公开(公告)号：US06659409B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-09

申请号：US10104871

申请日：2002-03-21

Applicant: Javad Ashjaee

Inventor： Javad Ashjaee

IPC: F16M1138

CPC classification number: G01C15/06 ,  F16M11/046 ,  F16M11/242 ,  F16M2200/027

Abstract: A positioning pole comprising an elongated center pole, a first guide disposed on an outer surface of the center pole, a first support leg, and a first attachment coupler which pivotally attaches the first support leg to the first guide. The first guide has an elongated dimension oriented parallel to the elongated dimension of the pole. The first attachment coupler has an elongated dimension oriented parallel to the elongated dimension of the guide, a first face, and a second face. The first face of the first attachment coupler has a contoured surface interfitting with the pole's first guide and enables the first attachment coupler to slide along the elongated dimension of the first guide without separating from the guide in directions that are perpendicular to the guide's elongated dimension. A locking mechanism locks the attachment coupler to a corresponding guide once a desired position is found for the support leg.

Abstract translation: 定位杆包括细长的中心极，设置在中心极的外表面上的第一引导件，第一支撑腿和将第一支撑腿枢转地附接到第一引导件的第一附接联接器。 第一引导件具有平行于极细长尺寸的细长尺寸。 第一连接耦合器具有平行于引导件的细长尺寸，第一面和第二面定向的细长尺寸。 第一附接联接器的第一面具有与杆的第一引导件相互配合的轮廓表面，并且使得第一连接联接器能够沿着垂直于引导件的细长尺寸的方向沿着第一引导件的细长尺寸滑动而不从引导件分离。 一旦找到用于支撑腿的所需位置，锁定机构将附接联接器锁定到相应的引导件。

公开(公告)号：US06278407B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-21

申请号：US09255932

申请日：1999-02-23

Applicant: Javad Ashjaee ,  Vladimir S. Filippov ,  Dmitry V. Tatarnikov ,  Andrej V. Astakhov ,  Igor V. Sutjagin

Inventor： Javad Ashjaee ,  Vladimir S. Filippov ,  Dmitry V. Tatarnikov ,  Andrej V. Astakhov ,  Igor V. Sutjagin

IPC: H01Q138

CPC classification number: H01Q19/10 ,  H01Q9/0407 ,  H01Q9/0478

Abstract: Choke-ring ground planes are commonly used for multipath rejection in geodetic surveying systems. Such ground planes consist of a thick metal disc with deep grooves on one of the flat surfaces. An antenna is mounted in the center of the grooved surface. Known ground planes used in dual frequency communication systems (L1 and L2) could not be constructed to have good rejection of multipath signals in both L1 and L2 frequencies; instead, they are constructed for good rejection of multipath signals in L2 but not good for the rejection of multipath signals in L1. A first invention provides for equally good multipath rejection for both L1 and L2 frequencies by incorporating novel electromagnetic filter structures within the choke-ring grooves. The filter structures of the present invention enable the choke ring to provide multipath rejection in each frequency band which is as good as, or better than, the multipath rejection achieved in the L2 band with existing devices. A second invention provides for groove depths which are less than one-quarter wavelength of the frequency which has the longer wavelength (e.g., the L2 frequency in the GPS system). The shorter groove depth of the second invention provides better multipath rejection for the L2. Both inventions may be used together to improve multipath rejection for both L1 and L2 bands. A third invention of the application relates to methods of constructing choke ring ground planes which may be applied to the other inventions disclosed herein as well as existing prior art ground planes and future ground planes.

Abstract translation: 扼流圈接地平面通常用于大地测量系统中的多径拒收。 这种接地平面由在其中一个平坦表面上具有深槽的厚金属盘组成。 天线安装在带槽表面的中心。 在双频通信系统（L1和L2）中使用的已知接地层不能被构造为在L1和L2频率中具有良好的多径信号抑制; 相反，它们被构造为在L2中对多径信号的良好抑制，但不利于L1中的多径信号的抑制。 第一发明通过在扼流环槽内并入新颖的电磁滤波器结构来为L1和L2频率提供同样好的多路径抑制。 本发明的滤波器结构使得扼流环能够在每个频带中提供与现有设备的L2频带中实现的多径抑制一样好或更好的多径抑制。 第二个发明提供的槽深度小于具有较长波长（例如，GPS系统中的L2频率）的频率的四分之一波长。 第二发明的较短沟槽深度为L2提供更好的多径抑制。 两个发明可以一起使用以改善L1和L2频带的多径抑制。 本申请的第三个发明涉及可应用于本文公开的其它发明以及现有现有技术接地平面和未来接地平面的构造扼流环接地层的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06268824B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09399077

