公开(公告)号：US6002639A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-14

申请号：US856115

申请日：1997-05-14

申请人： James R. Birchak ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  James E. Masino ,  John W. Minear ,  Thomas E. Ritter

发明人： James R. Birchak ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  James E. Masino ,  John W. Minear ,  Thomas E. Ritter

IPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G01V1/44

摘要： A transducer configuration disposed within a wellbore sonde for acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a transmitting transducer for producing a transmitted acoustic beamspread pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the transmitting transducer and a transmitting main lobe beyond the transmitting collimated zone. The transducer configuration also includes a receiving transducer disposed adjacent the transmitting transducer. The receiving transducer includes an acoustic signal reception pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the receiving transducer and a receiving main lobe beyond the receiving insonified zone. A beamspread angle defines an amplitude contour forming an outer periphery of the transmitting and receiving main lobes. Intersection of the transmitting and receiving main lobes behind but not within an acoustically reflective layer allows the transducer configuration to null reverberation energy from the acoustically reflective material and enhance acoustic energy received from the less reflective material disposed behind the highly reflective material.

摘要翻译： 设置在井筒探测器内的换能器配置用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像，包括发射换能器，用于产生由具有大致等于发射换能器的宽度的宽度的扩散区限定的透射声束扩展图案， 主瓣超出发射准直区。 换能器配置还包括邻近发射换能器设置的接收换能器。 接收换能器包括由具有近似等于接收换能器的宽度的宽度的增强区限定的声学信号接收图案和超出接收声音区的接收主瓣。 光束展开角度定义了形成发射和接收主瓣的外周的振幅轮廓。 发射和接收主波瓣在后面但不在声反射层内的交叉允许换能器配置将来自声反射材料的混响能量消除，并增强从设置在高反射材料后面的较小反射材料接收的声能。

公开(公告)号：US5510582A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-23

申请号：US398979

申请日：1995-03-06

申请人： James R. Birchak ,  Alexander Lifson ,  Eugene J. Linyaev ,  John W. Minear ,  Dennis E. Roessler ,  David J. Young

发明人： James R. Birchak ,  Alexander Lifson ,  Eugene J. Linyaev ,  John W. Minear ,  Dennis E. Roessler ,  David J. Young

IPC分类号： G01V1/52 ,  G10K11/16 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G10K11/16 ,  G01V1/523 ,  Y10S367/911

摘要： Disclosed is a sonic well tool for performing acoustic investigations of subsurface geological formations penetrated by a borehole. The well tool generally includes a longitudinally extending body for positioning in said borehole. The tool also includes a transmitter supported by the body for transmitting acoustic energy, and a receiver supported by the body for receiving acoustic energy. Finally, the tool includes an acoustic attenuation section positioned on the body between the transmitter and the receiver. This section includes one or more cavities defined by the body, inertial mass members positioned inside the cavities in a suitable manner to form a gap between the wall of the cavity and the inertial mass members, and an acoustical attenuation fluid in the gap. The method for attenuating sonic waves generally includes transmitting a sonic wave from the transmitter to the tool, passing the sonic wave through the acoustic attenuation section, and receiving attenuated wave at the receivers.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于对钻孔穿透的地下地质构造进行声学研究的声波井工具。 井具通常包括用于定位在所述钻孔中的纵向延伸体。 该工具还包括由身体支撑以发射声能的发射器和由身体支撑以接收声能的接收器。 最后，该工具包括位于发射器和接收器之间的身体上的声衰减部分。 该部分包括由主体限定的一个或多个空腔，惯性质量构件以合适的方式定位在空腔内部，以在腔的壁和惯性质量构件之间形成间隙，以及间隙中的声衰减流体。 用于衰减声波的方法通常包括将声波从发射器发射到工具，使声波通过声衰减部分，并在接收器处接收衰减波。

