公开(公告)号：US20060041028A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-23

申请号：US11145630

申请日：2005-06-06

Applicant: James Crews

Inventor： James Crews

IPC: B01D17/04 ,  B01D17/05

CPC classification number: B01D17/047 ,  C09K8/52 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K2208/26 ,  C09K2208/30 ,  F17D1/17 ,  Y10S507/921

Abstract: Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities reduced (gels broken) by the direct or indirect action of a composition that contains at least one metal ion source and optionally at least one second source. An optional second source may be a chelating agent where at least one reducing agent source may be additionally optionally used. Another optional component with the metal ion source includes a second, different metal ion source. The breaking composition is believed to directly attack the VES itself, possibly by disaggregating or otherwise attacking the micellar structure of the VES-gelled fluid, and/or possibly by changing the chemical structure of the VES to give two or more products.

公开(公告)号：US20130000903A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-03

申请号：US13236686

申请日：2011-09-20

Applicant: James Crews

Inventor： James Crews

IPC: C04B14/34 ,  E21B33/068 ,  C04B7/00 ,  B28B1/14

CPC classification number: E21B43/025 ,  C04B14/34 ,  C04B28/06 ,  C04B38/04 ,  C09K8/473 ,  E21B33/13 ,  E21B33/138 ,  C04B20/1062 ,  C04B28/02 ,  C04B14/06 ,  C04B2103/0082 ,  C04B2103/10 ,  C04B2103/20 ,  C04B2103/40 ,  C04B2103/408 ,  C04B2103/44 ,  C04B2103/46

Abstract: A pourable aqueous cement composition is disclosed. The cement composition comprises a hydraulic cement, water and a selectively removable material comprising a plurality of selectively corrodible metal powder particles dispersed within the cement or a nanomatrix powder compact, or a combination thereof. An article, including a downhole article, and more particularly a reconfigurable downhole article is disclosed. The article includes a hydraulic cement, wherein the hydraulic cement has at least partially set into a permanent form. The article also includes a selectively removable material dispersed within the cement, the selectively removable material comprising a plurality of selectively corrodible metal powder particles dispersed within the cement or a nanomatrix powder compact, or a combination thereof, wherein the selectively removable material is configured for removal in response to a predetermined wellbore condition.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种可倾倒水性水泥组合物。 水泥组合物包括水硬性水泥，水和选择性可除去的材料，其包括分散在水泥或纳米基质粉末压块内的多个选择性腐蚀性金属粉末颗粒或其组合。 公开了一种包括井下制品，更具体地可重构的井下制品的物品。 该制品包括水硬性水泥，其中水硬性水泥至少部分地被固定成永久形式。 该制品还包括分散在水泥中的选择性可除去的材料，所述选择性可除去的材料包括分散在水泥或纳米基质粉末压块或其组合中的多个选择性可腐蚀的金属粉末颗粒，其中所述选择性可除去的材料构造成用于去除 响应于预定的井筒状况。

公开(公告)号：US20080051302A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-28

申请号：US11849820

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: James CREWS ,  Tianping HUANG ,  James TREADWAY ,  John WILLINGHAM

Inventor： James CREWS ,  Tianping HUANG ,  James TREADWAY ,  John WILLINGHAM

IPC: C09K8/05

CPC classification number: C09K8/602 ,  C09K8/665 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K8/74 ,  C09K8/845 ,  C09K8/86 ,  C09K2208/10 ,  C09K2208/30

Abstract: An aqueous, viscoelastic fluid gelled with a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) is stabilized and improved with an effective amount of an alkali earth metal oxide alkali earth metal hydroxide, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal hydroxides transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, post-transition metal oxides, and post-transition metal hydroxides. These fluids are more stable and have a reduced or no tendency to precipitate, particularly at elevated temperatures. The additives may reduce the amount of VES required to maintain a given viscosity. These stabilized, enhanced, aqueous viscoelastic fluids may be used as treatment fluids for subterranean hydrocarbon formations, such as in hydraulic fracturing. The particle size of the magnesium oxide or other agent may be nanometer scale, which scale may provide unique particle charges that use chemisorption, crosslinking and/or other chemistries to associate and stabilize the VES fluids.

