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公开(公告)号：US06778698B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US09591438
申请日：2000-06-09
申请人： Adityo Prakash , Edward R. Ratner , John S. Chen , David L. Cook
发明人： Adityo Prakash , Edward R. Ratner , John S. Chen , David L. Cook
IPC分类号： G06K948
CPC分类号： G06K9/342
摘要： An image segmenter uses one or more techniques to accurately segment an image, including the use of a progressive flood fill to fill incompletely bounded segments, the use of a plurality of scaled transformations and guiding segmentation at one scale with segmentation results from another scale, detecting edges using a composite image that is a composite of multiple color planes, generating edge chains using multiple classes of edge pixels, generating edge chains using the plurality of scaled transformations, and/or filtering spurious edges at one scale based on edges detected at another scale.
摘要翻译： 图像分割器使用一种或多种技术来精确地分割图像，包括使用渐进式填充填充来填充不完全限定的片段，使用多个缩放变换并且以一个尺度对来自另一个尺度的分割结果引导分割，检测 边缘，其使用作为多个颜色平面的复合的合成图像，使用多个边缘像素类生成边缘链，使用多个缩放变换生成边缘链，和/或基于在另一个尺度检测到的边缘以一个刻度来过滤伪边缘 。
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公开(公告)号：US08145003B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-27
申请号：US12873083
申请日：2010-08-31
IPC分类号： G06K9/46
CPC分类号： H04N19/649 , H04N19/119 , H04N19/30 , H04N19/50 , H04N19/593
摘要： In one embodiment, an image is broken up into multiple regions or segments, where each segment may be of arbitrary shape, and a transform (multi-scale or otherwise) is applied on the set of segments. In another embodiment, pattern adaptive prediction is used when predicting the next finer level of the transform pyramid. The pattern adaptive prediction uses the parent grid to determine what geometry of a filter is to be used when predicting the child grid. At the boundaries of the domain, the pattern adaptive prediction can coupled with the domain adaptive prediction technique.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，图像被分解成多个区域或区段，其中每个区段可以是任意形状，并且在该组段上应用变换（多尺度或其他）。 在另一个实施例中，当预测变换金字塔的下一个较细的级别时，使用模式自适应预测。 模式自适应预测使用父网格来确定在预测子网格时要使用的滤波器的几何形状。 在域的边界，模式自适应预测可以与域自适应预测技术相结合。
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13.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07826072B1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-02
申请号：US11999814
申请日：2007-12-06
申请人： Daniel C. Wack , Andrei Veldman , Edward R. Ratner , John Hench , Noah Bareket
发明人： Daniel C. Wack , Andrei Veldman , Edward R. Ratner , John Hench , Noah Bareket
CPC分类号： G01B11/0625 , G01B11/24 , G01B2210/56
摘要： The present application discloses a method of model-based measurement of semiconductor device features using a scatterometer system. The method includes at least the following steps. A cost function is defined depending upon a plurality of variable parameters of the scatterometer system and upon a plurality of variable parameters for computer-implemented modeling to determine measurement results. Constraints are established for the plurality of variable parameters of the scatterometer system and for the plurality of variable parameters for the computer-implemented modeling. A computer-implemented optimization procedure is performed to determine an optimized global set of parameters, including both the variable parameters of the scatterometer system and the variable parameters for the computer-implemented modeling, which result in a minimal value of the cost function. Finally, the optimized global set of parameters is applied to configure the scatterometer system and the computer-implemented modeling. Other embodiments, features and aspects are also disclosed herein.
