公开(公告)号：US07221732B1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-22

申请号：US11394406

申请日：2006-03-31

Applicant: Martin Annis

Inventor： Martin Annis

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  H05G1/64 ,  H05G1/00

CPC classification number: G01N23/04 ,  G01N2223/3307 ,  G01N2223/3308

Abstract: An imaging system and method for taking an image of an object. The imaging system comprises a mechanism that propels the object linearly in a direction of motion through an imaging region that has a top, bottom, front, and rear; an x-ray source located below the bottom, aligned with the front, and emitting an x-ray cone beam to the imaging region; and a plurality of x-ray detector assemblies, each of the detector assemblies including a linear row of detectors above and parallel to the top and perpendicular to the direction of motion, and a linear column of detectors outside of and parallel to the rear right side and extending at an angle to the direction of motion, wherein each of the detector assemblies defines an x-ray fan beam within the x-ray cone beam. A second system embodiment duplicates the x-ray source/detector assemblage and rotates the second assemblage by 90° around the object. In the method, a number of x-ray fan beams are emitted from a single location at different angles and the object is propelled linearly through the fan beams. The x-ray intensity of each fan beam passing through a voxel is read and those x-ray intensities are combined in accordance to standard laminography practice to generate an image for the voxel. In this way, images for all voxels are generated and used to produce an image of the entire object. With the second system embodiment, two sets of voxel images are generated, which allows views from a full 180° for all voxels in the object. Applying computer tomography reconstruction algorithms can produce CT images.

Abstract translation: 一种用于拍摄物体的图像的成像系统和方法。 成像系统包括通过具有顶部，底部，前部和后部的成像区域在运动方向上线性推进物体的机构; 位于底部下方的与前部对准的x射线源，并将X射线锥束发射到成像区域; 和多个X射线检测器组件，每个检测器组件包括在顶部并且平行于运动方向的上方并平行的线性行的检测器，以及在后右侧并且平行于右后侧的线性列检测器 并且以与运动方向成一定角度延伸，其中每个检测器组件在X射线锥形束内限定X射线扇形束。 第二系统实施例复制x射线源/检测器组合并使第二组合围绕对象旋转90°。 在该方法中，多个x射线扇形光束以不同的角度从单个位置发射，并且物体通过扇形光束线性地推进。 读取通过体素的每个扇形光束的x射线强度，并根据标准层析实践组合这些X射线强度，以生成体素的图像。 以这种方式，生成所有体素的图像并用于产生整个对象的图像。 利用第二系统实施例，生成两组体素图像，其允许对象中的所有体素的完整180°的视图。 应用计算机断层扫描重建算法可以生成CT图像。

公开(公告)号：US07012987B1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-14

申请号：US11039460

申请日：2005-01-19

Applicant: Martin Annis

Inventor： Martin Annis

IPC: G01N23/04

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016

Abstract: A method for substantially reducing the contribution of dense regions of an object while less dense regions of the object are being processed in a laminography blurring system. The method comprises the steps of positioning an x-ray source with a moving fan beam on one side of the object; positioning a row of x-ray detectors on the side of the object opposite that of the x-ray source; sequentially emitting a plurality of x-ray fan beams along an x-ray source line and directed through a focused pixel of the object to the row of x-ray detectors; sampling the x-ray detectors once for each of the fan beams for a total of it samples of intensity Ii; determining the maximum intensity Imax from the samples Ii; choosing a parameter P greater than one; retaining only those samples Ii that are greater than or equal to Imax/P; summing the retained samples; and normalizing the resultant sum. Normalizing can include multiplying the sum by the total number of samples divided by the number of retained samples.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在层析模糊系统中正在处理物体的较小密度区域的情况下，大大减少物体的致密区域的贡献的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：将X射线源与移动的扇形光束定位在物体的一侧上; 将一排X射线检测器放置在物体的与X射线源相反的一侧; 沿X射线源线顺序地发射多个x射线扇形束，并将该物体的聚焦像素引导到X射线检测器行; 对于每个风扇光束对x射线检测器进行一次采样，总共测量强度I I i的样本; 从样品I I i确定最大强度I最大值; 选择参数P大于1; 仅保留大于或等于I最大值/ P的那些样品I