公开(公告)号：US5086271A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-04

申请号：US464404

申请日：1990-01-12

申请人： Harry K. Haill ,  James R. Birchak ,  Wai-Leung Hon

发明人： Harry K. Haill ,  James R. Birchak ,  Wai-Leung Hon

IPC分类号： G01R31/316 ,  G01R31/319

CPC分类号： G01R31/31924 ,  G01R31/316 ,  G01R31/31905

摘要： A distributed transmission line network for connecting a plurality of DUTs to a low-power driver includes a plurality of distributed transmission lines with distributed capacitors. The distributed capacitors are added to the distributed transmission lines to make the propagation delay on each line equal, thereby eliminating skewed input signals to the DUTs. The capacitors also minimize capacitive cross-talk between the plurality of distributed transmission lines. The distributed transmission line network includes a driver with an internal resistance that is much less than the characteristic impedance of the distributed transmission line to minimize the voltage drop at the driver. The distributed transmission line also includes an input RC network for speeding rise time and a termination RC network for minimizing reflections in the distributed transmission line.

摘要翻译： 用于将多个DUT连接到低功率驱动器的分布式传输线网络包括具有分布式电容器的多个分布式传输线。 将分布式电容器添加到分布式传输线路中，使每条线路上的传播延迟相等，从而消除了对DUT的偏移输入信号。 电容器还使多个分布式传输线之间的电容串扰最小化。 分布式传输线网络包括具有比分布式传输线的特性阻抗小得多的内部电阻的驱动器，以最小化驾驶员的电压降。 分布式传输线还包括用于加速上升时间的输入RC网络和用于最小化分布式传输线路中的反射的终端RC网络。

公开(公告)号：US06701787B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US10223505

申请日：2002-08-19

申请人： Wei Han ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  James R. Birchak ,  Bruce H. Storm ,  Rajnikant M. Amin ,  Bayram Kalpakci ,  Fouad Fleyfel

发明人： Wei Han ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  James R. Birchak ,  Bruce H. Storm ,  Rajnikant M. Amin ,  Bayram Kalpakci ,  Fouad Fleyfel

IPC分类号： G01N2900

CPC分类号： G01N29/2437 ,  G01B17/02 ,  G01N29/041 ,  G01N29/2468 ,  G01N29/28 ,  G01N2291/02854 ,  G01N2291/0421 ,  G01N2291/0422 ,  G01N2291/2634

摘要： A method and apparatus for analyzing a deposited layer on the inner surface of a fluid container wall having inner and outer surfaces are disclosed. One embodiment of the method comprises (a) transmitting an acoustic signal from a transmitter at a first distance from the outer surface of the wall; (b) receiving a first received signal A, comprising a reflection from the wall outer surface; (c) receiving a second received signal B, comprising a reflection from the wall inner surface; (d) receiving a third received signal C from the wall inner surface; (e) calculating a coefficient Rwp from A, B and C, and (f) calculating a coefficient Rpd from A, B and Rwp, and calculating the acoustic impedance of the deposited layer Zd from Rwp, Rpd, and Zw, where Zw is the acoustic impedance of the material between the transmitter and the wall outer surface. A preferred embodiment of the apparatus comprises a piezoelectric or ferroelectric transducer having front and back faces; a backing member acoustically coupled to said transducer back face and impedance-matched to said transducer element, said backing member having proximal and remote faces; and a delay material disposed between said transducer front face and the wall outer surface.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于分析具有内表面和外表面的流体容器壁的内表面上的沉积层的方法和装置。 该方法的一个实施例包括（a）从距离壁的外表面第一距离的发射器发射声信号; （b）接收第一接收信号A，包括来自所述壁外表面的反射; （c）接收第二接收信号B，其包括来自所述壁内表面的反射; （d）从所述壁内表面接收第三接收信号C; （e）从A，B和C计算系数Rwp，以及（f）从A，B和Rwp计算系数Rpd，并从Rwp，Rpd和Zw计算沉积层Zd的声阻抗，其中Zw为 发射机和墙外表面之间的材料的声阻抗。 该装置的优选实施例包括具有正面和背面的压电或铁电换能器; 声学耦合到所述换能器背面并与所述换能器元件阻抗匹配的背衬构件，所述背衬构件具有近端面和远端面; 以及设置在所述换能器前表面和所述壁外表面之间的延迟材料。

公开(公告)号：US06672163B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US09803850