Abstract translation: 用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）凝胶化的水性粘弹性流体通过有效量的碱土金属氧化物碱土金属氢氧化物，碱金属氧化物，碱金属氢氧化物过渡金属氧化物，过渡金属氢氧化物，转变后稳定和改善 金属氧化物和过渡后金属氢氧化物。 这些流体更稳定，并且具有降低或没有沉淀的倾向，特别是在升高的温度下。 添加剂可以减少维持给定粘度所需的VES的量。 这些稳定的，增强的水性粘弹性流体可以用作地下烃地层的处理流体，例如在水力压裂中。 氧化镁或其他试剂的粒度可以是纳米级，其规模可以提供使用化学吸附，交联和/或其它化学物质来缔合和稳定VES流体的独特的颗粒电荷。

公开(公告)号：US20080060812A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：US11755581

申请日：2007-05-30

Applicant: Tianping Huang ,  James Crews ,  James Treadway

Inventor： Tianping Huang ,  James Crews ,  James Treadway

IPC: E21B43/26 ,  C09K8/76

CPC classification number: C09K8/665 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K2208/30

Abstract: Alkaline earth metal compounds may be fluid loss control agents for viscoelastic surfactant (VES) fluids used for well completion or stimulation in hydrocarbon recovery operations. The VES fluid may further include proppant or gravel, if it is intended for use as a fracturing fluid or a gravel packing fluid, although such uses do not require that the fluid contain proppant or gravel. The fluid loss control agents may include, but not be limited to, oxides and hydroxides of alkaline earth metal, and in one case magnesium oxide where the particle size of the magnesium oxide is between 1 nanometer to 0.4 millimeter. The fluid loss agent appears to associate with the VES micelles and together form a novel pseudo-filter cake crosslinked-like viscous fluid layer that limits further VES fluid flow into the porous media. The fluid loss control agent solid particles may be added along with VES fluids.

Abstract translation: 碱土金属化合物可以是用于油气回收操作中完井或刺激的粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）流体的流体损失控制剂。 VES流体可以进一步包括支撑剂或砾石，如果它旨在用作压裂流体或砾石填充流体，尽管这样的用途不需要流体包含支撑剂或砾石。 流体损失控制剂可以包括但不限于碱土金属的氧化物和氢氧化物，在一种情况下，可以包括氧化镁的粒度在1纳米到0.4毫米之间的氧化镁。 流体损失剂似乎与VES胶束缔合，并一起形成了一种新型的伪滤饼交联状粘性流体层，其限制了进一步的VES流体流入多孔介质。 流体损失控制剂固体颗粒可以与VES流体一起加入。

公开(公告)号：US20070299142A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-27

申请号：US11849799

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: James Crews ,  Tianping Huang

Inventor： James Crews ,  Tianping Huang

IPC: B01D17/05

CPC classification number: C09K8/584 ,  C09K8/602 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K2208/26 ,  C09K2208/30

Abstract: Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities reduced (gels broken) by the direct or indirect action of an internal breaker composition that contains at least one mineral oil, at least one polyalphaolefin oil, at least one saturated fatty acid and/or at least one unsaturated fatty acid. The internal breaker may initially be dispersed oil droplets in an internal, discontinuous phase of the fluid. In one non-limiting embodiment, the internal breaker, e.g. mineral oil, is added to the fluid after it has been substantially gelled. An oil-soluble surfactant is present to enhance or accelerate the reduction of viscosity of the gelled aqueous fluid.

