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公开(公告)号：US4974964A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-04
申请号：US436931
申请日：1989-11-13
CPC分类号： B01F15/0408 , G03G5/0525 , Y10T137/2509
摘要： An apparatus for preparing electrophotographic photosensitive members comprises a means for forming a charge generation layer by coating a charge generation layer coating solution containing two or more kinds of charge-generating materials having different maximum absorption wavelengths, wherein the apparatus further comprises a means for measuring absorbance or transmittance at the respective maximum absorption wavelengths of said coating solution to measure the mixing ratio of the respective charge-generating materials, and a means for controlling the mixing ratio by controlling the feed amount of the respective charge-generating materials.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制备电子照相感光构件的装置包括通过涂布含有两种或更多种具有不同最大吸收波长的电荷产生材料的电荷产生层涂布溶液形成电荷产生层的装置，其中该装置还包括用于测量吸光度的装置 或在所述涂布溶液的各个最大吸收波长处的透射率，以测量各个电荷产生材料的混合比，以及通过控制各个电荷产生材料的进料量来控制混合比的装置。
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12.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4931841A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-05
申请号：US137104
申请日：1987-12-23
申请人： Toshiyuki Yoshihara
发明人： Toshiyuki Yoshihara
IPC分类号： G03G21/00
CPC分类号： G03G21/00 , G03G21/0011
摘要： An electrophotographic apparatus comprises an electrophotographic photosensitive member and means for applying an electrophotographic cycle to the photosensitive member. The electrophotographic cycle includes charging, image exposure, toner development, toner transfer, remaining toner cleaning, and exposure for erasing remaining electric charge. The electrophotographic cycle application means includes abrasion means. By setting the abrasion function of the abrasion means to provide an abrasion of the surface layer of the photosensitive member at a rate of 250 .ANG.or more per 1000 electrophotographic cycles applied to the photosensitive member, the deterioration of image quality such as image-flow and fading of images caused by succession of electrophotographic cycles is effectively prevented particularly with respect to a photosensitive member with a small diameter.
摘要翻译： 电摄影装置包括电照相感光构件和用于向感光构件施加电子照相循环的装置。 电子照相循环包括充电，图像曝光，调色剂显影，调色剂转印，剩余墨粉清洁和用于擦除剩余电荷的曝光。 电照相循环施加装置包括磨损装置。 通过设置磨损装置的磨损功能，以每施加到感光构件上的每1000次电照相循环的速度为250安/升以上的速度提供感光构件的表面层的磨损，图像流动和图像质量的劣化 相对于具有小直径的感光部件，特别是有效地防止了由连续的电子照相循环引起的图像的褪色。
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公开(公告)号：US4855202A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-08
申请号：US165099
申请日：1988-03-07
CPC分类号： G03G5/047 , G03G5/0542 , G03G5/056 , G03G5/0596
摘要： An electrophotographic photosensitive member having the structure comprising a conductive substrate laminated thereon with (i) a charge generation layer comprising two or more kinds of charge-generating materials incorporated in binder resins and (ii) a charge transport layer, wherein said charge generation layer comprises at least a first charge generating material dispersed in a first binder resin and a second charge generating material dispersed in a second binder resin, such that the binder resins in the charge generating layer are incompatible with each other.
摘要翻译： 一种电子照相感光构件，其结构包括其上层压的导电基底，其具有（i）包含结合到粘合剂树脂中的两种或更多种电荷产生材料的电荷产生层和（ii）至少第一电荷产生材料的电荷输送层 分散在第一粘合剂树脂和分散在第二粘合剂树脂中的第二电荷产生材料，使得电荷产生层中的粘合剂树脂彼此不相容。
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14.发明授权Electrophotographic member with surface layer having fluorine resin powder and fluorine graft polymer 失效具有表面层的具有氟树脂粉末和氟接枝聚合物的电子照相构件
公开(公告)号：US4792507A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-20
申请号：US26176
申请日：1987-03-16
CPC分类号： G03G5/14786 , G03G5/14791
摘要： An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on an electroconductive substrate comprises a surface layer containing a fluorine type resin powder and a fluorine type graft polymer.
