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    Apparatus having an array of piezoelectric film sensors for measuring parameters of a process flow within a pipe
    11.
    发明授权
    Apparatus having an array of piezoelectric film sensors for measuring parameters of a process flow within a pipe 有权
    具有用于测量管道内的工艺流程的参数的压电膜传感器阵列的装置

    公开(公告)号：US07474966B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-01-06

    申请号：US11521627

    申请日：2006-09-14

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Douglas Loose ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Douglas Loose ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G06F19/00

    CPC分类号： G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74

    摘要： A apparatus 10,110,170 is provided that measures the speed of sound and/or vortical disturbances propagating in a single phase fluid flow and/or multiphase mixture to determine parameters, such as mixture quality, particle size, vapor/mass ratio, liquid/vapor ratio, mass flow rate, enthalpy and volumetric flow rate of the flow in a pipe, by measuring acoustic and/or dynamic pressures. The apparatus includes a spatial array of unsteady pressure sensors 15-18 placed at predetermined axial locations x1-xN disposed axially along the pipe 14. The pressure sensors 15-18 provide acoustic pressure signals P1(t)-PN(t) to a signal processing unit 30 which determines the speed of sound amix propagating through of the process flow 12 flowing in the pipe 14. The pressure sensors are piezoelectric film sensors that are mounted or clamped onto the outer surface of the pipe at the respective axial location.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种装置10,110,170，其测量在单相流体流和/或多相混合物中传播的声速和/或涡流干扰的速度，以确定参数，例如混合质量，粒度，蒸气/质量比，液体/蒸气比， 质量流量，管道中流量的焓和体积流量，通过测量声学和/或动态压力。 该装置包括放置在沿管14轴向设置的预定轴向位置x1-xN处的不稳定压力传感器15-18的空间阵列。压力传感器15-18向信号提供声压信号P1（t）-PN（t） 处理单元30，其确定在管14中流动的工艺流程12传播的声音amix的速度。压力传感器是压电膜传感器，其在相应的轴向位置处安装或夹紧在管的外表面上。

    Apparatus having a multi-band sensor assembly for measuring a parameter of a fluid flow flowing within a pipe
    12.
    发明授权
    Apparatus having a multi-band sensor assembly for measuring a parameter of a fluid flow flowing within a pipe 有权
    具有用于测量在管内流动的流体流的参数的多波段传感器组件的装置

    公开(公告)号：US07146864B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

    申请号：US10795111

    申请日：2004-03-04

    申请人： James Sullivan ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Richard Niezgorski

    发明人： James Sullivan ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Richard Niezgorski

    IPC分类号： G01F1/34

    CPC分类号： G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/662 ,  G01F1/666 ,  G01F1/7082

    摘要： An apparatus measures the speed of sound and/or vortical disturbances propagating in a fluid flow to determine a parameter of the flow propagating through a pipe. The apparatus includes a sensing device that includes an array of pressure sensors used to measure the acoustic and convective pressure variations in the flow to determine a desired parameter. The sensing device includes a unitary strap having a plurality of bands disposed parallel to each other. The bands are interconnected by cross members to maintain the bands a predetermined distance apart. Each of the bands having a strip of piezoelectric film material mounted along a substantial length of the bands. The piezoelectric film material provides a signal indicative of the unsteady pressures within the pipe. The sensing device includes a conductive shield around the multi-band strap and the piezoelectric film material to provide a grounding shield.

    摘要翻译： 一种装置测量在流体流中传播的声音和/或涡流干扰的速度以确定通过管道传播的流的参数。 该装置包括感测装置，其包括用于测量流中的声学和对流压力变化的压力传感器阵列，以确定期望的参数。 感测装置包括具有彼此平行布置的多个带的整体带。 带通过横向构件相互连接，以将带保持预定距离。 每个带具有沿带的相当长度安装的压电薄膜材料条。 压电膜材料提供指示管内不稳定压力的信号。 感测装置包括围绕多带带的导电屏蔽和压电膜材料以提供接地屏蔽。

    Strain-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor
    14.
    发明授权
    Strain-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor 有权
    应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06865194B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-08

    申请号：US09455866

    申请日：1999-12-06

    申请人： Christopher J. Wright ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Christopher J. Wright ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01K11/32 ,  H01S3/30 ,  G01N21/00

    CPC分类号： G01K11/32

    摘要： A strain-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical sensing element 20,600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 disposed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating 12 disposed therein, which senses temperature changes but is substantially not sensitive to strains on the element caused by the fiber or other effects. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength λ1. The shape of the sensing element 20,600 may be other geometries and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used or more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the element 20,600 may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, disposed therein to form a temperature tunable laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150,152 may be constructed as a temperature tunable DFB laser disposed in the element. Also, the element may have an inner or outer tapered regions 22,27, respectively, to provide strain relief and/or added pull strength for the fiber 10. Further, the fiber 10 and the tube 20 may be made of different coefficients of thermal expansion for increased sensitivity.

