摘要:
A photonic assembly is described. The assembly comprises a substrate. An optical modulator (100) in or on the substrate has an output port coupled to an output waveguide (106) mounted in or on the substrate. A spiller waveguide (107, 108) is mounted in or on the substrate. The spiller waveguide (107, 108) has an input end (109, 110) physically separated from but proximate to the output waveguide (106) so as to collect light spilt from the output port or output waveguide (106). The modulator (106) may be a MZI modulator.
摘要:
The present invention provides a purification method for air sensitive steroids, by reacting an amino acid or an analogue thereof with the 21-aldehyde oxidation product of such air sensitive steroids to form an adduct that is separated from the purified air sensitive steroids.
摘要:
Provided are processes for the preparation of lyophilized pharmaceutically acceptable salts of pemetrexed diacid, in particular, pemetrexed disodium salt, directly from pemetrexed diacid or salts thereof, i.e., without isolating the obtained pemetrexed salt prior to lyophilizing it.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of preparing norelgestromin or norgestimate by reacting the corresponding 3-oxosteroid precursor with hydroxylamine HCl and a base to obtain a reaction mixture forming norelgestromin or norgestimate; monitoring the anti/syn ratio of the norelgestromin or norgestimate produced in the reaction mixture; adding a base to the reaction mixture to neutralize acidity in the reaction mixture when a desired anti/syn ratio is detected; and isolating the norelgestromin or norgestimate. The present invention also provides a process allowing a control of the formation of the anti isomer and syn isomer of norelgestromin or norgestimate by reacting the corresponding 3-oxosteroid precursor with hydroxylamine HCl and a base to obtain a reaction mixture forming norelgestromin or norgestimate; regulating the acidity of the reaction mixture to adjust the anti/syn ratio of the norelgestromin or norgestimate produced in the reaction mixture; adding a base to the reaction mixture to neutralize acidity in the reaction mixture when a desired anti/syn ratio is detected; and isolating the norelgestromin or norgestimate.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a novel method for manufacture of sertindole comprising manufacturing 5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indole and converting it to sertindole wherein the method for manufacture of 5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indole comprises reacting 5-chloro-indole with a 4-fluorophenylhalide in the presence of a base, a chelating ligand and catalytic amounts of a copper salt comprising copper(I) or copper(II) and an anion which does not interfere in an unfavourable way with the reaction.
摘要:
A process which allows the re-use of compounds of formula ##STR1## in diltiazem synthesis through a process of conversion to a mixture of enantiomers III-(2R,3R) and III-(2S,3S) is described.
摘要:
A process for purifying Iopamidol which uses a butanol as solvent is described. Iopamidol is obtained with high yields, also starting from aqueous solutions of the same and has characteristics in accordance with those required by pharmacopoeia.
摘要:
A process is described for preparing alpha-arylalkanoic acids, which comprises preparing and subsequently rearranging ketals of formula ##STR1## (in which Ar, R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 have the meanings given in the description).The ketals of formula II are prepared from the corresponding alpha-hydroxyketals.The rearrangement reaction is conducted under mild conditions.
摘要:
Provided are crystalline forms of N-[4-[2-(2-amino-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid, pemetrexed diacid, and processes for the preparation thereof.