申请日：2001-03-12

申请人： Wei Han ,  James R. Birchak ,  Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Thomas E. Ritter

发明人： Wei Han ,  James R. Birchak ,  Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Thomas E. Ritter

IPC分类号： G01V128

CPC分类号： E21B47/101 ,  E21B49/08 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/348 ,  G01N2291/015 ,  G01N2291/0222 ,  G01N2291/02416 ,  G01N2291/02433 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/105

摘要： A method and apparatus for in-situ characterization of downhole fluids in a wellbore using ultrasonic acoustic signals. Measurements of the speed of sound, attenuation of the signal, and acoustic back-scattering are used to provide qualitative and quantitative data as to the composition, nature of solid particulates, compressibility, bubble point, and the oil/water ratio of the fluid. The tool generally comprises three sets of acoustic transducers mounted perpendicular to the direction of the flow. These transducers are capable of operating at different frequencies so that the spectrum of the acoustic signal can be optimized. The apparatus is capable of operating downhole to provide real time information as to conditions in the well.

公开(公告)号：US06568271B2

公开(公告)日：2003-05-27

申请号：US09850962

申请日：2001-05-08

申请人： Vimal V. Shah ,  James R. Birchak ,  Wei Han ,  Bruce H. Storm ,  Rajnikant M. Amin ,  Bayram Kalpakci ,  Fouad Fleyfel

发明人： Vimal V. Shah ,  James R. Birchak ,  Wei Han ,  Bruce H. Storm ,  Rajnikant M. Amin ,  Bayram Kalpakci ,  Fouad Fleyfel

IPC分类号： G01N2920

CPC分类号： G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/4472 ,  G01N29/449 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/02854 ,  G01N2291/0422 ,  G01N2291/0427 ,  G01N2291/057 ,  G01N2291/105 ,  G01N2291/2634

摘要： A system for monitoring the presence of deposits or buildup on the inside wall of a fluid-containing pipe comprises a pair of acoustic transmitters outside of the pipe and spaced apart along the length of the pipe and capable of transmitting an acoustic signal into the pipe wall, a pair of acoustic receivers outside of the pipe and spaced apart along the length of the pipe and capable of receiving an acoustic signal from the pipe wall, and a power source for causing the transmitters to transmit a signal. A method for monitoring the presence of deposits or buildup on the inside wall of a fluid-containing pipe, comprises (a) providing first and second acoustic transmitters outside of the pipe and spaced apart along the length of the pipe and capable of transmitting an acoustic signal into the pipe wall, (b) providing first and second acoustic receivers outside of the pipe and spaced apart along the length of the pipe and capable of receiving an acoustic signal from the pipe wall, (c) transmitting a first signal from the first transmitter, (d) measuring the amplitude of the first signal received at the first and second receivers as A11 and A12, respectively, (e) transmitting a second signal from the second transmitter, (f) measuring the amplitude of the second signal received at the first and second receivers as A21 and A22, respectively, and (g) calculating the attenuation of the signal over the length of pipe using the values of A11, A12, A21 and A22.

摘要翻译： 用于监测流体容纳管的内壁上的沉积物或积聚物的存在的系统包括在管的外部的一对声发射体，并沿着管的长度间隔开，并且能够将声信号传输到管壁 ，一对声学接收器，位于管道外部并沿着管道的长度间隔开并且能够从管壁接收声学信号，以及用于使发射器发射信号的电源。 一种用于监测在含流体管道的内壁上的沉积物或积聚物的存在的方法包括：（a）在管道外部提供第一和第二声发射器，并沿管道的长度间隔开并且能够传输声学 信号进入管壁，（b）在管道外部提供第一和第二声学接收器并沿着管道的长度间隔开并且能够从管壁接收声学信号，（c）从第一个 （d）分别测量在第一和第二接收机处接收的第一信号的振幅为A11和A12;（e）从第二发射机发送第二信号;（f）测量在第一和第二接收机接收的第二信号的振幅， 分别为A21和A22的第一和第二接收机，（g）使用A11，A12，A21和A22的值计算管道长度上信号的衰减。