    摘要翻译： 应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学传感元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有布置在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该布拉格光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分内并且熔合到玻璃毛细管20和/ 大直径波导光栅600具有芯和宽包层并且其中布置有光栅12，其感测温度变化，但对由纤维或其它效应引起的元件上的应变基本上不敏感。 光14入射在光栅12上，光16以反射波长λ1反射。 感测元件20,600的形状可以是其他几何形状，和/或可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，或者可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。 元件20,600的至少一部分可以被掺杂在放置在其中的一对光栅150,152之间以形成温度可调激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可以被构造为设置在元件中的温度可调谐DFB激光器。 此外，元件可以分别具有内部或外部锥形区域22,27，以为纤维10提供应变消除和/或增加的拉伸强度。此外，纤维10和管子20可以由不同的热系数 扩大灵敏度提高。

    Bragg grating pressure sensor
    17.
    发明授权
    Bragg grating pressure sensor 有权
    布拉格光栅压力传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06422084B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-07-23

    申请号：US09455867

    申请日：1999-12-06

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01L900

    CPC分类号： G01L11/025

    摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical sensing element 20, 600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected from the grating 12 at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The sensing element 20, 600 may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing 48, 60, 90, 270, 300. When external pressure P increases, the grating 12 is compressed and the reflection wavelength &lgr;1 changes. The shape of the sensing element 20, 600 may have other geometries, e.g., a “dogbone” shape, so as to enhance the sensitivity of shift in &lgr;1 due to applied external pressure and may be fused to an outer shell 50. At least a portion of the sensing element may be doped between a pair of gratings 150, 152, to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150, 152 may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the axial ends of element 20, 600 where the fiber 10 exits the tube 20 may have an inner tapered region 22 and/or a protruding tapered (or fluted) axial section 27 to provide strain relief or improved pull strength for the fiber 10. A temperature grating 270 may be used to measure temperature and allow for a temperature-corrected pressure measurement. The sensor may be suspended within an outer housing 112, by a fluid, spacers, or other means. The invention may also be used as a force transducer.

    摘要翻译： 光纤光栅压力传感器包括光学感测元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有印刷在其中的布拉格光栅12，该光纤10包围玻璃毛细管20和/或大直径波导的至少一部分 光栅600具有芯和宽包层，并且具有至少0.3mm的外横向尺寸。 光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长lambd1从光栅12反射。 感测元件20,600可以自身用作传感器或位于壳体48,60,90,270,3300内。当外部压力P增加时，光栅12被压缩并且反射波长lambd1改变。 感测元件20,600的形状可以具有其他几何形状，例如“狗骨”形状，以便增强由于施加的外部压力而导致的羔羊皮1偏移的灵敏度，并且可以将其熔合到外壳50上。至少 感测元件的一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可被构造为可调DFB激光器。 此外，纤维10离开管20的元件20,600的轴向端部可以具有内锥形区域22和/或突出的锥形（或槽纹）轴向部分27，以提供应变消除或改进的纤维10的拉伸强度 可以使用温度光栅270来测量温度并允许进行温度校正的压力测量。 传感器可以通过流体，间隔件或其他装置悬挂在外壳体112内。 本发明也可以用作力传感器。

    Method and Apparatus for Measuring Parameters of a Fluid Flowing within a Pipe Using a Configurable Array of Sensors
    18.
    发明申请
    Method and Apparatus for Measuring Parameters of a Fluid Flowing within a Pipe Using a Configurable Array of Sensors 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20110203387A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-08-25

    申请号：US12986366

    申请日：2011-01-07

    申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G01F1/20

    CPC分类号： G01F1/7082

    摘要： An apparatus for measuring at least one parameter associated with a fluid flowing within a pipe includes a single sheet of piezoelectric film material wrapped around at least a portion of the pipe and an array of sensors disposed at different locations on the film material. Each of the sensors provides a signal indicative of pressure within the pipe at a corresponding axial and/or circumferential location of the pipe. The sensors are selectively configurable to provide the pressure signals. The signals are processed to determine the parameter. The array of sensors is configurable in response to different criteria. The criteria includes at least one of the parameter of the fluid to be output, an input signal specifying sensors to be selected, a predetermined configuration based on the parameter to be determined, and in response to a previously determined parameter of the fluid.

