摘要:
A hybrid cardiac pacemaker in which the operation of the device is controlled by hardware-based controller as supervised by a microprocessor-based controller. The hardware-based controller comprises a plurality of timers that expire when they reach timer limit values stored in registers updatable by the microprocessor, and a combinational logic array for causing the device to generate pace outputs in accordance with timer expirations and sense signals. The combinational logic array may operate the pacemaker in a number of programmed modes in accordance with a mode value stored in a mode control register by the microprocessor.
摘要:
A cardiac rhythm management system includes techniques for computing an indicated pacing interval, AV delay, or other timing interval. In one embodiment, a variable indicated pacing interval is computed based at least in part on an underlying intrinsic heart rate. The indicated pacing interval is used to time the delivery of biventricular coordination therapy even when ventricular heart rates are irregular, such as in the presence of atrial fibrillation. In another embodiment, a variable filter indicated AV interval is computed based at least in part on an underlying intrinsic AV interval. The indicated AV interval is used to time the delivery of atrial tracking biventricular coordination therapy when atrial heart rhythms are not arrhythmic. Other indicated timing intervals may be similarly determined. The indicated pacing interval, AV delay, or other timing interval can also be used in combination with a sensor indicated rate indicator.
摘要:
A method is disclosed for optimizing the bandwidth of a radio receiver cale of receiving widely varying input data rates. The method may be utilized with known superheterodyne receivers having certain modifications to allow for the ability to vary the intermediate frequency and the center frequency of the associated bandpass filters over a continuous range of values. The method includes the steps of determining the optimum intermediate frequency bandwidth for a given input data rate, adjusting a tunable bandwidth filter to a center frequency which is a predetermined multiple of the desired intermediate frequency bandwidth, and producing an intermediate frequency equal to the tuned frequency of the filter.
摘要:
Biventricular-triggered pacing is a pacing mode that can employ in cardiac resynchronization pacing at elevated heart rates. Described herein are methods and devices for implementing biventricular pacing in the context of multi-site left ventricular pacing.
摘要:
Biventricular-triggered pacing is a pacing mode that can employ in cardiac resynchronization pacing at elevated heart rates. Described herein are methods and devices for implementing biventricular pacing in the context of multi-site left ventricular pacing.
摘要:
A device and method for cardiac rhythm management in which a heart chamber is paced in accordance with a pacing mode that employs sense signals from the opposite chamber. A sensing refractory period is provided in order to prevent the pacing interval from being lengthened due to delays in conduction of excitation from the paced chamber to the sensed chamber.
摘要:
An apparatus and method of manufacturing a laser print head include the steps of mounting a laser array (70) on a print head block (80), measuring misalignment of the laser array (70) to determine a correction factor, mounting a cylinder lens (20) on a cylinder lens holder (25), inducing a predetermined bend into the cylinder lens (20) corresponding to the correction factor by allowing the cylinder lens (20) to sag on upright posts (26) of the cylinder lens holder (25), attaching the cylinder lens (20) to a sub-mount (30), attaching flexures (50) to the sub-mount (30), aligning the cylinder lens (20) to the laser array (70), and attaching the flexures (50) to the print head block (80). The bend in the cylinder lens corrects for misalignment in the laser array (70) so that the array of spots at the image plane is in an approximately straight line. In one embodiment, the sub-mount and cylinder lens have approximately the same thermal coefficient of expansion.
摘要:
This document discusses, among other things, an apparatus comprising an atrial sensing circuit, a ventricular sensing circuit and an atrioventricular (AV) delay adjustment circuit. The atrial sensing circuit detects a first fast atrial pace that concludes a timing interval that is shorter than or equal to a first threshold value. The ventricular sensing circuit detects a first condition that comprises a sensed intrinsic first fast ventricular contraction that occurs within a specified first period of a most recently detected first fast atrial pace. The fast ventricular contraction concludes a timing interval that is shorter than or equal to a second threshold value. The AV delay adjustment circuit attempts to decrease an AV delay at least in part in response to detecting the first condition. Other apparatuses and methods are disclosed.
摘要:
A device and method for improving tachyarrhythmia detection when the ventricles are resynchronized by delivering paces to both ventricles separated by a specified offset interval. Timing of escape intervals and tachyarrhythmia detection is based upon senses from one of the ventricles designated as a rate ventricle. A reversion pacing mode is provided in order to prevent tachyarrhythmia detection from being compromised when the rate ventricle is paced after the other ventricle.
摘要:
A cardiac rhythm management device includes a dual chamber pacemaker, especially designed for treating congestive heart failure by pacing a plurality of sites. The device incorporates a program microcontroller which is operative to adjust the pacing mode and inter-site delay of the pacemaker so as to achieve optimum hemodynamic performance. Atrial cycle lengths measured during transient (immediate) time intervals following a change in the mode inter-site delay are signal processed and a determination can then be made as to which particular configuration yields the optimum performance. Performance is optimized when the patient is at rest and when the patient exercises so that a rate-adapted dynamic value of the optimum performance can be applied.