公开(公告)号：US07474966B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-06

申请号：US11521627

申请日：2006-09-14

申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Douglas Loose ,  Timothy J. Bailey

发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Douglas Loose ,  Timothy J. Bailey

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74

摘要： A apparatus 10,110,170 is provided that measures the speed of sound and/or vortical disturbances propagating in a single phase fluid flow and/or multiphase mixture to determine parameters, such as mixture quality, particle size, vapor/mass ratio, liquid/vapor ratio, mass flow rate, enthalpy and volumetric flow rate of the flow in a pipe, by measuring acoustic and/or dynamic pressures. The apparatus includes a spatial array of unsteady pressure sensors 15-18 placed at predetermined axial locations x1-xN disposed axially along the pipe 14. The pressure sensors 15-18 provide acoustic pressure signals P1(t)-PN(t) to a signal processing unit 30 which determines the speed of sound amix propagating through of the process flow 12 flowing in the pipe 14. The pressure sensors are piezoelectric film sensors that are mounted or clamped onto the outer surface of the pipe at the respective axial location.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种装置10,110,170，其测量在单相流体流和/或多相混合物中传播的声速和/或涡流干扰的速度，以确定参数，例如混合质量，粒度，蒸气/质量比，液体/蒸气比， 质量流量，管道中流量的焓和体积流量，通过测量声学和/或动态压力。 该装置包括放置在沿管14轴向设置的预定轴向位置x1-xN处的不稳定压力传感器15-18的空间阵列。压力传感器15-18向信号提供声压信号P1（t）-PN（t） 处理单元30，其确定在管14中流动的工艺流程12传播的声音amix的速度。压力传感器是压电膜传感器，其在相应的轴向位置处安装或夹紧在管的外表面上。

公开(公告)号：US20070125154A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-07

申请号：US11642168

申请日：2006-12-20

申请人： Daniel Gysling ,  Patrick Curry ,  Douglas Loose ,  Thomas Banach

发明人： Daniel Gysling ,  Patrick Curry ,  Douglas Loose ,  Thomas Banach

IPC分类号： G01N9/00 ,  G01F15/02 ,  G01F1/84 ,  G01F1/86

CPC分类号： G01F15/024 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/8413 ,  G01F1/8477 ,  G01F25/0007 ,  G01N9/002 ,  G01N2291/02818

摘要： A flow measuring system is provided that provides at least one of a compensated mass flow rate measurement and a compensated density measurement. The flow measuring system includes a gas volume fraction meter in combination with a coriolis meter. The GVF meter measures acoustic pressures propagating through the fluids to measure the speed of sound αmix propagating through the fluid to calculate at least gas volume fraction of the fluid and/or the reduced natural frequency. For determining an improved density for the coriolis meter, the calculated gas volume fraction and/or reduced frequency is provided to a processing unit. The improved density is determined using analytically derived or empirically derived density calibration models (or formulas derived therefore), which is a function of the measured natural frequency and at least one of the determined GVF, reduced frequency and speed of sound, or any combination thereof. The gas volume fraction (GVF) meter may include a sensing device having a plurality of strain-based or pressure sensors spaced axially along the pipe for measuring the acoustic pressures propagating through the flow.

摘要翻译： 提供流量测量系统，其提供补偿的质量流量测量和补偿密度测量中的至少一个。 流量测量系统包括与科里奥利仪表组合的气体体积分数计。 GVF测量仪测量通过流体传播的声学压力，以测量通过流体传播的声音混合物的速度，以至少计算流体的气体体积分数和/或降低的固有频率。 为了确定科里奥利仪表的改进的密度，将计算的气体体积分数和/或降低的频率提供给处理单元。 使用分析导出或经验导出的密度校准模型（或因此导出的公式）确定改善的密度，其是测量的固有频率和确定的GVF，降低的频率和声速的至少一个或其任何组合的函数的函数 。 气体体积分数（GVF）计可以包括具有多个基于应变或压力传感器的传感装置，该传感器沿管道轴向间隔开，用于测量通过流动传播的声压。

公开(公告)号：US20050125169A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-09

申请号：US10997632

申请日：2004-11-24

申请人： Douglas Loose

发明人： Douglas Loose

IPC分类号： G01F1/00 ,  G01F1/32 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F7/00 ,  G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/3254

摘要： A parameter of a fluid passing through a pipe is measured using a spatial array of sensors disposed at different axial locations along the pipe. The spatial array includes at least two overlapping sub-arrays. Using the pressure signals, a signal processor determines a spatial correlation matrix for each of the sub arrays. The spatial correlation matrices from the sub-arrays are averaged, and the averaged spatial correlation matrix is used as input to an adaptive array processing algorithm. The pipe may be open ended such that it can be positioned within the fluid flow for forming a portion of a sensing device.