    Apparatus having an array of clamp on piezoelectric film sensors for measuring parameters of a process flow within a pipe
    19.
    发明授权
    Apparatus having an array of clamp on piezoelectric film sensors for measuring parameters of a process flow within a pipe 有权
    具有用于测量管道内的工艺流程的参数的压电膜传感器上的夹具阵列的装置

    公开(公告)号：US07400985B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-15

    申请号：US10712818

    申请日：2003-11-12

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G06F19/00

    CPC分类号： G01F1/668 ,  G01F1/666 ,  G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74

    摘要： A apparatus 10,110,170 is provided that measures the speed of sound and/or vortical disturbances propagating in a single phase fluid flow and/or multiphase mixture to determine parameters, such as mixture quality, particle size, vapor/mass ratio, liquid/vapor ratio, mass flow rate, enthalpy and volumetric flow rate of the flow in a pipe, by measuring acoustic and/or dynamic pressures. The apparatus includes a spatial array of unsteady pressure sensors 15-18 placed at predetermined axial locations x1-xN disposed axially along the pipe 14. The pressure sensors 15-18 provide acoustic pressure signals P1(t)-PN(t) to a signal processing unit 30 which determines the speed of sound amix propagating through of the process flow 12 flowing in the pipe 14. The pressure sensors are piezoelectric film sensors that are clamped onto the outer surface of the pipe at the respective axial location.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种装置10,110,170，其测量在单相流体流和/或多相混合物中传播的声速和/或涡流干扰的速度，以确定参数，例如混合质量，粒度，蒸气/质量比，液体/蒸气比， 质量流量，管道中流量的焓和体积流量，通过测量声学和/或动态压力。 该装置包括放置在沿着管14轴向设置的预定轴向位置x 1 -x N 1 / N 2的非稳态压力传感器15-18的空间阵列。 压力传感器15-18向信号处理单元30提供声压信号P 1（t）-P N N（t），该信号处理单元30确定声速a 混合物传播通过在管道14中流动的工艺流程12。 压力传感器是在相应的轴向位置处夹紧在管的外表面上的压电膜传感器。

    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors
    20.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors 有权
    用于使用可配置的传感器阵列测量在管内流动的流体的参数的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07253742B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-08-07

    申请号：US10909592

    申请日：2004-08-02

    申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G08B21/00

    CPC分类号： G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74

    摘要： An apparatus for measuring at least one parameter associated with a fluid flowing within a pipe includes a spatial array of pressure sensors disposed at different axial locations x1. . . xN along the pipe. Each of the pressure sensors provides a pressure signal P(t) indicative of unsteady pressure within the pipe at a corresponding axial location of the pipe. A signal processor receives the pressure signals from each of the pressure sensors and determines the parameter of the fluid using pressure signals from selected ones of the pressure sensors. By selecting different pressure sensors, the signal processor can configure the array to meet different criteria. In one embodiment, the array of pressure sensors may be formed on a single sheet of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) that is wrapped around at least a portion of an outer surface of the pipe. This arrangement allows a large number of pressure sensors to be quickly and economically installed.

    摘要翻译： 用于测量与在管道内流动的流体相关联的至少一个参数的装置包括设置在不同轴向位置x 1上的压力传感器的空间阵列。 。 。 沿着管道的x N。 每个压力传感器提供在管道的相应轴向位置处指示管内不稳定压力的压力信号P（t）。 信号处理器从每个压力传感器接收压力信号，并使用来自选定压力传感器的压力信号确定流体的参数。 通过选择不同的压力传感器，信号处理器可以配置数组以满足不同的标准。 在一个实施例中，压力传感器阵列可以形成在缠绕在管的外表面的至少一部分上的单片聚偏二氟乙烯片（PVDF）上。 这种布置允许快速和经济地安装大量的压力传感器。