Abstract translation: 用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）粘稠的流体可以通过含有至少一种矿物油，至少一种聚α-烯烃油，至少一种饱和脂肪酸和/或其混合物的内部破碎剂组合物的直接或间接作用使其粘度降低（凝胶破裂） 或至少一种不饱和脂肪酸。 内部破碎机最初可以将油滴分散在流体的内部不连续相中。 在一个非限制性实施例中，内部断路器，例如， 矿物油在其已基本凝胶化之后加入到流体中。 存在油溶性表面活性剂以增强或加速胶凝水性流体的粘度降低。

公开(公告)号：US20060281167A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-14

申请号：US11438856

申请日：2006-05-23

Applicant: James Crews

Inventor： James Crews

IPC: C02F3/34

CPC classification number: C09K8/68 ,  C09K8/605 ,  C09K2208/24 ,  C09K2208/30

Abstract: It has been discovered that fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities reduced (gels broken) by the direct or indirect action of a biochemical agent, such as bacteria, fungi, and/or enzymes. The biochemical agent may directly attack the VES itself, or some other component in the fluid that produces a by-product that then causes viscosity reduction. The biochemical agent may disaggregate or otherwise attack the micellar structure of the VES-gelled fluid. The biochemical agent may produce an enzyme that reduces viscosity by one of these mechanisms. A single biochemical agent may operate simultaneously by two different mechanisms, such as by degrading the VES directly, as well as another component, such as a glycol, the latter mechanism in turn producing a by-product (e.g. an alcohol) that causes viscosity reduction. Alternatively, two or more different biochemical agents may be used simultaneously. In a specific, non-limiting instance, a brine fluid gelled with an amine oxide surfactant can have its viscosity broken with bacteria such as Enterobacter colacae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the like.

Abstract translation: 已经发现，用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）粘稠的流体可以通过生物化学试剂例如细菌，真菌和/或酶的直接或间接作用使其粘度降低（凝胶破裂）。 生化剂可能会直接攻击VES本身，或者产生副产物的液体中的一些其它组分，从而导致粘度降低。 生物化学试剂可能分解或以其他方式攻击VES胶凝液体的胶束结构。 生物化学试剂可以产生通过这些机制之一降低粘度的酶。 单一生物化学试剂可以通过两种不同的机制同时操作，例如直接降解VES，以及另一种组分如二醇，后一种机制又产生引起粘度降低的副产物（例如醇） 。 或者，可以同时使用两种或更多种不同的生物化学试剂。 在具体的非限制性实例中，用氧化胺表面活性剂凝胶化的盐水溶液可以使其粘度用细菌如肠杆菌（Enterobacter colacae），荧光假单胞菌（Pseudomonas fluorescens），绿脓假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）等破坏。

公开(公告)号：US20060027369A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-09

申请号：US11141492

申请日：2005-05-31

Applicant: Perry Baycroft ,  Allen Gabrysch ,  James Crews ,  Paul McElfresh

Inventor： Perry Baycroft ,  Allen Gabrysch ,  James Crews ,  Paul McElfresh

IPC: E21B43/27

CPC classification number: C09K8/68 ,  C09K8/52 ,  C09K2208/22 ,  C09K2208/30 ,  C10L7/00

Abstract: An aqueous, viscoelastic fluid gelled with a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) is inhibited against hydrate formation with an effective amount of an additive that could be one or more halide salts of alkali metals and alkali earth metals, formate salts, alcohols, glycols, glycol amines, sugars, sugar alcohols, amidoamine oxides, polymers such as polyamines, polyvinylpyrrolidones and derivatives thereof, polyvinyl alcohols and derivatives thereof, polycaprolactams and derivatives thereof, hydroxyethylcellulose, and mixtures thereof. These fluids are inhibited against hydrate formation and may have increased viscosity as well. The additives may increase viscosity to the point where less VES is required to maintain a given viscosity. These inhibited, aqueous, viscoelastic fluids may be used as treatment fluids for subterranean hydrocarbon formations, such as in stimulation treatments, e.g. hydraulic fracturing fluids.

