引入电离室的烟雾入口。 电路用于向外部电极提供相对较高电压的脉冲信号，并且基于流过内部电极的电流量来检测烟雾的存在。
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公开(公告)号：US4367409A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-04
申请号：US206829
申请日：1980-11-14
Applicant: Remy Klausz
Inventor： Remy Klausz
CPC classification number: H01J47/02
Abstract: Ionization chamber detector making it possible to eliminate stray signals generally due to deformations of lines of force of the electrical field created between the electrodes of the ionization chamber, the deformations being located at the ends of the electrodes. The detector comprises an ionization chamber sealingly subdivided into at least two compartments by means of a dielectric material partition which is permeable to the ionizing radiation beam, the compartments being successively arranged on the path of the beam. The downstream compartment contains the measuring electrodes and the upstream compartments the guard electrodes, which are respectively coplanar and are raised to the same potentials as the measuring electrodes. The gases introduced into both compartments at the same high pressure have different atomic numbers.
Abstract translation: 离子化室检测器可以消除杂散信号，这通常是由于在电离室的电极之间产生的电场的力线的变形，这些变形位于电极的端部。 检测器包括通过电离辐射束可透过的电介质材料分隔件密封地细分成至少两个隔间的电离室，隔间连续地布置在梁的路径上。 下游隔室包含测量电极和上游隔室，保护电极分别共面并升高至与测量电极相同的电位。 在相同高压下引入两个隔间的气体具有不同的原子数。
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公开(公告)号：US4362940A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-07
申请号：US144840
申请日：1980-04-29
Applicant: Peter R. Almond
Inventor： Peter R. Almond
CPC classification number: H01J47/02
Abstract: The present invention provides a zero displacement ionization chamber for use in calibrating radiation units. The ionization chamber includes a thimble chamber having first and second electrodes with predetermined thickness and length separated from one another by a pre-defined air gap. The material density and air gap density are balanced by weighting the normal path lengths of radiation rays through the thimble chamber, thereby affecting the thimble chamber having an overall density substantially the same as water thus yielding a zero displacement when placed in water. The first and second electrodes are further electrically connected to a power source for creating an ionization effect when receiving radiation rays in the air gap so that a signal indicative of the radiation exposure may be detected by an electrical connection to one of the electrodes.
Abstract translation: 本发明提供了用于校准辐射单元的零置换电离室。 电离室包括具有预定厚度和长度的第一和第二电极与预定义的气隙彼此隔开的顶针室。 材料密度和气隙密度通过加权通过套管室的辐射线的正常路径长度来平衡，从而影响具有与水基本相同的总体密度的套管室，从而当放置在水中时产生零位移。 第一和第二电极进一步电连接到电源，用于当在气隙中接收辐射线时产生电离效应，使得可以通过与其中一个电极的电连接来检测表示辐射暴露的信号。
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135.发明授权Secondary-standard ionization chamber, in particular for measuring the energy dose 失效二次标准电离室，特别是用于测量能量的剂量
公开(公告)号：US4300050A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-10
申请号：US128528
申请日：1980-03-10
Applicant: Jozsef Hizo , Klaus Duftschmid
Inventor： Jozsef Hizo , Klaus Duftschmid
CPC classification number: H01J47/022 , G01T1/14
Abstract: An ionization chamber for measuring an energy dose having a chamber wall with an electromagnetic radiation absorption characteristic equivalent to air, tissue or water and a neck part and being closed on all sides, an air compensation orifice; an outer electrode formed by a conductive coating on the inner surface of the chamber wall, an inner electrode and an electrically conductive ring surrounding the neck part of the chamber wall is disclosed. The chamber wall consists of at least 85% by weight of a base material containing polyacetal in a mixture with up to 20% by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene having additives consisting of one or more of calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum and carbon. The conductive coating on the inner surface of the chamber wall consists of a material containing one or more elements having an atomic number greater than 8.
Abstract translation: 一种电离室，用于测量具有等效于空气，纸巾或水和颈部的电磁辐射吸收特征并且在所有侧面上被封闭的电磁辐射吸收特征的室壁的空气补偿孔; 公开了一种通过在室壁的内表面上的导电涂层形成的外部电极，内部电极和围绕室壁的颈部的导电环。 室壁由至少85重量％的含有聚缩醛的基础材料与至多20重量％的具有由氧化钙，氧化铝，铝和碳中的一种或多种组成的添加剂的聚四氟乙烯的混合物组成。 室壁内表面上的导电涂层由含有一个或多个原子序数大于8的元素的材料构成。
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Patent Agency Ranking136.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4297576A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-27
申请号：US97051
申请日：1979-11-23
Applicant: Michel Laval , Edmond Tournier
Inventor： Michel Laval , Edmond Tournier
Abstract: Conductive terminals located within a casing constituted by two separable portions and conductive terminals located outside the casing are interconnected by means of conductors which pass through the casing between the two separable portions. In particular, the invention permits interconnection of detection cells and measuring channels within an X-ray tomographic apparatus while preventing leakage currents, the connecting conductors being insulated with respect to each other and with respect to the casing.