摘要翻译： 本申请公开了使用散射仪系统的基于模型的半导体器件特征的测量方法。 该方法至少包括以下步骤。 根据散射仪系统的多个可变参数以及多个用于计算机实现的建模的可变参数来确定测量结果来定义成本函数。 为散射仪系统的多个可变参数和计算机实现的建模的多个可变参数建立约束。 执行计算机实现的优化过程以确定优化的全局参数集合，包括散射仪系统的可变参数和用于计算机实现的建模的可变参数，其导致成本函数的最小值。 最后，应用优化的全局参数集来配置散射仪系统和计算机实现的建模。 本文还公开了其它实施例，特征和方面。
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公开(公告)号：US07295711B1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-13
申请号：US10692466
申请日：2003-10-23
申请人： Sachin Ahuja , Gavin B. Horn , Michael Fleisher , John S. Chen , Adityo Prakash , Edward R. Ratner
发明人： Sachin Ahuja , Gavin B. Horn , Michael Fleisher , John S. Chen , Adityo Prakash , Edward R. Ratner
IPC分类号： G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06K9/342 , H04N19/20 , H04N19/537 , H04N19/543
摘要： One embodiment of the invention relates to a method of merging segments to form supersegments in an image. The image consists of a plurality of segments that are constituent portions of the image. At least one candidate segment(s) and at least one neighboring segment(s) for each candidate segment are identified. An error statistic for each pair, consisting of a candidate segment and a corresponding neighboring segment, is computed. A neighboring segment is determined that results in a smallest error statistic for a given candidate segment. A determination is also made as to whether the smallest error statistic is sufficiently small to merit merging of the corresponding pair of segments. The corresponding pair of segments is merged to create one supersegment. The supersegment is a new segment including all pixels formerly contained in one of the two segments that were merged.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例涉及一种合并片段以在图像中形成超帧的方法。 图像由作为图像的组成部分的多个片段组成。 识别每个候选片段的至少一个候选片段和至少一个相邻片段。 计算由候选片段和对应的相邻片段组成的每对的错误统计量。 确定导致给定候选段的最小误差统计量的相邻段。 还确定最小误差统计量是否足够小以便能够合并相应的一对段。 相应的一对段被合并以创建一个超级段。 超级细分是一个新的片段，包括以前包含在合并的两个片段之一中的所有像素。
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公开(公告)号：US07652721B1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-26
申请号：US12061890
申请日：2008-04-03
申请人： Gary R. Holt , Edward R. Ratner
发明人： Gary R. Holt , Edward R. Ratner
摘要： One embodiment disclosed relates to the use of object motion estimation to interlace a progressive video sequence. One of a plurality of consecutive frames is segmented and motion vectors for each segment are determined though object motion estimation. Interpolated motion vectors are used to construct at least one intermediate frame, and interlaced fields are extracted from the new sequence of frames that includes intermediate frames. An interlaced sequence with smooth, incremental motion is thus constructed from a progressive video sequence.
摘要翻译： 公开的一个实施例涉及使用对象运动估计来交织逐行视频序列。 分割多个连续帧中的一个，并且通过对象运动估计来确定每个段的运动矢量。 内插运动矢量用于构建至少一个中间帧，并且从包括中间帧的新的帧序列中提取隔行扫描场。 因此，从逐行视频序列构建具有平滑的增量运动的隔行扫描序列。
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公开(公告)号：US07639741B1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-29
申请号：US10729834
申请日：2003-12-05
申请人： Gary R. Holt , Edward R. Ratner
发明人： Gary R. Holt , Edward R. Ratner
CPC分类号： G06T5/50 , G06T5/002 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/10024 , G06T2207/20012 , G06T2207/20182 , G06T2207/20216 , H04N5/142 , H04N5/145 , H04N5/205 , H04N19/117 , H04N19/139 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/513 , H04N19/553 , H04N19/80 , H04N19/85
摘要： A method and apparatus for temporally filtering a video sequence using motion compensation in which motion information captures the motion of objects is disclosed. Pixels from a current frame are aligned with matching pixels from previous and/or future frames according to the motion of the surrounding object of arbitrary shape. A weighted average of the corresponding pixels is taken for each pixel in the current frame to produce a filtered version of the current frame. The weights may be adjusted to compensate for similarities between the frames and for blur transitions near object boundaries. A lighting offset may also be used to prevent erroneous lighting shifts during filtering.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用运动信息捕获物体的运动的运动补偿来对视频序列进行时间滤波的方法和装置。 根据任意形状的周围对象的运动，来自当前帧的像素与来自先前帧和/或将来帧的匹配像素对准。 针对当前帧中的每个像素获取相应像素的加权平均值，以产生当前帧的滤波版本。 可以调整权重以补偿帧之间的相似性以及对象边界附近的模糊转换。 也可以使用照明偏移来防止滤波期间的错误照明偏移。
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公开(公告)号：US06985623B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-10
申请号：US10167244
申请日：2002-06-10
申请人： Adityo Prakash , Eniko Fodor , Edward R. Ratner
发明人： Adityo Prakash , Eniko Fodor , Edward R. Ratner
IPC分类号： G06K9/34
CPC分类号： G11B27/28 , G11B27/034 , H04N5/147
摘要： A process and apparatus for identifying abrupt cuts or scene changes in any ordered sequence of images. In one specific embodiment, two or more consecutive images from a sequence are introduced to a segmenter as digital frames. The segmenter independently divides each of these frames into pixel regions or segments according to some common characteristic so that every pixel belongs to exactly one segment. A segment analysis unit then performs some statistical analysis on the segment data for each of the frames and generates composite statistics for each frame. A frame comparison unit then examines these composite statistics to determine whether these frames belong to a consistent scene of images. If the composite statistics for these frames differ sufficiently, the comparison unit declares the latter frame in the sequence to belong to a new scene. This information may then be transmitted back to the data source for the purpose of marking the scene change or for any other purpose.
