公开(公告)号：US20080298362A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：US11755516

申请日：2007-05-30

Applicant: Nir Ben-Dvora ,  Jisu Bhattacharya ,  Chandrasekar Krishnamurthy ,  Doron Oz ,  David D. Ward

Inventor： Nir Ben-Dvora ,  Jisu Bhattacharya ,  Chandrasekar Krishnamurthy ,  Doron Oz ,  David D. Ward

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L65/1069 ,  H04L49/355 ,  H04L49/552

Abstract: In one embodiment, a router receives a call request for establishing a multimedia exchange between two remote endpoints. The router selects a processing entity to manage a subset of connections with the remote endpoints according to an endpoint identification such as a remote address included in the call request. A different processing entity manages the remaining connections with the remote endpoints. Accordingly, the load of managing signaling for establishing the multimedia exchange is balanced between a plurality of processing elements that appear externally as a single entity such that modification of remote endpoint behavior is not required.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，路由器接收用于在两个远程端点之间建立多媒体交换的呼叫请求。 路由器根据诸如呼叫请求中包括的远程地址的端点标识来选择处理实体来管理与远程端点的连接子集。 不同的处理实体管理与远程端点的剩余连接。 因此，用于建立多媒体交换的管理信令的负载在作为单个实体外部出现的多个处理元件之间进行平衡，使得不需要修改远程端点行为。

公开(公告)号：US07461154B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-02

申请号：US10992499

申请日：2004-11-18

Applicant: Rodolphe Figaro ,  David D. Ward ,  Anca Zamfir ,  John Galen Scudder

Inventor： Rodolphe Figaro ,  David D. Ward ,  Anca Zamfir ,  John Galen Scudder

IPC: G06F15/16

CPC classification number: H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/586

Abstract: A virtual router (VR) communication arrangement enables services on different VRs executing on the same physical router to communicate without utilizing or substantially consuming communication resources, such as a network protocol stack and physical interfaces, of the physical router. The services are illustratively implemented as separately-scheduled VR processes executing on the physical router. A virtual router forwarding information base (vrFIB) is provided within a client socket library of each VR process and is used to determine whether the services are on the same physical router. If so, a lightweight interconnection is created between the services and a message (“packet”) is forwarded over that interconnection to effectuate communication. If the services are not on the same physical router, the packet is sent over the network protocol stack and communication is established using the communication resources of the router.

Abstract translation: 虚拟路由器（VR）通信布置使得在相同物理路由器上执行的不同VR上的服务能够在不利用或基本上消耗物理路由器的诸如网络协议栈和物理接口的通信资源的情况下进行通信。 这些服务被说明性地实现为在物理路由器上执行的单独调度的VR进程。 虚拟路由器转发信息库（vrFIB）在每个VR进程的客户机套接字库中提供，用于确定服务是否在同一物理路由器上。 如果是这样，则在服务之间创建轻量级互连，并且通过该互连转发消息（“分组”）以实现通信。 如果业务不在同一物理路由器上，则通过网络协议栈发送数据包，并使用路由器的通信资源建立通信。

公开(公告)号：US07433320B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-07

申请号：US11048077

申请日：2005-02-01

Applicant: Stefano Previdi ,  James N. Guichard ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  David D. Ward

Inventor： Stefano Previdi ,  James N. Guichard ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  David D. Ward

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/46

CPC classification number: H04L45/026 ,  H04L43/0811 ,  H04L45/26 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L63/0272

Abstract: Customer edge (CE) to CE device verification checks initiate routes from available CEs as a set of path verification messages, destined for remote CE routes serving a remote VPN. An extended community attribute, included among the attributes of the path verification message, stores the identity of the originating CE router. The path verification message propagates across the network, and transports the identity of the originating CE router because the originator identity is not overwritten by successive routing. Upon receipt by the remote CE, the originator is determinable from the extended community attribute. A further reachability field is also included in the extended community attribute and indicates whether per CE or per prefix is appropriate for the particular route in question. In this manner, CE-CE connectivity checks identify CEs which are reachable from other CEs. Accordingly, such a mechanism allows for route reachability aggregation on a per-CE or per-prefix reachability basis.