Abstract translation: 位于由两个可分离部分构成的壳体内的导电端子和位于壳体外部的导电端子通过在两个可分离部分之间穿过壳体的导体相互连接。 特别地，本发明允许检测单元和X射线断层摄影装置内的测量通道的互连，同时防止泄漏电流，连接导体相对于彼此绝缘并相对于壳体。
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公开(公告)号：US4286160A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-25
申请号：US17638
申请日：1979-03-05
Applicant: Louis Ried, Jr.
Inventor： Louis Ried, Jr.
IPC: G08B17/113 , H01J47/02
CPC classification number: H01J47/02 , G08B17/113
Abstract: An ionization particle detector for indicating the presence of charged particles in a gas includes a single ionization chamber having two defined regions of electrical field intensity. The first region is of small geometric volume and high electric field intensity while the second region is of large geometric volume and low electric field intensity. The radioactive source for generating the ions is located near one electrode while the second electrode forming the walls of the chamber are located such that the walls are incident near the Bragg ionization peak of the detector. A probe is positioned between the two regions for detecting the maximum electric field change when particles enter the chamber.
Abstract translation: 用于指示气体中带电粒子的存在的电离粒子检测器包括具有两个限定的电场强度区域的单个电离室。 第一区域的几何体积小，电场强度高，第二区域的几何体积大，电场强度低。 用于产生离子的放射源位于一个电极附近，而形成腔壁的第二电极被定位成使得壁在检测器的布拉格电离峰附近入射。 探针位于两个区域之间，用于检测颗粒进入腔室时的最大电场变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4280052A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-21
申请号：US959102
申请日：1978-11-09
Applicant: Elias E. Solomon
Inventor： Elias E. Solomon
Abstract: The detector uses a single radioactive source, such as a beta ionization source, with a multiple chamber construction. The source is positionable relative to the center or node electrode to provide simple adjustment of ionization in each chamber of say a dual chamber detector. Adjustment may be achieved without altering the geometric volume of the chambers or electrode spacing, but instead by altering the ratio of the source area protruding into each chamber. In one embodiment the center or node electrode is fixed and the source is adjustable in a direction normal to the electrode or by tilting relative to the electrode. In another embodiment the source is fixed and the electrode is adjustable relative to the position of the source. The principles may also be embodied in a three-chamber detector.
Abstract translation: 检测器使用单个放射源，例如β电离源，具有多室结构。 源可相对于中心或节点电极定位，以提供每个室中简单的离子化调节，即双室检测器。 可以在不改变室的几何体积或电极间距的情况下实现调整，而是通过改变突出到每个室中的源区域的比例来实现。 在一个实施例中，中心或节点电极是固定的，并且源可以在垂直于电极的方向上或通过相对于电极倾斜来调节。 在另一个实施例中，源是固定的，并且电极相对于源的位置是可调节的。 这些原理也可以体现在三室检测器中。
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公开(公告)号：US4193000A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-11
申请号：US854255
申请日：1977-11-23
Applicant: Shimpey Shirayama , Chikara Konagai , Michitaka Terasawa , Hironobu Kimura
Inventor： Shimpey Shirayama , Chikara Konagai , Michitaka Terasawa , Hironobu Kimura
Abstract: A compact single- or multi-channel radiation detector capable of sending forth a large and stable output signal by being operated in a proportional region which comprises a single or a plurality of electrode assemblies each prepared by inserting between a pair of mutually facing parallel high voltage electrodes an electric charge-collecting electrode having a plurality of metal wires spatially arranged in a plane parallel with said paired high voltage electrodes, and wherein the single or plural electrode assemblies are received in a case provided with a radiation inlet section and filled with a gaseous element mainly consisting of a rare gas such as argon or xenon.
Abstract translation: 一种紧凑型单通道或多通道辐射检测器，能够通过在包括单个或多个电极组件的比例区域中发出大而稳定的输出信号，每个电极组件通过插入一对相互面对的平行高压 电极，具有多个金属线，所述多个金属线空间地配置在与所述成对的高压电极平行的平面中，并且其中所述单电极组件或多个电极组件被容纳在设置有辐射入口部分并且充满气体 元素主要由稀有气体如氩气或氙气组成。
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公开(公告)号：US4163152A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-31
申请号：US836800
申请日：1977-09-26
Applicant: Arata Suzuki
Inventor： Arata Suzuki
CPC classification number: H01J47/02
Abstract: A radiation detection ionization chamber comprising an elongated cylindrical pencil-shaped tubing forming an outer wall of the chamber and a center electrode disposed along the major axis of the tubing is disclosed. The length of the chamber is substantially greater than the diameter. A cable connecting portion at one end of the chamber is provided for connecting the chamber to a triaxial cable. An end support portion is connected at the other end of the chamber for supporting and tensioning the center electrode.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种辐射检测电离室，其包括形成该室的外壁的细长圆柱形铅笔形管和沿该管的长轴设置的中心电极。 腔室的长度明显大于直径。 设置在腔室一端的电缆连接部分用于将腔室连接到三轴电缆。 端部支撑部分连接在腔室的另一端，用于支撑和张紧中心电极。
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