Abstract:
An apparatus and a method of detecting an error symbol in a data storage apparatus so that an error correcting performance of an error correction decoder. The error symbol detecting apparatus includes an equalizer equalizing a signal transmitted to a channel using a channel equalization characteristic that is suitable for a corresponding system, a data detector to detect data from the signal output from the equalizer, a modeling tool designed to have the same characteristics corresponding to a partial response (PR) target polynomial applied to the system, a correlation evaluation information generating unit to generate correlation evaluation information based on a correlation degree between an actual output of the equalizer and a target output of the modeling tool, and an error symbol determination unit to determine an order of probability of error generation of the symbols based on the correlation evaluation information, and to determine a predetermined number of symbols having a high probability of generating errors corresponding to the order of probability of error generation as error generating symbols.
Abstract:
A Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) combining method and apparatus for Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) in a wireless communication system for reducing a number of the LLR bits of previous packet stored for LLR combining are provided. The LLR combining apparatus includes an LLR combiner for combining a first LLR of a currently received packet and a second LLR of a previously received packet, an LLR buffer for storing the second LLR and a first packet exponent for recovering the second LLR in the same size as the first LLR, and an HARQ controller for determining whether the currently received packet is a retransmission packet or an initial transmission packet, and for controlling the LLR combiner to generate a third LLR by combining the first and second LLRs for the retransmission packet and to bypass the initial transmission packet.
Abstract:
A method of determining a head characteristic, i.e. determining whether a head has a write characteristic stronger or weaker than that of a normal write head, and a recording medium suitable to perform the method. The method includes detecting a first error rate by writing data and then reading the written data without control pole tip protrusion (PTP) contralto compensate for thermal pole tip protrusion (TPTP) in a state where the head is fully cooled, detecting a second error rate by writing data and then reading the written data with the PTP control in the state where the head is fully cooled, calculating a difference between the first error rate and the second error rate, and determining based on the calculated error rate difference whether the head is a strong write head having a stronger write characteristic than that of the normal write head or a weak write head having a weaker write characteristic than that of the normal write head. Accordingly, since an adjacent track write (ATW) problem, which may occur due to a narrow gap between adjacent tracks, and a weak write problem, which may occur due to a short media recording length per data bit, can be simultaneously considered, high reliability can be secured in terms of recording and reproducing in an HDD.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing an image sensor. The method includes forming a polysilicon layer on a semiconductor substrate having an active region, forming a sacrificial layer on the polysilicon layer, forming a photoresist pattern on the sacrificial layer, implanting conductive impurities onto the polysilicon layer using the photoresist pattern as an ion implantation mask, removing the photoresist pattern, and removing the sacrificial layer from the polysilicon layer, thereby removing photoresist residues remaining on the sacrificial layer.
Abstract:
Optimal write current of a data storage device is determined by writing test data with an initial write condition and evaluating a performance related to the pole tip protrusion (PTP) of a magnetic head. A PTP control duration is determined as a duration between where the test data is initially written and where a performance evaluation value begins to satisfy a threshold criterion. An overshoot value of a PTP control signal that determines an overshoot amplitude of a write current and a PTP control duration are determined by for writing subsequent data such that PTP-related data errors are substantially constant regardless of write time.
Abstract:
The nanoparticle electroluminescence device includes: a front electrode formed of a transparent conductive material; a rear electrode formed of a conductive material; and an emitting layer interposed between the front electrode and the rear electrode and comprising a plurality of nanoparticles having a core/shell structure comprising a core formed of silicon and a shell formed of silicon oxide or silicon nitride on the surface of the core.
Abstract:
Provided is a handover method of a wireless communication system using a hierarchical cellular scheme. In the method, signal quality of a serving node is measured, so that whether to start scanning for a handover is determined. When the scanning for the handover starts, signal qualities of a serving cell including the serving node and one or more neighbor cells are measured through a first preamble including a first identifier for distinguishing a cell. An intra-cell handover or an inter-cell handover is selected using the signal qualities of the serving cell and the neighbor cells. Therefore, a terminal can easily distinguish between the inter-cell handover and the intra-cell handover, and an overhead during a handover can be reduced because an intra-cell handover procedure is simplified.
Abstract:
A receiver and a receiving method for a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) system are provided. The receiver includes a matrix selector for selecting a constant channel matrix according to a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) reception scheme, a channel equalizer for equalizing a multi-path channel to a specific path channel in a frequency domain by using the constant channel matrix, and a MIMO detector for detecting a Euclidean distance of transmittable symbols from a time-domain Transmit (Tx) signal by using the channel equalized in the frequency domain and then for selecting a symbol having a minimum distance.
Abstract:
Provided is a nonvolatile memory device and a method of manufacturing the same. The nonvolatile memory device includes a semiconductor substrate on which a source, a drain, and a channel region are formed, a tunneling oxide film formed on the channel region, a floating gate formed of a fullerene material on the tunneling oxide, a blocking oxide film formed on the floating gate, and a gate electrode formed on the blocking oxide film.