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公开(公告)号：US06909749B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-21
申请号：US10196739
申请日：2002-07-15
CPC分类号： H04N19/537 , H04N19/52
摘要： In a method and apparatus for predicting and coding motion vectors in a video compression scheme, an ordered list of segments for a reference frame is used to create a hierarchy of segments with a plurality of levels. Motion vectors for segments in the top level are entropy coded, and these vectors are used to predict vectors for segments at the next level. Residual vectors are entropy coded to correct these predictions, and the process of prediction from above and coding residuals continues recursively down through the hierarchy of segment levels. Information about the previous motion of segments may be exploited in the prediction process. In a complementary method and apparatus for decoding motion vectors, the same segment hierarchy is used to predict motion vectors by the same method used during encoding, and these predicted vectors are added to residual motion vectors to reconstruct the actual motion vectors.
摘要翻译： 在用于在视频压缩方案中预测和编码运动矢量的方法和装置中，使用用于参考帧的片段的有序列表来创建具有多个级别的片段的层级。 顶层的段的运动矢量被熵编码，并且这些向量用于预测下一级段的向量。 残差向量被熵编码以校正这些预测，并且来自上述的预测过程和编码残差在分段级别的层次上递归地下降。 关于段的先前动作的信息可以在预测过程中被利用。 在用于解码运动矢量的补充方法和装置中，使用相同的分段层级来通过编码期间使用的相同方法来预测运动矢量，并将这些预测向量加到残余运动矢量上以重构实际的运动矢量。
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公开(公告)号：US07362374B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-22
申请号：US10646334
申请日：2003-08-22
申请人： Gary R. Holt , Edward R. Ratner
发明人： Gary R. Holt , Edward R. Ratner
摘要： One embodiment disclosed relates to the use of object motion estimation to interlace a progressive video sequence. One of a plurality of consecutive frames is segmented and motion vectors for each segment are determined though object motion estimation. Interpolated motion vectors are used to construct at least one intermediate frame, and interlaced fields are extracted from the new sequence of frames that includes intermediate frames. An interlaced sequence with smooth, incremental motion is thus constructed from a progressive video sequence.
摘要翻译： 公开的一个实施例涉及使用对象运动估计来交织逐行视频序列。 分割多个连续帧中的一个，并且通过对象运动估计来确定每个段的运动矢量。 内插运动矢量用于构建至少一个中间帧，并且从包括中间帧的新的帧序列中提取隔行扫描场。 因此，从逐行视频序列构建具有平滑的增量运动的隔行扫描序列。
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公开(公告)号：US07356182B1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US10729348
申请日：2003-12-05
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
摘要： One embodiment of the invention pertains to a method of determining a measure of image complexity. An image is subdivided the image into a plurality of small image regions. Multiple statistical tests are performed to determine the similarity of a pair of adjacent image regions. If said pair passes the multiple statistical tests, then the pair of adjacent image regions are grouped together into one new region. The resulting merged regions may be weighted according to geometry and/or color variance, and the weights may be summed to produce an image complexity measure.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例涉及一种确定图像复杂度测量的方法。 图像将图像细分成多个小图像区域。 执行多个统计测试以确定一对相邻图像区域的相似性。 如果所述对通过多个统计测试，则该对相邻图像区域被分组在一起成为一个新的区域。 所得到的合并区域可以根据几何和/或颜色方差加权，并且权重可以相加以产生图像复杂度度量。
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