申请日：1999-09-18

Applicant: Mark Isaakovich Zhodzishky ,  Victor Abramovich Veitsel ,  Michail Y. Vorobiev ,  Javad Ashjaee

Inventor： Mark Isaakovich Zhodzishky ,  Victor Abramovich Veitsel ,  Michail Y. Vorobiev ,  Javad Ashjaee

IPC: G01S502

CPC classification number: H04B7/18552 ,  G01S19/37 ,  G01S19/41 ,  G01S19/44

Abstract: Satellites of the GPS and GLONASS navigation systems broadcast code signals which are modulated onto respective carrier signals, and which are received by two receivers on Earth. The first receiver is situated at a point with known coordinates. The results of its measurements are transmitted to a user at a second receiver through a connection link, the user being interested in knowing his or her positioning. The second receiver is similar to the first receiver and it receives the signals of the same satellites. By processing data from the measurements of code delays and carrier phase shifts in the satellite signals received by two receivers, the methods and apparatuses of the inventions of the present application determine the location of the user with high precision and make the time indications of receiver clocks more accurate and exact. In the first invention, the measurements of two receivers are related to a common time moment by extrapolating measurement data that has arrived through the connection link with a delay. This common time moment is defined by the user. An extrapolating unit examines the measurements to find and discard measurements with abnormal errors. The unit then generates extrapolated measurement data (e.g., predictions) for the common time based upon the most reliable data. In the second invention, cycle slips in the phase-lock loops (PLLs) of the receivers, which may be caused by blockage of direct signals from the satellites, strong interference signals, and reflections, are detected and corrected in a multi-loop nonlinear tracking system. In the third invention, the procedure of resolution of phase measurement ambiguities comprises the preliminary estimation of floating ambiguities by a recurrent (e.g., iterative) procedure including the simultaneous processing of code and phase measurements for all satellites for each processing time interval, and the gradual improvement of the result as the information is accumulated. After the resolution of ambiguity, the user coordinates are estimated with centimeter accuracy on the basis of phase measurements on the carrier frequency.

公开(公告)号：US06219376B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09027550

申请日：1998-02-21

Applicant: Mark I. Zhodzishsky ,  Michail Y. Vorobiev ,  Victor A. Prasolov ,  Javad Ashjaee

Inventor： Mark I. Zhodzishsky ,  Michail Y. Vorobiev ,  Victor A. Prasolov ,  Javad Ashjaee

IPC: H04B1500

CPC classification number: H04B1/1036

Abstract: Method of suppression of narrow-band interferences attending at the receiver input added to the useful broadband signal and noise. There is a disclosed compensator rejecting narrow-band interferences by means of adjustment loops. Two general methods of construction of such loops are considered. The first general method is based on filtration of the in-phase and quadrature components of the error vector—difference of the interference vector and compensating vector. The second method is based on filtration of the amplitude and full phase of the interference signal. Automatic tuning of the compensator to the mean frequency and effective interference band is ensured.

Abstract translation: 抑制在接收机输入端附加到有用的宽带信号和噪声的窄带干扰的方法。有一个公开的补偿器通过调整环路拒绝窄带干扰。 考虑构建这种环的两种一般方法。 第一种一般方法是基于干涉矢量和补偿矢量的误差向量差的同相和正交分量的滤波。 第二种方法是基于过滤干扰信号的幅度和全相。 确保补偿器自动调谐到平均频率和有效干扰频带。

公开(公告)号：US09250328B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-02

申请号：US12571244

申请日：2009-09-30

Applicant: Javad Ashjaee ,  Mikhail Gribkov ,  Lev Rapoport

Inventor： Javad Ashjaee ,  Mikhail Gribkov ,  Lev Rapoport

IPC: G06K9/00 ,  G01S19/14 ,  G01C15/06 ,  G01C15/08 ,  G06T7/00 ,  G01C11/30 ,  G01S19/01 ,  G01C15/00 ,  G01C15/02 ,  G01C11/02 ,  G01C21/00

CPC classification number: G01S19/14 ,  G01C11/02 ,  G01C11/30 ,  G01C15/002 ,  G01C15/02 ,  G01C15/06 ,  G01C15/08 ,  G01C21/005 ,  G01S19/01 ,  G06T7/70 ,  G06T7/97

Abstract: A graphics-aided geodesic device is provided. The device may include a display, camera, distance meter, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System, including GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo) receiver and antenna, and horizon sensors. Data from the camera and horizon sensors may be displayed to assist the user in positioning the device over a point of interest. In one example, the distance meter may be used to determine the position of the point of interest. In another example, images of the point of interest taken from multiple locations may be used to determine the position of the point of interest.