摘要翻译： 在导电性基体上具有感光层的电子照相感光构件包括含有氟型树脂粉末和氟型接枝聚合物的表面层。
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15.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4716091A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-29
申请号：US829935
申请日：1986-02-18
CPC分类号： G03G5/0592 , G03G5/0578 , G03G5/14791
摘要： An image holding member has a surface layer containing a silicone type comb shaped graft polymer having a silicone portion at the side chain.
摘要翻译： 图像保持部件具有包含在侧链具有硅氧烷部分的硅酮型梳状接枝聚合物的表面层。
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公开(公告)号：US09383660B2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-05
申请号：US13464114
申请日：2012-05-04
CPC分类号： G03F7/70883 , G03F7/705
摘要： An exposure apparatus which includes a projection optical system and exposes a substrate to radiant energy via the projection optical system, includes a temperature measuring device configured to perform measurement of a temperature of a temperature measurement portion of the projection optical system, and a controller configured to perform prediction of a change in an optical characteristic of the projection optical system based on a change in temperature measured by the temperature measuring device, and to perform processing of reduction, based on the prediction, of a change in a state of an image formed on the substrate by the projection optical system, wherein the controller is configured to perform the prediction in accordance with a second-order lag response function to the change in temperature of the temperature measurement portion.
摘要翻译： 一种包括投影光学系统并通过投影光学系统将基板暴露于辐射能的曝光装置，包括：温度测量装置，被配置为执行投影光学系统的温度测量部分的温度测量;以及控制器，被配置为 基于由温度测量装置测量的温度变化来执行投影光学系统的光学特性的变化的预测，并且基于预测，执行基于预测的图像形成状态的变化的处理 所述投影光学系统的所述基板，其中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述温度测量部分的温度变化的二阶滞后响应函数来执行所述预测。
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17.发明申请OPTICAL APPARATUS, METHOD OF DETERMINING POSITION OF OPTICAL ELEMENT IN OPTICAL SYSTEM, AND DEVICE MANUFACTURING METHOD 有权光学装置，光学系统中光学元件的位置确定方法及装置制造方法公开(公告)号：US20070115458A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-24
申请号：US11627125
申请日：2007-01-25
IPC分类号： G01B9/00
CPC分类号： G03F7/706 , G02B7/005 , G02B27/0068 , G03F7/70258
摘要： An optical apparatus including an image forming optical system having a movable optical element, and a driving mechanism which moves the optical element is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a first block which obtains a linear evaluation value by normalizing, by a first tolerance, an aberration expressed by a linear function of a position of the movable optical element out of aberrations of the optical system, and a quadratic evaluation value by normalizing, by a second tolerance, an aberration expressed by a quadratic function of the position out of the aberrations of the optical system, a second block which obtains a minimum value of a dummy variable by linear programming using an upper limit value of the linear evaluation value as the dummy variable, and a third block which determines a position of the optical element to be moved by the driving mechanism so as to minimize a weighted sum of the quadratic evaluation values with respect to a plurality of image heights by using, as the upper limit value of the linear evaluation value, a value prepared by adding a relaxation amount to the minimum value of the dummy variable that is obtained by the second block. The third block minimizes the weighted sum of the quadratic evaluation values by adjusting the weights assigned to the quadratic evaluation values and the relaxation amount.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括具有可移动光学元件的成像光学系统和移动光学元件的驱动机构的光学装置。 该装置包括第一块，其通过以第一公差标准化由光学系统的像差中的可移动光学元件的位置的线性函数所表示的像差，以及通过归一化归一化二次评估值来获得线性评估值 通过第二公差，由光学系统的像差之外的位置的二次函数表示的像差，通过使用线性评估值的上限值通过线性规划获得虚拟变量的最小值的第二块 作为虚拟变量，以及第三块，其确定由驱动机构移动的光学元件的位置，以便通过使用作为上部的图像来最小化相对于多个图像高度的二次评估值的加权和 线性评估值的极限值，通过将松弛量与由该se获得的虚拟变量的最小值相加而制备的值 cond block。 第三块通过调整分配给二次评价值的权重和松弛量来最小化二次评价值的加权和。
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18.发明授权Image forming method using a surface with a specified water contact angle and process cartridge using such a method 失效使用具有特定水接触角的表面和使用这种方法的处理盒的图像形成方法
公开(公告)号：US5715501A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-03
申请号：US770408
申请日：1997-01-22
CPC分类号： G03G15/75 , G03G13/08 , G03G5/005 , G03G5/14726 , G03G9/0819 , G03G9/0821 , G03G9/0823 , G03G9/09708 , G03G2221/183
摘要： An image forming method includes forming an electrostatic latent image on an image bearing member having a surface of which contact angle with water is at least 90.degree., forming a toner layer on a toner carrying member, bringing the toner layer into contact with the surface of the image bearing member on which the electrostatic latent image has been formed, while rotating the image bearing member and the toner carrying member reciprocally, and developing the electrostatic latent image by the use of the toner of the toner layer to form a toner image.
