Abstract:
Provided are an automatic wavelength recognition apparatus and method. The automatic wavelength recognition apparatus includes: a division unit receiving a single optical signal and dividing the received optical signal into a plurality of optical signals; a plurality of filter units filtering the optical signals and having different and wavelength-dependent pass characteristics; a plurality of detection units detecting the filtered optical signals and measuring intensities of the detected optical signals; at least one comparison unit comparing outputs of any two of the detection units; and a wavelength determination unit receiving an output of the at least one comparison unit and determining a wavelength of the above single optical signal using a pre-stored look-up table.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) based on resistive switching using a resistance-switchable conductive filler and a method for preparing the same. When a resistance-switchable conductive filler prepared by coating a conductive filler with a material whose resistance is changeable is mixed with a dielectric material, the dielectric material is given the resistive switching characteristics without losing its inherent properties. Therefore, various resistance-switchable materials having various properties can be prepared by mixing the resistance-switchable conductive filler with different dielectric materials. The resulting resistance-switchable material shows resistive switching characteristics comparable to those of the existing metal oxide film-based resistance-switchable materials. Accordingly, a ReRAM device having the inherent properties of a dielectric material can be prepared using the resistance-switchable conductive filler.
Abstract:
Various embodiments of the invention include enabling, during a calibration phase, a counter to count one less than a number of clock periods associated with a determined offset. The counted number of the clock periods is stored in calibration memory. In a conversion phase, inverted outputs are loaded from the calibration memory to the counter, where the counter is enabled to count the clock periods to determine a digital equivalent value of an analog signal amplitude.
Abstract:
A composite electrolyte, a preparation method thereof, and a dye-sensitized solar cell based on an electrolyte with hollow particles of metal oxide are disclosed. A dye-sensitized solar cell includes a photoelectrode substrate, a counter electrode substrate facing the photoelectrode substrate, a light absorbing layer formed on an inner surface of the photoelectrode substrate and having a dye adsorbed thereto, and a composite electrolyte, characterized in that an electrolyte is mixed with hollow particles composed of metal oxide particulates, filled between the light absorbing layer and the counter electrode substrate.
Abstract:
An Arrayed Waveguide Grating Router (AWGR) for wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing is provided. According to an aspect, by generating phase differences of a plurality of received optical signals through an arrayed wavelength in which a plurality of waveguides having a predetermined length difference with respect to each other are arranged, and then coupling the optical signals with the different phase differences, wavelength multiplexing and wavelength demultiplexing are simultaneously performed using the maximum constructive interference and/or destructive interference effect of optical signals.
Abstract:
Aspects of the invention may include receiving a first input signal and a second input signal via respective first and second input transistors. A biasing signal, generated by a cascode bias generator, tracks the first input signal, where the biasing signal has a fixed offset with respect to the first input signal. The biasing signal may be applied to the first and second cascode transistors that may be cascoded to the first and second input transistors, respectively.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a water level sensing apparatus of a dish washer comprising, a wash tub for containing dishware and a water level sensor disposed in the wash tub and moved in its position according to a water level in the wash tub, alternately comprising, a wash tub for containing dishware a float disposed in the wash tub and ascending/descending according to a water level of the wash tub and a sensing unit sensing a water level corresponding to a position of the float.According to the water level sensing apparatus of the dish washer, it is capable of minimizing influence on a capacity of the wash tub caused by installation of the water level sensor, of precisely sensing the amount of water in the wash tub and of implement the float stably ascending/descending.