摘要翻译： 通过设置在沿着管的不同轴向位置的传感器的空间阵列测量通过管道的流体的参数。 空间阵列包括至少两个重叠的子阵列。 使用压力信号，信号处理器确定每个子阵列的空间相关矩阵。 对子阵列的空间相关矩阵进行平均，并将平均空间相关矩阵作为自适应阵列处理算法的输入。 管可以是敞开的，使得其可以定位在流体流动内以形成感测装置的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US20050061060A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-24

申请号：US10909593

申请日：2004-08-02

申请人： Daniel Gysling ,  Patrick Curry ,  Douglas Loose ,  Thomas Banach

发明人： Daniel Gysling ,  Patrick Curry ,  Douglas Loose ,  Thomas Banach

IPC分类号： G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/84 ,  G01N9/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/8413 ,  G01F1/8477 ,  G01F1/849 ,  G01F15/024 ,  G01F25/0007 ,  G01N9/002 ,  G01N2291/02818

摘要： A flow measuring system combines a density measuring device and a device for measuring the speed of sound (SOS) propagating through the fluid flow and/or for determining the gas volume fraction (GVF) of the flow. The GVF meter measures acoustic pressures propagating through the fluids to measure the speed of sound αmix propagating through the fluid to calculate at least gas volume fraction of the fluid and/or SOS. In response to the measured density and gas volume fraction, a processing unit determines the density of non-gaseous component of an aerated fluid flow. For three phase fluid flows, the processing unit can determine the phase fraction of the non-gaseous components of the fluid flow. The gas volume fraction (GVF) meter may include a sensing device having a plurality of strain-based or pressure sensors spaced axially along the pipe for measuring the acoustic pressures propagating through the flow.

摘要翻译： 流量测量系统结合密度测量装置和用于测量通过流体流传播的声速（SOS）和/或用于确定流动的气体体积分数（GVF）的装置。 GVF测量仪测量通过流体传播的声压，以测量通过流体传播的声音Alphamix的速度，以至少计算流体和/或SOS的气体体积分数。 响应于测量的密度和气体体积分数，处理单元确定充气流体流的非气体组分的密度。 对于三相流体流，处理单元可以确定流体流的非气态组分的相分数。 气体体积分数（GVF）计可以包括具有多个基于应变或压力传感器的传感装置，该传感器沿管道轴向间隔开，用于测量通过流动传播的声压。

公开(公告)号：US20070118304A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-24

申请号：US11642007

申请日：2006-12-19

申请人： Douglas Loose ,  Michael Davis

发明人： Douglas Loose ,  Michael Davis

IPC分类号： G01F23/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/666 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F15/024

摘要： An apparatus for measuring a parameter of a fluid passing through a pipe includes a spatial array of at least two sensors disposed at different axial locations along the pipe. Each of the sensors provides a signal indicative of unsteady pressure within the pipe at a corresponding axial location of the pipe. A signal processor constructs at least a portion of a k-ω plot using the signals and detects at least one ridge in the k-ω plot. A slope of the at least one ridge is indicative of the parameter of the fluid. The signal processor determines a quality metric by comparing an accumulated energy (power) of k-ω pairs along the at least one ridge with an accumulated energy (power) of k-ω pairs along at least one ray extending in the k-ω plot. The quality metric is indicative of a quality of the at least one ridge.

摘要翻译： 用于测量通过管道的流体的参数的装置包括设置在沿着管道的不同轴向位置处的至少两个传感器的空间阵列。 每个传感器提供在管道的相应轴向位置处指示管内不稳定压力的信号。 信号处理器使用该信号构建k-ω图的至少一部分并且检测k-ω图中的至少一个脊。 至少一个脊的斜率表示流体的参数。 所述信号处理器通过将沿着所述至少一个脊的k-ω对的累积能量（功率）与沿k-Ω图中延伸的至少一条光线的k-ω对的累积能量（功率）进行比较来确定质量度量 。 质量度量表示至少一个脊的质量。

公开(公告)号：US20070067116A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-22

申请号：US11603686

申请日：2006-11-21

申请人： Paul Rothman ,  Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose ,  Alex Kravets