Abstract translation: 客户端（CE）到CE设备验证检查从可用的CE启动路由作为一组路径验证消息，目的地是服务于远程VPN的远程CE路由。 包含在路径验证消息的属性之间的扩展团体属性存储始发CE路由器的身份。 路径验证消息通过网络传播，并传输始发CE路由器的身份，因为始发方身份不会被连续路由覆盖。 远程CE收到后，发起者可以从扩展团体属性中确定。 扩展社区属性中还包括另外的可访问性字段，并指示每个CE或每个前缀是否适合所讨论的特定路由。 以这种方式，CE-CE连接检查可以识别可从其他CE接入的CE。 因此，这种机制允许基于每个CE或每个前缀可达性的路由可达性聚合。

公开(公告)号：US20080147843A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-19

申请号：US12041378

申请日：2008-03-03

Applicant: John Galen Scudder ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  David D. Ward

Inventor： John Galen Scudder ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  David D. Ward

IPC: G06F15/173

CPC classification number: H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/22

Abstract: In one embodiment, a router generates a notification message that indicates the router is to be gracefully removed from service. The router sends the notification message to peers of the router in a network. The router then continues to forward packets for a grace period after sending the notification message, to permit backup paths to be propagated to peers, and to be put into service, prior to withdrawal from service of paths through the router. Thereafter, the router is removed from service at the expiration of the grace period.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，路由器生成指示路由器被正常地从服务中移除的通知消息。 路由器向网络中的路由器的对等体发送通知消息。 然后，在发送通知消息之后，路由器继续转发宽带时段，允许将备份路径传播到对等体，并在撤销通过路由器的路径服务之前投入使用。 此后，在宽限期结束时，路由器将从服务中删除。

公开(公告)号：US20080062986A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：US11518383

申请日：2006-09-08

Applicant: Mike Shand ,  Stewart F. Bryant ,  David D. Ward ,  Gargi Nalawade ,  Keyur Patel ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  Robert Raszuk

Inventor： Mike Shand ,  Stewart F. Bryant ,  David D. Ward ,  Gargi Nalawade ,  Keyur Patel ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  Robert Raszuk

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/28

Abstract: An apparatus for providing reachability in a routing domain of a data communications network having as components nodes and links therebetween for a routing domain—external destination address is described. The apparatus is arranged to advertise destination address reachability internally to nodes in the routing domain and associate a reachability category with said internal advertisement of said destination address reachability.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于在数据通信网络的路由域中提供可达性的装置，其具有用于路由域 - 外部目的地地址之间的节点和链路之间的组件。 该装置被布置为在内部向路由域中的节点通告目的地址可达性，并将可达性类别与所述目的地址可达性的所述内部广告相关联。

公开(公告)号：US08543718B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-24

申请号：US11366732

申请日：2006-03-02

Applicant: Reshad A. Rahman ,  David P. Toscano ,  Sylvain Masse ,  David D. Ward ,  Neil R. Ketley

Inventor： Reshad A. Rahman ,  David P. Toscano ,  Sylvain Masse ,  David D. Ward ,  Neil R. Ketley

IPC: G06F15/16 ,  G06F15/173

CPC classification number: H04L43/10 ,  H04L41/0663 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/24 ,  H04L45/245 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/58 ,  H04L45/60 ,  H04Q2011/0081 ,  H04Q2213/13162 ,  Y02D50/30

Abstract: A technique efficiently and dynamically maintains bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) on a bundle of links in a computer network. According to the novel technique, one or more “standby” BFD sessions may be established on one or more corresponding line cards (LCs), the LCs having one or more links of the bundle (bundle links). Once established, one of the standby BFD sessions may be selected as an “active” BFD session based on activity of one of the bundle links of the corresponding LC. Also, BFD messages may be transmitted from one of the bundle links of the active BFD session, e.g., the link receiving BFD messages. In response to inactivity of the transmitting link (e.g., failure, removal, etc.), the active BFD session may switch to another available active bundle link, and if no other active bundle links are available to the active BFD session, one of the standby BFD sessions is selected as the new active BFD session. In the event no other standby BFD sessions exist, the link bundle is determined to have failed.