Abstract translation: 提供了图形辅助测地装置。 该设备可以包括显示器，照相机，距离计，GNSS（全球导航卫星系统，包括GPS，GLONASS和伽利略）接收器和天线以及水平传感器。 可以显示来自相机和地平线传感器的数据，以帮助用户将设备定位在感兴趣的点上。 在一个示例中，距离计可用于确定兴趣点的位置。 在另一示例中，可以使用从多个位置取得的兴趣点的图像来确定兴趣点的位置。

公开(公告)号：US20120299936A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-29

申请号：US13301669

申请日：2011-11-21

Applicant: Javad Ashjaee ,  Mikhail Gribkov ,  Lev B. Rapoport

Inventor： Javad Ashjaee ,  Mikhail Gribkov ,  Lev B. Rapoport

IPC: G06T1/00 ,  G01S19/45

CPC classification number: G01C21/00 ,  G01C15/00 ,  G01C15/008 ,  G01C21/005 ,  G01S19/14

Abstract: A graphics-aided geodesic device is provided. The device includes an antenna for receiving position data from a plurality of satellites and a receiver coupled to the antenna. The device further includes orientation circuitry for obtaining orientation data. The orientation data represents an orientation of the apparatus with respect to a plane parallel with a horizon. The device further includes positioning circuitry for determining the position of the point of interest based at least on the position data and the orientation data.

Abstract translation: 提供了图形辅助测地装置。 该装置包括用于从多个卫星接收位置数据的天线和耦合到天线的接收机。 该装置还包括用于获得取向数据的定向电路。 取向数据表示装置相对于与水平线平行的平面的取向。 该装置还包括至少基于位置数据和取向数据来确定兴趣点的位置的定位电路。

公开(公告)号：US08125376B1

公开(公告)日：2012-02-28

申请号：US12871705

申请日：2010-08-30

Applicant: Javad Ashjaee ,  Lev B. Rapoport ,  Mikhail Gribkov ,  Alexander Gribkov

Inventor： Javad Ashjaee ,  Lev B. Rapoport ,  Mikhail Gribkov ,  Alexander Gribkov

IPC: G01S19/14 ,  G01S19/40 ,  G01S19/47 ,  G01S19/51 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/36

CPC classification number: G01S19/43 ,  G01C11/00 ,  G01S5/16 ,  G01S19/47

Abstract: A handheld GNSS device for determining position data for a point of interest is provided. The device includes a housing, handgrips integral to the housing for enabling a user to hold the device, and a display screen integral with the housing for displaying image data and orientation data to assist a user in positioning the device. The device further includes a GNSS antenna and at least one communication antenna, both integral with the housing. The GNSS antenna receives position data from a plurality of satellites. One or more communication antennas receive positioning assistance data related to the position data from a base station. The GNSS antenna has a first antenna pattern, and the at least one communication antenna has a second antenna pattern. The GNSS antenna and the communication antenna(s) are configured such that the first and second antenna patterns are substantially separated. Coupled to the GNSS antenna, within the housing, is at least one receiver. Further, the device includes, within the housing, orientation circuitry for generating orientation data of the housing based upon a position of the housing related to the horizon, imaging circuitry for obtaining image data concerning the point of interest for display on the display screen, and positioning circuitry, coupled to the at least one receiver, the imaging circuitry, and the orientation circuitry, for determining a position for the point of interest based on at least the position data, the positioning assistance data, the orientation data, and the image data.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于确定兴趣点的位置数据的手持式GNSS装置。 该装置包括壳体，与壳体一体的手柄，用于使用户能够握持装置，以及与壳体一体的显示屏幕，用于显示图像数据和取向数据，以帮助用户定位装置。 该装置还包括GNSS天线和至少一个与壳体一体的通信天线。 GNSS天线从多个卫星接收位置数据。 一个或多个通信天线从基站接收与位置数据相关的定位辅助数据。 GNSS天线具有第一天线方向图，并且所述至少一个通信天线具有第二天线方向图。 GNSS天线和通信天线被配置为使得第一和第二天线图案基本上分离。 耦合到GNSS天线，在壳体内，是至少一个接收器。 此外，该装置在壳体内包括用于基于与水平线相关的壳体的位置产生壳体的取向数据的定向电路，用于获得关于用于在显示屏上显示的兴趣点的图像数据的成像电路，以及 至少一个接收器，成像电路和取向电路的定位电路，至少基于位置数据，定位辅助数据，取向数据和图像数据来确定兴趣点的位置 。

公开(公告)号：US08120527B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-21

申请号：US12360808

申请日：2009-01-27

Applicant: Javad Ashjaee ,  Lev B. Rapoport ,  Dmitry Kinkulkin ,  Vladimir Yefriemov