发明人： Paul Rothman ,  Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose ,  Alex Kravets

IPC分类号： G01F23/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/363 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for calibrating a flow meter having an array of sensors arranged in relation to a pipe that measures a flow rate of a fluid flowing in the pipe. The method features the step of calibrating the flow rate using a calibration correction function based on one or more parameters that characterize either the array of sensors, the pipe, the fluid flowing in the pipe, or some combination thereof. The calibration correction function depends on either a ratio t/D of the pipe wall thickness (t) and the pipe inner diameter (D); a ratio t/λ of the pipe wall thickness (t) and the eddie wavelength (λ) of the fluid; a Reynolds number (ρUD/μ) that characterizes the fluid flow in the pipe; a ratio Δx/D of the sensor spacing (Δx) and the pipe inner diameter (D); a ratio fΔx/Umeas of usable frequencies in relation to the sensor spacing (Δx) and the raw flow rate (Umeas); or some combination thereof. The apparatus takes the form of a flow meter having a calibration correction function module performing the aforementioned functionality.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于校准具有相对于管道布置的传感器阵列的流量计的方法和装置，其测量流体在管道中流动的流体的流量。 该方法的特征在于使用基于表征传感器阵列，管道，在管道中流动的流体或其一些组合的一个或多个参数的校准校正功能来校准流量的步骤。 校准校正功能取决于管壁厚度（t）的比t / D和管内径（D）; 管壁厚度（t）的比t /λ和流体的eddie波长（λ）; 雷诺数（rhoUD / mu）表征管道中的流体流动; 传感器间距（Deltax）和管内径（D）的比值Deltax / D; 相对于传感器间隔（Deltax）和原始流量（U＆gt;＆gt;）的可用频率的比率fDeltax / U＆lt; / SUB＆gt; 或其某些组合。 该装置采用具有执行上述功能的校准校正功能模块的流量计的形式。

公开(公告)号：US20070044571A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-01

申请号：US11474915

申请日：2006-06-20

申请人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

发明人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

IPC分类号： G01F1/20

CPC分类号： G01F1/704 ,  G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01L1/16 ,  G01L9/0022

摘要： A clamp on apparatus 10,110 is provided that measures the speed of sound or acoustic disturbances propagating in a fluid or mixture having entrained gas/air to determine the gas volume fraction of the flow 12 propagating through a pipe 14. The apparatus includes an array of pressure sensors clamped onto the exterior of the pipe and disposed axially along the length of the pipe. The apparatus measures the speed of sound propagating through the fluid to determine the gas volume fraction of the mixture using adaptive array processing techniques to define an acoustic ridge in the k-ω plane. The slope of the acoustic ridge 61 defines the speed of sound propagating through the fluid in the pipe.

摘要翻译： 设置装置10,110上的夹具，其测量在具有夹带的气体/空气的流体或混合物中传播的声音或声学干扰的速度，以确定通过管道14传播的流12的气体体积分数。 该装置包括一组压力传感器，该压力传感器夹紧在管的外部并且沿着管的长度轴向设置。 该装置测量通过流体传播的声音的速度，以使用自适应阵列处理技术确定混合物的气体体积分数，以定义k-ω平面中的声脊。 声脊61的斜率限定了通过管道中的流体传播的声速。

公开(公告)号：US20060260384A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：US11410522

申请日：2006-04-24

申请人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

发明人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

IPC分类号： G01N29/02

CPC分类号： G01F1/7084 ,  G01F1/666 ,  G01F1/668 ,  G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N29/46 ,  G01N2291/02425 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02872

摘要： An apparatus 10,70 and method is provided that includes a spatial array of unsteady pressure sensors 15-18 placed at predetermined axial locations x1-xN disposed axially along a pipe 14 for measuring at least one parameter of a saturated vapor/liquid mixture 12, such as steam, flowing in the pipe 14. The pressure sensors 15-18 provide acoustic pressure signals P1(t)-PN(t) to a signal processing unit 30 which determines the speed of sound amix propagating through of the saturated vapor/liquid mixture 12 in the pipe 14 using acoustic spatial array signal processing techniques. The primary parameters to be measured include vapor/liquid concentration (i.e., steam wetness or steam quality), vapor/liquid mixture volumetric flow, mass flow, enthalpy, density and liquid droplet size. Frequency based sound speed is determined utilizing a dispersion model to determine the parameters of interest.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种装置10,70和方法，其包括放置在沿着管道轴向设置的预定轴向位置x 1 -x N N的非稳态压力传感器15-18的空间阵列 14，用于测量在管道14中流动的饱和蒸汽/液体混合物12（例如蒸汽）的至少一个参数。压力传感器15-18提供声压信号P 1（t）-P （t）到信号处理单元30，信号处理单元30使用声学空间阵列确定通过管14中的饱和蒸汽/液体混合物12传播的声音混合物的速度 信号处理技术。 要测量的主要参数包括蒸汽/液体浓度（即蒸汽湿度或蒸汽质量），蒸气/液体混合物体积流量，质量流量，焓，密度和液滴尺寸。 使用色散模型确定基于频率的声速，以确定感兴趣的参数。

