摘要:
An improved method of preparing a catalyst from a catalyst precursor concentrate is provided. The catalyst precursor concentrate, which is preferably phosphomolybdic acid, is treated at relatively low pressures in a specified manner.
摘要:
A catalyst is prepared by heating the reaction product of CrO.sub.3 and tert-butyl alcohol as catalyst precursor in a hydrocarbon medium in the presence of hydrogen sulfide to convert the catalyst precursor to a solid chromium-containing catalyst. Hydroconversion processes utilizing the catalyst to convert oil, coal, and mixtures thereof are also provided.
摘要:
Carbonaceous feeds such as hydrocarbonaceous oils and coal are hydroconverted in the presence of a combination of a hydrogen halide and a metal-containing catalyst produced in situ in the feed. The hydrogen halide is present in an amount to provide from about 0.1 to 20 moles of hydrogen halide per atom of the metal constituent of the catalyst to increase the activity of the catalyst.
摘要:
In the hydroconversion of carbonaceous materials such as hydrocarbonaceous oils and coal or mixtures thereof, in which inorganic poly acids comprising molybdenum or tungsten or salts thereof are used as catalyst precursors which are converted to catalysts, the use of a combination of phosphoric acid and said poly acids or salts thereof as catalyst precursor wherein the amount of phosphoric acid is such as to provide from about 0.5 to about 3.5 atoms of phosphorus per atom of molybdenum or tungsten results in a catalyst having improved activity.
摘要:
A process for the simultaneous desulfurization and hydroconversion of heavy carbonaceous feeds, including various sulfur-containing heavy petroleum oils, is disclosed. These feedstocks are contacted with potassium sulfide in a conversion zone maintained at elevated temperatures and in the presence of added hydrogen. In this manner, the feeds are substantially desulfurized, and significant upgrading of these feeds is also obtained as demonstrated by decreased Conradson carbon, increased API gravity, and the conversion of substantial portion of the 1,050.degree. F.+ portion of these feeds. In a preferred embodiment, such a process is disclosed employing a combination of potassium sulfide and sodium sulfide, and in particular these processes include procedures for the regeneration of the sulfides and their recycle to the conversion zone.
摘要:
A heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil is converted to lower boiling products by treatment with hydrogen in the presence of a particulate acidic copper chloride catalyst.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for desulfurizing heavy oil feedstreams with alkali metal compounds and improving the compatibility of the to stream components in either the feed stream, an intermediate product stream, and/or the reaction product stream in the desulfurization process. The present invention utilizes a high stability aromatic-containing stream that is preferably added to the heavy oil prior to reaction with the alkali metal compounds. The resulting stream resists precipitation of reaction solids in the desulfurization reactors. Even more preferably, the desulfurization system employs at least two desulfurization reactors in series flow wherein the high stability aromatic-containing stream is contacted with the reaction product from the first reactor prior to the second reactor, wherein the first reactor can be operated at a higher severity than without the use of the high stability aromatic-containing component stream.
摘要:
A slurry hydroprocessing process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock containing nitrogen and sulfur using bulk multimetallic catalyst comprised of at least one Group VIII non-noble metal and at least two Group VIB metals wherein the ratio of Group VIB metal to Group VIII metal is about 10:1 to about 1:10.
摘要:
An integrated fluid coking/paraffin dehydrogenation process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor and a heater with hot solids recycling between the coker reactor and the heater. A light paraffin stream is introduced into the line wherein the hot particles are recycled to the coking zone. The hot particles act to catalyze the dehydrogenation of the paraffins to olefins.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method which combines catalytic cracking and olefin production using a coked catalytic cracking catalyst to dehydrogenate an alkane feed stream and form an olefin rich product stream. Preferably, the coked catalytic cracking catalyst has a carbon content of about 0.2-10 wt. %. The catalyst preferably comprises a crystalline tetrahedral framework oxide component.