公开(公告)号：US06785360B1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-31

申请号：US10288244

申请日：2002-11-05

Applicant: Martin Annis

Inventor： Martin Annis

IPC: H01J3530

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/04 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4071

Abstract: A personnel x-ray inspection system includes an electron source that provides a pencil beam of electrons. An electromagnet assembly receives the pencil beam of electrons and directs the beam of electrons along a line to form a scanning redirected beam under the control of a scan command signal. The scanning redirected beam strikes a target and generates a cone of x-rays that moves along a target line as a result of the scanning redirected beam. A collimator receives the scanning cone of x-rays and generates a collimated traveling pencil beam, which is directed to a person under inspection. A moving platform translates the person under inspection through the collimated traveling pencil beam. A backscatter detector detects backscattered x-rays, and provides a backscattered detected signal indicative thereof. A system controller provides the scan command signal, and also receives and processes the backscattered detected signal.

Abstract translation: 人员x射线检查系统包括提供铅笔电子束的电子源。 电磁体组件接收铅笔的电子束并且在扫描指令信号的控制下沿着一条线引导电子束以形成扫描重定向的光束。 扫描重定向光束撞击目标，并产生作为扫描重定向光束的结果沿目标线移动的x射线锥。 准直器接收X射线的扫描锥体，并产生准直的行进铅笔光束，该光束指向被检查的人。 移动平台通过平行行进的笔式横梁翻译被检查者。 反向散射检测器检测反向散射的X射线，并提供指示其的反向散射检测信号。 系统控制器提供扫描命令信号，并且还接收并处理反向散射检测信号。

公开(公告)号：US5493596A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-20

申请号：US486035

申请日：1995-07-07

Applicant: Martin Annis

Inventor： Martin Annis

IPC: G01N23/10 ,  G01V5/00 ,  G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01N23/10

Abstract: A high-energy X-ray inspection system comprises an X-ray source for generating high energy X rays for inspecting the contents of large objects. The source is contained within an enclosure having an integrally-formed precollimator device that limits the radiation emitted from the source to form a "fan-beam" of X rays. A novel rotating cylindrical collimator converts the fan-beam into a pencil-beam of X rays, which is further limited by a fixed-slit collimator. The high-energy pencil-beam penetrates the entire area of an object and is intercepted by a detector, which transforms the X rays into image data for presentation on a display screen.

Abstract translation: 高能X射线检查系统包括用于产生高能X射线的X射线源，用于检查大物体的内容物。 源包含在具有整体形成的预聚焦装置的外壳内，其限制从源发射的辐射以形成X射线的“扇形束”。 一种新颖的旋转圆柱准直器将扇形光束转换成X射线的铅笔束，其进一步受到固定狭缝准直器的限制。 高能量铅笔光束穿透物体的整个区域并被检测器拦截，检测器将X射线转换成用于在显示屏上呈现的图像数据。

公开(公告)号：US5253283A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-12

申请号：US811685

申请日：1991-12-23

Applicant: Martin Annis ,  Gerard P. Riley

Inventor： Martin Annis ,  Gerard P. Riley

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G01V5/00 ,  H05G1/64

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: An inspection system using penetrating radiation wherein pixels corresponding to transmitted radiation which has been attenuated to at least a predetermined level are displayed in a first color. Pixels which correspond to radiation which has been backscattered to a least predetermined level are displayed in a second color, and pixels which correspond to the remainder of the transmitted radiation are displayed in a third color. Additionally, the brightness of the color of each pixel is controlled in dependence on how far above or below the predetermined level the detected transmitted or scattered signal is.

Abstract translation: 使用穿透辐射的检查系统，其中已经衰减到至少预定水平的被发射辐射的像素以第一颜色显示。 对应于已经反向散射到最低预定水平的辐射的像素被显示为第二种颜色，并且对应于所发射的辐射的其余部分的像素以第三种颜色显示。 此外，根据检测到的发送或散射信号的预定水平高于或低于多远来控制每个像素的颜色的亮度。

