摘要:
A separator for separating solid particles from a hot gas stream comprises a cyclone chamber having an axial gas outlet conduit. The outlet conduit is formed by a plurality of cooling tubes defining between the tubes a plurality of passages for the gas. The outlet conduit is connected to an opening in one or both ends of the cyclone chamber. Solids are separated by centrifugal forces as the gas flows in a curved path in the cyclone chamber and by inertia forces as the gas changes direction to flow into the outlet conduit.
摘要:
A simple yet effective method and apparatus control the temperature within a fluidized bed reactor within a desired range (e.g. about 800.degree.-950.degree. C.). Particulate solids in the off-gases from the combustion chamber of the reactor are separated out, and pass through one or more of a plurality of return conduits back to the combustion chamber. The temperature of the returning solids is controlled by positively cooling them, utilizing heat exchangers, within one or more of the conduits, and by controlling which of the conduits the solids flow through. Valves at the top of the conduits can control the flow of solids into the conduits. Alternatively U-shaped passageways at the bottom of the conduits between them and the combustion chamber can have fluidizing air injected therein, the injected air controlling the flow of solids out of the conduits into the combustion chamber.
摘要:
A method of treating materials in a fluidized bed reactor, wherein the material to be treated is brought into contact with hot particles removed from the flue gases coming from the fluidized bed reactor to bring about chemical and/or thermal reactions in the material before it is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor together with recycled particles. Useful components may be recovered in the form of gases, solids or liquids in connection with this treatment.
摘要:
A fluidized bed reactor uses fluid conduits for supplying fluids (such as liquid, gaseous, or fine solid material in suspension fuels), into a reactor chamber. The fluid conduits extend horizontally from, and substantially perpendicularly to, a side wall into the reactor chamber. The fluid conduits are disposed at a level (e.g. about 100-1000 mm) above the fluidizing gas nozzles in the bottom of the reactor chamber. An upright partition, preferably of refractory material, covers the fluid conduits.
摘要:
The invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a particle separator (9) having a horizontal vortex chamber (23). The separator is preferably disposed on top of the combustion chamber (5). The pipes (25) discharging gas from the vortex chamber have been connected to openings (24) disposed on the periphery (19) of the vortex chamber.
摘要:
A fluidized bed reactor e.g. for the burning of fuels of different calorific values. The bottom part of the combustion chamber is divided into an outer and an inner fluidization zone by a partition wall adjacent to the distributor plate. Heat transfer surfaces are disposed in the outer fluidization zone. Heat can be withdrawn from the outer fluidization zone which is activated when burning fuel having a high calorific value. When burning fuel of lower calorific value the outer fluidization zone is not operated. The inner fluidization zone will be in operation in both cases. The supply of fluidizing gas to the second fluidization zone is controlled in order to maintain predetermined conditions in this zone.
摘要:
A fluidized bed reactor which is capable of burning material containing incombustible matter which during operation accumulates in the form of large particles in the lower part of the reactor, is provided. A discharge system which causes coarse particles to be discharged in a continuous manner without discharging fine particles or combustible matter is provided. The discharge means comprises a discharge compartment connected to an outlet of the distributor plate of the reactor. An upward flow pipe is centrally disposed in the discharge compartment. Air is supplied to the lower part of the discharge compartment. Coarse particles are withdrawn from the discharge compartment through a discharge pipe. Fine particles are blown back to the reactor through the upward flow pipe.
摘要:
Fluidized bed reactor method and apparatus for removal of coarse material from the reactor. The apparatus comprises a discharge device including a substantially vertical pipe portion connected at one end with an outlet opening in the reactor grid, and at another end to an aeration chamber containing a discharge opening located below the level of the grid outlet opening; and a device for supplying pressurized air in short blasts of 30 to 100 milliseconds, preferably at pressures of from 2.5 to 7.0 bar, into the aeration chamber in the direction of the discharge opening to remove the coarse material from the reactor. Low pressure fluidizing air may be supplied to the vertical pipe portion as well as the aeration chamber to return small particles in the discharge device to the fluidization zone of the reactor.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus for separating coarse and fine solid particles from flue gases in a circulating fluidized bed reactor provide for flue gases to be led to a cyclone separator, located adjacent the reactor. A discharge opening is provided in the lower portion of the separator, opening into a suction chamber interposed between the discharge opening and a return duct. Coarse particles are returned to the reactor via the return duct while fine particles are pulled into a suction pipe connected to the suction chamber, and are then returned to the reactor separately from the coarse particles. At the same time, a minor portion of the flue gases are removed through the discharge opening in the separator with the solid particles and returned to the reactor. The major portion of the flue gases is discharged through an opening in the upper portion of the separator.
摘要:
The invention comprises a circulating fluidized bed boiler having a vertical combustion chamber and a convection part which at least partly are formed by tube walls, and a horizontal cyclone separator, the gas inlet channel of which is connected to the upper part of the combustion chamber and a return channel for solids to the lower part of the combustion chamber. In order to accomplish a compact construction, the cyclone separator has been located on top of the combustion chamber and two opposite tube walls of the combustion chamber and possibly also one tube wall of the convection part have been used to form the cyclone separator.