公开(公告)号：US06513385B1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-04

申请号：US09851511

申请日：2001-05-08

申请人： Wei Han ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  James R. Birchak ,  Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Rajnikant M. Amin ,  Bayram Kalpakci ,  Fouad Fleyfel

发明人： Wei Han ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  James R. Birchak ,  Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Rajnikant M. Amin ,  Bayram Kalpakci ,  Fouad Fleyfel

IPC分类号： G01N2900

CPC分类号： G01N29/2437 ,  G01B17/02 ,  G01N29/041 ,  G01N29/2468 ,  G01N29/28 ,  G01N2291/02854 ,  G01N2291/0421 ,  G01N2291/0422 ,  G01N2291/2634

摘要： A method and apparatus for analyzing a deposited layer on the inner surface of a fluid container wall having inner and outer surfaces are disclosed. One embodiment of the method comprises (a) transmitting an acoustic signal from a transmitter at a first distance from the outer surface of the wall; (b) receiving a first received signal A, comprising a reflection from the wall outer surface; (c) receiving a second received signal B, comprising a reflection from the wall inner surface; (d) receiving a third received signal C from the wall inner surface; (e) calculating a coefficient Rwp from A, B and C, and (f) calculating a coefficient Rpd from A, B and Rwp, and calculating the acoustic impedance of the deposited layer Zd from Rwp, Rpd, and Zw, where Zw is the acoustic impedance of the material between the transmitter and the wall outer surface. A preferred embodiment of the apparatus comprises a piezoelectric or ferroelectric transducer having front and back faces; a backing member acoustically coupled to said transducer back face and impedance-matched to said transducer element, said backing member having proximal and remote faces; and a delay material disposed between said transducer front face and the wall outer surface.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于分析具有内表面和外表面的流体容器壁的内表面上的沉积层的方法和装置。 该方法的一个实施例包括（a）从距离壁的外表面第一距离的发射器发射声信号; （b）接收第一接收信号A，包括来自所述壁外表面的反射; （c）接收第二接收信号B，其包括来自所述壁内表面的反射; （d）从所述壁内表面接收第三接收信号C; （e）从A，B和C计算系数Rwp，以及（f）从A，B和Rwp计算系数Rpd，并从Rwp，Rpd和Zw计算沉积层Zd的声阻抗，其中Zw为 发射机和墙外表面之间的材料的声阻抗。 该装置的优选实施例包括具有正面和背面的压电或铁电换能器; 声学耦合到所述换能器背面并与所述换能器元件阻抗匹配的背衬构件，所述背衬构件具有近端面和远端面; 以及设置在所述换能器前表面和所述壁外表面之间的延迟材料。

公开(公告)号：US06412354B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-02

申请号：US09464728

申请日：1999-12-16

申请人： James R. Birchak ,  Mark A. Proett ,  Thomas E. Ritter ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  Curtis M. Vickery

发明人： James R. Birchak ,  Mark A. Proett ,  Thomas E. Ritter ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  Curtis M. Vickery

IPC分类号： G01F184

CPC分类号： G01N29/036 ,  G01N9/002 ,  G01N29/348 ,  G01N29/449 ,  G01N29/46 ,  G01N2291/02491 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/102

摘要： A fluid property monitor includes a transducer assembly to impart multiple frequency energy to a conduit in one or more modes and to receive resonant frequency energy from the conduit. The resonant frequency energy is responsive to the imparted energy, the conduit and a fluid in the conduit. The fluid property monitor can also be defined as including: a frequency signal generator connected to cause multiple frequency energy to be transferred to a conduit having a fluid to be monitored; and a spectral analysis signal processor connected to receive and process electrical signals generated in response to vibrations propagated through the conduit and the fluid in the conduit in response to transferred multiple frequency energy. Particular implementations can be adapted as a densitometer, a coherent flow detector, and other particular fluid parameter detectors. A method of monitoring a fluid includes: imparting multiple frequency vibration-inducing energy to a conduit and fluid system; and sensing a plurality of frequency signals from the conduit and fluid system responsive to at least part of the imparted multiple frequency vibration-inducing energy. This method can also include determining at least one characteristic of the conduit and fluid system in response to the sensed plurality of frequency signals.