公开(公告)号：US20050109112A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-26

申请号：US11028974

申请日：2005-01-04

申请人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

发明人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

IPC分类号： G01F1/708 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01N15/06 ,  G01N29/04 ,  G01N29/02 ,  E21B47/06 ,  G01H9/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01N15/06 ,  G01N29/046 ,  G01N2291/02416 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02872

摘要： A method for detecting the presence of particles, such as sand, flowing within a fluid in a conduit is disclosed. At least two optical sensors measure pressure variations propagating through the fluid. These pressure variations are caused by acoustic noise generated by typical background noises of the well production environment and from sand particles flowing within the fluid. If the acoustics are sufficiently energetic with respect to other disturbances, the signals provided by the sensors will form an acoustic ridge on a kω plot, where each data point represents the power of the acoustic wave corresponding to that particular wave number and temporal frequency. A sand metric then compares the average power of the data points forming the acoustic ridge to the average power of the data points falling outside of the acoustic ridge. The result of this comparison allows one to determine whether particles are present within the fluid. Furthermore, the present invention can also determine whether the generated acoustic noise is occurring upstream or downstream of the sensors, thus giving an indication of the location of the particles in the fluid relative to the sensors.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于检测在管道中的流体内流动的颗粒（例如沙子）的存在的方法。 至少两个光学传感器测量通过流体传播的压力变化。 这些压力变化是由生产环境的典型背景噪声和流体内的砂粒产生的声音噪声引起的。 如果声音相对于其他扰动具有足够的能量，则传感器提供的信号将在komega图上形成声脊，其中每个数据点表示对应于该特定波数和时间频率的声波的功率。 然后，砂度量将形成声脊的数据点的平均功率与落在声脊外的数据点的平均功率进行比较。 该比较的结果允许确定颗粒是否存在于流体内。 此外，本发明还可以确定所产生的声学噪声是否发生在传感器的上游或下游，从而给出相对于传感器的流体中颗粒位置的指示。

公开(公告)号：US20070234780A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-11

申请号：US11762407

申请日：2007-06-13

申请人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

发明人： Daniel Gysling ,  Douglas Loose

IPC分类号： G01N29/024

CPC分类号： G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/666 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N29/46 ,  G01N2291/0215 ,  G01N2291/02433 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02872 ,  G01N2291/048

摘要： An apparatus is provided for measuring total gas content of a fluid flowing through a process line. The apparatus comprises a bleed line in fluid communication with the process line for bleeding a portion of the fluid from the process line at a bleed line pressure that is lower than the process line pressure. A speed of sound propagating through the fluid in the bleed line is determined and is, in turn, used to determine a gas volume fraction of the fluid in the bleed line. In one aspect, the total gas content of the fluid flowing through the process line is calculated as a function of the gas volume fraction of the fluid in the bleed line and a velocity of the fluid in the bleed line. In another aspect, the velocity of the fluid in the bleed line is adjusted to be approximately equal to a predetermined velocity. In yet another aspect, dissolved gas in the process fluid 13 is released before the gas content measurement point by applying a high intensity ultrasonic field to the fluid 13.

摘要翻译： 提供一种用于测量流过工艺管线的流体的总气体含量的装置。 该装置包括与处理管线流体连通的排放管线，用于以低于处理管线压力的排出管线压力将来自处理管线的一部分流体排出。 确定在渗流线中通过流体传播的声速，并且进而用于确定排放管线中的流体的气体体积分数。 在一个方面，流过生产线的流体的总气体含量是根据排放管道中的流体的气体体积分数和排出管线中流体的速度来计算的。 在另一方面，将排出管线中的流体的速度调节为近似等于预定速度。 在另一方面，通过向流体13施加高强度超声波场，在气体含量测量点之前释放过程流体13中的溶解气体。