摘要翻译： 图像形成方法包括在具有与水的接触角至少为90°的表面的图像承载部件上形成静电潜像，在调色剂承载部件上形成调色剂层，使调色剂层与 图像承载部件，其上形成有静电潜像，同时使图像承载部件和调色剂承载部件往复地旋转，并且通过使用调色剂层的调色剂使静电潜像显影以形成调色剂图像。
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公开(公告)号：US5576810A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US536843
申请日：1995-09-29
申请人： Shuichi Aita , Toshiyuki Yoshihara , Tsutomu Kukimoto , Satoshi Yoshida , Yoshifumi Hano , Yuki Nishio
发明人： Shuichi Aita , Toshiyuki Yoshihara , Tsutomu Kukimoto , Satoshi Yoshida , Yoshifumi Hano , Yuki Nishio
CPC分类号： G03G15/326 , G03G15/04045 , G03G21/0064 , G03G2221/0005
摘要： An electrophotographic image forming method including a toner image transfer step and eliminating an independent step for cleaning transfer residual toner is operated without causing ghost images and with good gradation and dot reproducibilities. In the method, the photosensitive member is exposed at an exposure intensity which is at least a minimum exposure intensity and below a maximum exposure intensity. The minimum exposure intensity is determined on a surface potential-exposure intensity characteristic curve of the photosensitive member by determining a first slope S1 of a straight line connecting a point giving a dark part potential Vd and a point giving a value of (Vd+ a residual potential Vr)/2, determining a contact point between a tangent line having a slope of S1/20 and the surface potential-exposure intensity characteristic curve and determining the minimum exposure intensity as an exposure intensity at the contact point. The maximum exposure intensity is determined as 5 times a half-attenuation exposure intensity.
摘要翻译： 包括调色剂图像转印步骤和消除用于清洁转印残余调色剂的独立步骤的电子照相图像形成方法被操作而不引起重影并具有良好的灰度和点重现性。 在该方法中，感光构件以至少最小曝光强度并低于最大曝光强度的曝光强度曝光。 通过确定连接提供暗部电位Vd的点的直线的第一斜率S1和给出（Vd + a残留电位）的点，确定感光构件的表面电位 - 曝光强度特性曲线上的最小曝光强度 Vr）/ 2，确定具有S1 / 20的斜率的切线与表面电位 - 曝光强度特性曲线之间的接触点，并确定最小曝光强度作为接触点处的曝光强度。 最大曝光强度被确定为半衰减曝光强度的5倍。
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公开(公告)号：US5384625A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-24
申请号：US171409
申请日：1993-12-22
CPC分类号： G03G5/0616 , G03G13/22 , G03G5/047 , G03G5/0614 , G03G5/0696
摘要： An image forming process is carried out through the steps of electrostatically charging a cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive member, forming an electrostatic latent image by image exposure, developing the latent image and transferring the developed image to a transfer member. The photosensitive member is comprised of a conductive support and a photosensitive layer which contains oxytitanium phthalocyanine as a charge-generating material and a charge-transporting material. The charge-generating material and the charge-transporting material have a work function (W.sub.F.sup.CG) and a work function (W.sub.F.sup.CT), respectively. Those work functions satisfies the following relationship:-0.2
摘要翻译： 通过对圆柱形电子照相感光构件静电充电，通过图像曝光形成静电潜像，显影潜像并将显影图像转印到转印构件的步骤进行图像形成处理。 感光构件由导电性支持体和含有氧钛酞菁作为电荷发生材料和电荷输送材料的感光层构成。 电荷产生材料和电荷输送材料分别具有功函数（WFCG）和功函数（WFCT）。 这些功函数满足以下关系：-0.2
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