摘要翻译： 流体特性监测器包括换能器组件，其以一种或多种模式将多个频率能量传递到导管并且从该导管接收共振频率能量。 谐振频率能量响应于所施加的能量，导管和导管中的流体。 流体特性监视器还可以被定义为包括：频率信号发生器，其被连接以使多个频率能量传递到具有待监测流体的导管; 以及频谱分析信号处理器，其被连接以响应于传送的多个频率能量响应于通过导管传播的振动和导管中的流体而产生的电信号。 特定的实施方案可以适用于密度计，相干流检测器和其它特定的流体参数检测器。 监测流体的方法包括：向导管和流体系统施加多频率振动诱发能量; 以及响应于所施加的多频率振动诱发能量的至少一部分，从所述导管和流体系统感测多个频率信号。 该方法还可以包括响应于感测到的多个频率信号确定导管和流体系统的至少一个特征。

公开(公告)号：US6131694A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-17

申请号：US388271

申请日：1999-09-01

申请人： Carl A. Robbins ,  Eugene J. Linyaev ,  Robert L. Malloy ,  David J. Young ,  James R. Birchak ,  John Minear ,  Vimal Shah

发明人： Carl A. Robbins ,  Eugene J. Linyaev ,  Robert L. Malloy ,  David J. Young ,  James R. Birchak ,  John Minear ,  Vimal Shah

IPC分类号： G01V1/28 ,  G01V1/42 ,  G01V1/40 ,  G01V1/32

CPC分类号： G01V1/42 ,  G01V1/282 ,  G01V2210/161

摘要： A vertical seismic profiling system includes seismic receivers for placement on a drillstring and surface seismic sources. One-way checkshot data may thus be measured without tripping the drillstring. A downhole acoustic tool measures the local interval transit time of the formation, and improves the detection of targets ahead of the drill bit. The local interval transit time may be applied to the time of travel from reflections in front of the bit to establish distance to the bit. The down-going wavetrain may be deconvolved with the total up-going wavetrain to extract the nearest reflector and the relative acoustic impedance at the reflector. A synthetic seismogram may also be created based on reflection depth data and corrected with checkshot data.

摘要翻译： 垂直地震剖面系统包括用于放置在钻柱和地震震源上的地震接收器。 因此可以测量单向检查数据而不跳闸钻柱。 井下声学工具测量地层的局部间隔通过时间，并改善钻头前方目标的检测。 局部间隔渡越时间可以应用于从位于前面的反射行进的时间以建立距离。 正在进行的波形可能与整个前进波导解除卷积，以提取最近的反射器和反射器处的相对声阻抗。 还可以基于反射深度数据创建合成地震图，并用检查数据进行校正。

公开(公告)号：US5087900A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-11

申请号：US615477

申请日：1990-11-19

申请人： James R. Birchak ,  Wai-Leung Hon ,  Michael Ruhovets

发明人： James R. Birchak ,  Wai-Leung Hon ,  Michael Ruhovets

IPC分类号： H04L25/02 ,  H03H7/48

CPC分类号： H03H7/48

摘要： An improved transmission line network includes a transmission line connecting a signal source to a plurality of capacitive loads. Preferably, the transmission line is not terminated with its characteristic impedance. The transmission line may include capacitance added for the purpose of smoothing the rising or falling edge of signals distorted by reflections from the far end of the network. In addition, the transmission line network preferably includes resistance added in series with the transmission line for the purpose of dissipating reflections from the far end and thereby reducing distortion upstream from the series resistors. The capacitive loads may be connected to the transmission line through series resistors, the magnitudes of which are selected to obtain uniform rise or fall times at all loads.

摘要翻译： 改进的传输线网络包括将信号源连接到多个容性负载的传输线。 优选地，传输线不以其特性阻抗来终止。 传输线可以包括为了平滑由来自网络的远端的反射而失真的信号的上升沿或下降沿的目的而添加的电容。 此外，传输线网络优选地包括与传输线串联的电阻，用于耗散远端的反射，从而减少串联电阻器上游的失真。 容性负载可以通过串联电阻连接到传输线，其大小被选择以在所有负载下获得均匀的上升或下降时间。