Inventor： Javad Ashjaee ,  Lev B. Rapoport ,  Dmitry Kinkulkin ,  Vladimir Yefriemov

IPC: G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/14

CPC classification number: G01S19/44 ,  G01S19/14 ,  G01S19/54

Abstract: A rover processor determines position of a rover based upon the interaction between multiple antennas located at the rover and multiple antennas located at a base. The rover antennas may include a rover master antenna having a phase center located at the centroid of the antennas patterns of at least two auxiliary rover antennas. The rover processor may determine the position of the rover master antenna based upon the relative positions of at least two rover antennas (e.g., the rover master antenna and at least one rover auxiliary antenna, or at least two rover auxiliary antennas) with respect to at least two antennas of a base transceiver.

Abstract translation: 流动站处理器基于位于流动站处的多个天线与位于基地的多个天线之间的交互来确定流动站的位置。 漫游器天线可以包括具有位于至少两个辅助漫游器天线的天线图案的质心的相位中心的漫游器主天线。 流动站处理器可以基于至少两个漫游者天线（例如，漫游器主天线和至少一个漫游器辅助天线或至少两个漫游器辅助天线）相对于在...的相对位置来确定漫游器主天线的位置 基站收发器的至少两个天线。

公开(公告)号：US20110231057A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-22

申请号：US12728046

申请日：2010-03-19

Applicant: Javad Ashjaee ,  Alexander V. Pesterev ,  Lev B. Rapoport

Inventor： Javad Ashjaee ,  Alexander V. Pesterev ,  Lev B. Rapoport

IPC: G01C21/00 ,  B62D6/00

CPC classification number: B62D1/28 ,  A01B69/008 ,  B62D1/02 ,  G05D1/02

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for generating at least one segment of an offset path for a vehicle based on at least one segment of a base path is provided. The at least one segment of the base path is represented by a stored set of data points. The computer-implemented method includes comparing the at least one segment of the base path to a curvature constraint to determine if the at least one segment of the base path violates the curvature constraint. The curvature constraint is based on a characteristic of the vehicle and a desired offset distance from the at least one segment of the base path. The characteristic reflects the vehicle's ability to traverse at least one segment of a path. The method further includes modifying the at least one segment of the base path to satisfy the curvature constraint, if the at least one segment of the base path violates the curvature constraint. At least one segment of an offset path for the vehicle to follow is generated based upon the desired offset distance from the modified at least one segment of the base path.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于基于基本路径的至少一个段来生成用于车辆的偏移路径的至少一个段的计算机实现的方法。 基本路径的至少一个段由一组存储的数据点表示。 计算机实现的方法包括将基本路径的至少一个段与曲率约束进行比较，以确定基本路径的至少一个段是否违反曲率约束。 曲率约束基于车辆的特性和距离基本路径的至少一个段的期望的偏移距离。 该特征反映了车辆穿过至少一段路径的能力。 如果基本路径的至少一个段违反曲率约束，该方法还包括修改基本路径的至少一个段以满足曲率约束。 基于与基本路径的修改的至少一个段的期望的偏移距离来生成用于车辆跟随的偏移路径的至少一个段。

公开(公告)号：US06493378B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09226774

申请日：1999-01-06

Applicant: Mark Isaakovich Zhodzishsky ,  Victor Abramovich Veitsel ,  Javad Ashjaee

Inventor： Mark Isaakovich Zhodzishsky ,  Victor Abramovich Veitsel ,  Javad Ashjaee

IPC: H04L710

CPC classification number: H04B1/7085 ,  G01S19/22 ,  H04B1/709 ,  H04B2201/70715

Abstract: The present application is applicable to receivers for Global Positions (GP) systems which use delay-lock loops (DLLs) and, optionally, phase-lock loops (PLLs). The application discloses multipath error reduction techniques which enable the multipath errors in DLL systems to be made much less than the error present in known narrow “early-late” correlators, or their corresponding implementations which use strobe representations of the PR-code. Also disclosed are multipath error reduction techniques that enable multipath errors in the PLL systems to be reduced. The techniques, when applied to both the DLL and PLL systems work synergistically to further reduce multipath errors.

Abstract translation: 本申请适用于使用延迟锁定循环（DLL）和任选的锁相环（PLL）的全球定位（GP）系统的接收机。 该应用公开了多径误差减少技术，其使DLL系统中的多径错误比现有的窄“早期”相关器或其使用PR代码的选通表示的相应实现方式中的误差小得多。 还公开了能够减少PLL系统中的多径错误的多路径误差减少技术。 当应用于DLL和PLL系统时，这些技术协同工作，以进一步减少多径错误。