Abstract translation: 一种技术在计算机网络中的一组链路上有效且动态地维护双向转发检测（BFD）。 根据该新技术，可以在一个或多个对应的线路卡（LC）上建立一个或多个“待机”BFD会话，该LC具有一束或多个链路的链路（束链路）。 一旦建立，其中一个备用BFD会话可以基于对应LC的一个束链路的活动被选为“活动”BFD会话。 此外，可以从活动BFD会话的捆绑链路之一（例如，接收BFD消息的链路）发送BFD消息。 响应发送链路的不活动（例如，故障，删除等），活动BFD会话可能切换到另一个可用的主动捆绑链路，如果活动BFD会话没有其他活动捆绑链路可用，则其中一个 选择备用BFD会话作为新的活动BFD会话。 在没有其他备用BFD会话存在的情况下，链路束被确定为失败。

公开(公告)号：US08223760B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-17

申请号：US12192745

申请日：2008-08-15

Applicant: David D. Ward ,  George Suwala ,  Natarajan Shankar ,  John G. Scudder ,  Andrew Lunstad

Inventor： David D. Ward ,  George Suwala ,  Natarajan Shankar ,  John G. Scudder ,  Andrew Lunstad

IPC: H04L12/50

CPC classification number: H04L45/00 ,  H04L41/0213 ,  H04L41/0233 ,  H04L45/586 ,  H04L49/70

Abstract: Systems and methods include providing a router that may be deployed as multiple logical routers that share a common fast interconnect. These logical routers may functionally serve as core routers, peering routers, aggregation routers, etc. A further aspect of the system and methods is that the resources assigned to a logical router are allocated from a pool potentially including multitude of hardware cards. A further aspect of the system and methods is that a logical router may be independently managed by the owner of the router or by an owner of the logical router.

Abstract translation: 系统和方法包括提供可以部署为共享公共快速互连的多个逻辑路由器的路由器。 这些逻辑路由器可以在功能上用作核心路由器，对等路由器，聚合路由器等。系统和方法的另一方面是分配给逻辑路由器的资源从可能包括大量硬件卡的池中分配。 系统和方法的另一方面是逻辑路由器可以由路由器的所有者或逻辑路由器的所有者独立地管理。

公开(公告)号：US08131873B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-06

申请号：US10983280

申请日：2004-11-05

Applicant: Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  David D. Ward ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Stefano B. Previdi

Inventor： Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  David D. Ward ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Stefano B. Previdi

IPC: G06F15/173

CPC classification number: H04L45/42 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/127 ,  H04L45/44 ,  H04L45/58

Abstract: A technique efficiently selects a Path Computation Element (PCE) to compute a path between nodes of a computer network. The PCE selection technique is illustratively based on dynamic advertisements of the PCE's available path computation resources, using (i) a low-pass filter algorithm to compute such resources, and (ii) threshold determinations to control distribution of those advertisements. To that end, the novel technique enables one or more PCEs to dynamically send (advertise) their available path computation resources to a Path Computation Client (PCC) by way of the controlled advertisements. In addition, the technique enables the PCC to efficiently select a PCE (or set of PCEs) to service a path computation request based upon those available resources.