Abstract translation: 用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）凝胶化的水性粘弹性流体用有效量的添加剂抑制水合物形成，所述添加剂可以是碱金属和碱土金属，甲酸盐，醇，二醇，乙二胺的一种或多种卤化物盐 糖，糖醇，酰胺胺氧化物，聚胺如聚胺，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮及其衍生物，聚乙烯醇及其衍生物，聚己内酰胺及其衍生物，羟乙基纤维素及其混合物。 这些流体被抑制以形成水合物，并且粘度也可以增加。 这些添加剂可能会增加粘度以维持给定粘度所需的较少VES。 这些被抑制的含水粘弹性流体可以用作地下烃地层的处理流体，例如在刺激处理中。 水力压裂液。

公开(公告)号：US09637680B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-02

申请号：US13736519

申请日：2013-01-08

Applicant: James Crews ,  Othon R. Monteiro

Inventor： James Crews ,  Othon R. Monteiro

IPC: E21B43/22 ,  E21B43/02 ,  E21B33/138 ,  C09K8/57 ,  E21B43/16 ,  C09K8/504

CPC classification number: C09K8/572 ,  C09K8/5045 ,  E21B33/138 ,  E21B43/025 ,  E21B43/16

Abstract: A method of reducing the presence of particles in a downhole environment, comprising contacting sediment particles contained in a downhole environment, with a composition comprising: a metallic composition, an inorganic oxide-based polymer, and a solvent; the contacting occurring in the presence of a fluid capable of decomposing the metallic composition.

公开(公告)号：US20130175037A1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-11

申请号：US13736519

申请日：2013-01-08

Applicant: James Crews ,  Othon R. Monteiro

Inventor： James Crews ,  Othon R. Monteiro

IPC: C09K8/57 ,  E21B43/16

CPC classification number: C09K8/572 ,  C09K8/5045 ,  E21B33/138 ,  E21B43/025 ,  E21B43/16

Abstract: A method of reducing the presence of particles in a downhole environment, comprising contacting sediment particles contained in a downhole environment, with a composition comprising: a metallic composition, an inorganic oxide-based polymer, and a solvent; the contacting occurring in the presence of a fluid capable of decomposing the metallic composition

Abstract translation: 一种在井下环境中减少颗粒存在的方法，包括将包含在井下环境中的沉淀物颗粒与包含金属组合物，无机氧化物基聚合物和溶剂的组合物接触; 在存在能够分解金属组合物的流体的情况下发生接触

公开(公告)号：US20080087432A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-17

申请号：US11828784

申请日：2007-07-26

Applicant: William Wood ,  James Crews

Inventor： William Wood ,  James Crews

IPC: C09K8/60

CPC classification number: C09K8/68 ,  C09K8/602 ,  C09K8/882 ,  C09K8/90 ,  C09K2208/30

Abstract: Adding relatively low molecular weight water-soluble friction loss reduction polymers to an aqueous fluid gelled with a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) increases the critical generalized Reynold's number at which the Fanning friction factor increases and friction pressure starts to increase rapidly. The water-soluble polymeric friction loss reduction additives lower surface pumping pressure in VES-gelled fracturing fluids for a given pump rate, thus lowering hydraulic horsepower (HHP) requirements for pumping fluids downhole, e.g. for hydraulic fracturing or frac packing treatments of subterranean formations.

Abstract translation: 将相对低分子量的水溶性摩擦损耗降低聚合物加入到用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）凝胶化的水性流体中增加了Fanning摩擦系数增加并且摩擦压力开始快速增加的临界广义雷诺数。 水溶性聚合物摩擦损失降低添加剂在给定的泵送速率下在VES凝胶化压裂液中降低表面泵送压力，从而降低了用于泵送井下液体的液压马力（HHP）要求。 用于地下地层的水力压裂或压裂填料处理。