公开(公告)号：US5127030A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-30

申请号：US526541

申请日：1990-05-21

Applicant: Martin Annis ,  Roderick Swift

Inventor： Martin Annis ,  Roderick Swift

IPC: G21K1/02

CPC classification number: G21K1/025

Abstract: Tomographic imaging is implemented by providing a source of penetrating radiation, means for forming a pencil beam and sweeping the pencil beam over a line in space, a radiation detector and a beam length collimator. The beam length collimator lies outside of the sweep plane defined by the sweeping motion of the pencil beam and has a plane of symmetry which intersects the sweep plane at an angle which may or may not be a right angle. The beam length collimator defines a sensitive volume which has a dimension along the length of the pencil beam where the selected slice is defined by (or partly by) a dimension of the pencil beam. The combination of the beam length collimator and the pencil beam define a sensitive volume from which scattered energy can pass the collimator and be detected. The beam length collimator preferentially detects energy scattered by the sensitive volume. The sweep of the pencil beam allows a line image representing a plurality of sensitive volumes within the sweep plane at a focal distance from the beam length collimator. By providing relative motion between the object and the source/detector/collimator arrangement, a tomographic image of the selected slice can be created. The beam length collimator allows the sensitivity of the imaging arrangement to be tailored to anomalies or cracks lying parallel to a surface of a longitudinally extending object or parallel to a circumference of a cylindrical object.

Abstract translation: 通过提供穿透辐射源，用于形成笔形束并扫过笔直线束在空间上的线，辐射检测器和光束长度准直器来实现层析成像。 光束长度准直器位于扫描平面的外侧，该扫描平面由铅笔光束的扫描运动所限定，并且具有与扫描平面相交的平面，角度可以是或不是直角。 光束长度准直器限定敏感体积，其具有沿着笔形束长度的尺寸，其中所选择的切片由笔形束的尺寸（或部分地）限定。 光束长度准直仪和笔形光束的组合定义了一个灵敏的体积，散射能量可以通过该灵敏体积通过准直仪并被检测。 光束长度准直仪优先检测敏感体积散射的能量。 铅笔光束的扫描允许在距离光束长度准直仪的焦距处在扫描平面内表示多个敏感体积的线条图像。 通过在对象和源/检测器/准直器布置之间提供相对运动，可以创建所选切片的断层图像。 光束长度准直器允许成像装置的灵敏度适应平行于纵向延伸物体的表面或平行于圆柱形物体的圆周的异常或裂纹。

公开(公告)号：US4825454A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US137982

申请日：1987-12-28

Applicant: Martin Annis ,  Michael Johnson ,  Richard Mastronardi

Inventor： Martin Annis ,  Michael Johnson ,  Richard Mastronardi

IPC: A61B6/02 ,  G21K1/02 ,  G01N23/201

CPC classification number: A61B6/483 ,  G21K1/025

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising an X-ray source, a collimator, and an X-ray scatter detector. The X-rays are directed toward an object to be imaged where the collimator and detector are located between the source and object. The X-rays striking the object produce back scattered X-rays which are directed back through the collimator to the detector and an image is produced.

Abstract translation: 一种X射线成像装置，包括X射线源，准直仪和X射线散射检测器。 X射线被引导到准直仪和检测器位于源和物体之间的成像对象。 撞击物体的X射线产生反向散射的X射线，其被引导回准直仪到检测器并产生图像。

公开(公告)号：US4809312A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-28

申请号：US888019

申请日：1986-07-22

Applicant: Martin Annis

Inventor： Martin Annis

IPC: A61B6/02 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G01N23/203 ,  G01N23/20

CPC classification number: G01N23/203

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the production of tomographic images includes a flying spot scanner to form, from a beam of penetrating radiation, a pencil beam sweeping over a line in space to define a sweep plane. An object to be examined is supported so that the pencil beam intersects the object along a path passing through the object and a selected slice of the object. A line collimator is provided for filtering radiation scattered by the object, the line collimator has a field of view which intersects the sweep plane in a bounded line so that the line collimator passes only that radiation scattered by elementary volumes of the object lying along the bounded line. A radiation detector responds to that portion of the scattered radiation which is passed by the line collimator.