Abstract translation: 一种技术有效地选择路径计算元素（PCE）来计算计算机网络的节点之间的路径。 PCE选择技术说明性地基于PCE可用路径计算资源的动态广告，使用（i）低通滤波器算法来计算这样的资源，以及（ii）阈值确定以控制这些广告的分布。 为此，新技术使得一个或多个PCE能够通过受控广告动态地向路径计算客户端（PCC）发送（通告）它们的可用路径计算资源。 此外，该技术使得PCC能够基于这些可用资源有效地选择PCE（或一组PCE）来服务路径计算请求。

公开(公告)号：US08068411B2

公开(公告)日：2011-11-29

申请号：US11025179

申请日：2004-12-29

Applicant: Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  David D. Ward

Inventor： Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  David D. Ward

IPC: H04J1/16 ,  H04L1/00

CPC classification number: H04L45/28 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04L45/02

Abstract: A technique for calculating local repair paths through a computer network using one or more dynamically measured parameters in place of, or in addition to, statically assigned cost metrics. The dynamically measured parameters include various statistical measures of resources and attributes associated with data links and/or network nodes in the computer network. In operation, an intermediate node monitors a set of local link and/or node parameters. The node may generate an advertisement in response to at least one of its monitored parameters crossing a predetermined threshold value or changing value by a predetermined percentage or amount. The advertisement is “flooded” so as to advertise the dynamically measured parameter value to other neighboring intermediate nodes. After receiving the advertisement, each node may recalculate one or more local repair paths based on the advertised parameter value. The node may utilize a recalculated repair path if it provides an appreciably lower-cost path, e.g., by a predetermined percentage, as compared with the currently deployed repair path.

Abstract translation: 一种用于通过使用一个或多个动态测量参数来代替静态分配的成本度量来计算通过计算机网络的局部修复路径的技术。 动态测量的参数包括与计算机网络中的数据链路和/或网络节点相关联的资源和属性的各种统计测量。 在运行中，中间节点监视一组本地链路和/或节点参数。 该节点可以响应于其所监视的参数中的至少一个与预定阈值相交或者以预定百分比或数量改变值来生成广告。 广告被“淹没”，以便将动态测量的参数值通告给其他相邻的中间节点。 在接收到广告之后，每个节点可以基于所通告的参数值重新计算一个或多个本地修复路径。 如果节点可以使用重新计算的修复路径，如果其与当前部署的修复路径相比提供了明显较低成本的路径，例如，以预定百分比。

公开(公告)号：US20110280121A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-17

申请号：US12778871

申请日：2010-05-12

Applicant: Sami Boutros ,  Nagi Reddy Jonnala ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  George Swallow ,  David D. Ward

Inventor： Sami Boutros ,  Nagi Reddy Jonnala ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  George Swallow ,  David D. Ward

IPC: H04L12/24 ,  H04L12/26

CPC classification number: H04L41/0677

Abstract: An example method includes detecting a failure at a first network element, the failure is associated with a link between the first network element and a second network element. The method also includes generating a list of network elements to be notified based on the failure, the second network element is included on the list. The method further includes generating an alarm indication signal (AIS) message, the AIS message identifies a plurality of tunnels affected by the failure. The AIS message is communicated to the second network element. In more detailed embodiments, each link between the first network element and the second network element includes a globally unique link identifier, which includes an associated autonomous system number. The globally unique link identifier can represent a string to be associated with the plurality of tunnels, the globally unique link identifier includes a source address and a destination address.

Abstract translation: 示例性方法包括检测第一网络元件的故障，故障与第一网络元件和第二网络元件之间的链路相关联。 该方法还包括基于故障生成要通知的网元的列表，第二网元包括在列表中。 该方法还包括生成报警指示信号（AIS）消息，AIS消息识别受故障影响的多个隧道。 AIS消息被传送到第二网元。 在更详细的实施例中，第一网络元件和第二网络元件之间的每个链路包括全球唯一链接标识符，其包括相关联的自主系统号码。 全球唯一的链路标识符可以表示要与多个隧道相关联的字符串，全球唯一的链路标识符包括源地址和目的地址。