Abstract translation: 用于生产断层图像的方法和装置包括：飞点扫描器，用于从穿透辐射束形成在空间上扫过线的铅笔波束以限定扫掠平面。 被检查物体被支撑，使得铅笔光束沿着穿过物体的路径和物体的选定切片与物体相交。 线准直器用于对被物体进行散射的辐射进行滤波，线准直器具有在有界线上与扫描平面相交的视野，使得线准直器仅通过沿着有界线的物体的基本体积散射的辐射 线。 辐射探测器响应由线准直器通过的散射辐射的那部分。

公开(公告)号：US4260898A

公开(公告)日：1981-04-07

申请号：US946913

申请日：1978-09-28

Applicant: Martin Annis

Inventor： Martin Annis

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G03B41/16

CPC classification number: G01N23/04

Abstract: A scanning X-ray imaging system produces an image of the transmissivity of objects by producing a relative motion of the object generally perpendicular to the triangular planes joining an X-ray point source and M X-rays pass through a scanning slit assembly. The scanning slit assembly generally includes a plane of X-ray opaque material having N sets of line slits, where N is equal to or greater than 2, each set containing MMidentical line slits. The scanning slit assembly, in addition, includes a rotating X-ray opaque material containing N uniquely different sets of slits, each set containing identical slits. Each of the N sets of slits is uniquely paired with each of the M . N line slits. During any scan of an object, M detectors, M line slits and one of the N sets of slits are used. The scanning X-ray imaging system provides N selections in image resolution of the scanned object. The selectivity provides radiographic images with different contrast resolution and/or spatial resolution.

Abstract translation: 扫描X射线成像系统通过产生大致垂直于连接X射线点源和M X射线穿过扫描狭缝组件的三角形平面的物体的相对运动来产生物体的透射率的图像。 扫描狭缝组件通常包括具有N组线狭缝的X射线不透明材料的平面，其中N等于或大于2，每组包含MM同一线狭缝。 扫描狭缝组件另外包括旋转的X射线不透明材料，其包含N个独特不同的狭缝组，每组具有相同的狭缝。 N组狭缝中的每一个与M中的每一个唯一配对。 N线狭缝 在物体的任何扫描期间，使用M个检测器，M条狭缝和N组狭缝之一。 扫描X射线成像系统提供扫描对象的图像分辨率中的N个选择。 选择性提供具有不同对比度分辨率和/或空间分辨率的放射照相图像。

公开(公告)号：US4242583A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-30

申请号：US900380

申请日：1978-04-26

Applicant: Martin Annis ,  Edwin Frederick

Inventor： Martin Annis ,  Edwin Frederick

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G03B41/16

CPC classification number: G01N23/04

Abstract: A scanning X-ray imaging system produces an image of the transmissivity of objects by producing a relative motion of the object generally perpendicular to the triangular planes joining an X-ray point source and M X-ray line detectors, where M is equal to or greater than 1; these X-rays pass through a scanning slit assembly. The scanning slit assembly generally includes a plane of X-ray opaque material having N sets of line slits, where N is equal to or greater than 2, each set containing M identical line slits. The scanning slit assembly, in addition, includes a rotating X-ray opaque material containing N uniquely different sets of radial slits, each set containing identical radial slits. Each of the N sets of radial slits is uniquely paired with each of the N sets of line slits. During any scan of an object, M detectors, M line slits and one of the N sets of radial slits are used. The scanning X-ray imaging system provides N selections in image resolution of the scanned object. The selectivity provides radiographic images with different contrast resolution and/or spatial resolution.

Abstract translation: 扫描X射线成像系统通过产生大体上垂直于连接X射线点源和M X射线线检测器的三角形平面的物体的相对运动来产生物体的透射率的图像，其中M等于或 大于1; 这些X射线穿过扫描狭缝组件。 扫描狭缝组件通常包括具有N组线狭缝的X射线不透明材料的平面，其中N等于或大于2，每组包含M个相同的线狭缝。 扫描狭缝组件另外包括旋转的X射线不透明材料，其包含N个唯一不同的径向狭缝组，每组具有相同的径向狭缝。 N组径向狭缝中的每一个与N组线狭缝中的每一个唯一地配对。 在物体的任何扫描期间，使用M个检测器，M条狭缝和N组径向缝隙中的一个。 扫描X射线成像系统提供扫描对象的图像分辨率中的N个选择。 选择性提供具有不同对比度分辨率和/或空间分辨率的放射照相图像。