公开(公告)号：US09998178B2

公开(公告)日：2018-06-12

申请号：US15436826

申请日：2017-02-19

Applicant: STMicroelectronics SA

Inventor： Sebastien Dedieu ,  Marc Houdebine

IPC: H04B5/00 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/081 ,  G06K7/10

CPC classification number: H04B5/0031 ,  G06K7/10297 ,  H03L7/08 ,  H03L7/081 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/14 ,  H03L7/23 ,  H04B5/0056 ,  H04B5/0062 ,  H04B5/0093 ,  H04W4/80

Abstract: A method can be used for contactless communication of an object with a reader using active load modulation. A main clock signal is generated within the object. The generating includes a calibration phase and a transmission phase. The calibration phase includes locking an output signal of a controlled main oscillator onto a phase and frequency of a secondary clock signal received from the reader and estimating a frequency ratio between a frequency of the output signal of the main oscillator and a reference frequency of a reference signal originating from a reference oscillator. The transmission phase includes only frequency-locking the output signal of the main oscillator onto the frequency of the reference signal corrected by the estimated frequency ratio.

公开(公告)号：US20180034505A1

公开(公告)日：2018-02-01

申请号：US15436826

申请日：2017-02-19

Applicant: STMicroelectronics SA

Inventor： Sebastien Dedieu ,  Marc Houdebine

IPC: H04B5/00 ,  G06K7/10 ,  H03L7/081 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/093

CPC classification number: H04B5/0031 ,  G06K7/10297 ,  H03L7/08 ,  H03L7/081 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/14 ,  H03L7/23 ,  H04B5/0056 ,  H04B5/0062 ,  H04B5/0093 ,  H04W4/80

Abstract: A method can be used for contactless communication of an object with a reader using active load modulation. A main clock signal is generated within the object. The generating includes a calibration phase and a transmission phase. The calibration phase includes locking an output signal of a controlled main oscillator onto a phase and frequency of a secondary clock signal received from the reader and estimating a frequency ratio between a frequency of the output signal of the main oscillator and a reference frequency of a reference signal originating from a reference oscillator. The transmission phase includes only frequency-locking the output signal of the main oscillator onto the frequency of the reference signal corrected by the estimated frequency ratio.

公开(公告)号：US11736148B2

公开(公告)日：2023-08-22

申请号：US17385122

申请日：2021-07-26

Applicant: STMICROELECTRONICS RAZVOJ POLPREVODNIKOV D.O.O. ,  STMICROELECTRONICS SA

Inventor： Marc Houdebine ,  Kosta Kovacic ,  Florent Sibille

IPC: H04B5/00 ,  H04L7/033 ,  H04L7/04

CPC classification number: H04B5/0056 ,  H04L7/0331 ,  H04L7/04

Abstract: An embodiment device comprises a phase locked loop and a frequency locked loop having in common the same controlled oscillator. The device is firstly placed in the card emulation mode at the beginning of a communication between the contactless communication device and a contactless reader, the firstly placing comprising synchronizing within the contactless device, an ALM carrier frequency with a reader carrier frequency by operating at least the phase locked loop, and upon reception by the contactless communication device of an indication sent by the reader indicating a further communication in a peer to peer mode with the reader, the device is secondly placed in the peer to peer mode, the secondly placing including deactivating the phase locked loop and operating the frequency locked loop with a reference clock signal and a frequency set point depending on the reader carrier frequency and the frequency of the reference clock signal.

公开(公告)号：US11190236B2

公开(公告)日：2021-11-30

申请号：US17080431

申请日：2020-10-26

Applicant: STMicroelectronics SA

Inventor： Marc Houdebine ,  Laurent Jean Garcia

IPC: H04B5/00 ,  H04W56/00 ,  H04L7/033

Abstract: An embodiment near-field communication device using active load modulation, in card emulation mode and intended to communicate with a reader, comprises a digital phase-locked loop configured to generate a carrier signal, having an oscillator configured to generate the carrier signal in a manner controlled by an analog control signal, a feedback circuit configured to generate a digital control signal, a digital-to-analog converter configured to convert the digital control signal into the analog control signal, and an integrator assembly configured to integrate the analog control signal.

公开(公告)号：US10823771B2

公开(公告)日：2020-11-03

申请号：US16280190

申请日：2019-02-20

Applicant: STMicroelectronics SA

Inventor： Marc Houdebine ,  Sebastien Dedieu

IPC: G01R23/10 ,  G01R23/02 ,  H03D13/00

Abstract: A method includes a) counting whole periods of a signal during a first period of a reference signal, b) repeating step a) for each period of the reference signal until a first duration is equal to a first quantity of periods of the reference signal, and c) determining a first average of the whole periods. The method also includes repeating at least one of steps a) to c) and at each repetition shifting a start of the counting of step a) by at least one period of the reference signal, and in steps b) and c) accounting for whole periods of the signal already counted during the at least one preceding group of steps a) and b). The method includes determining a second average of the first averages, and determining the frequency of the signal from the second average and the frequency of the reference signal.

公开(公告)号：US10749719B2

公开(公告)日：2020-08-18

申请号：US16569999

申请日：2019-09-13

Applicant: STMicroelectronics SA

Inventor： Marc Houdebine

IPC: H04L27/00

Abstract: A method of contactless communication can be performed between an object and a reader using active load modulation. A synchronization process is performed between a first carrier signal transmitted by the reader and having a reference frequency, and a second carrier signal extracted from an output signal of a controlled oscillator of a digital phase-locked loop of the object. In the synchronization process, as long as a locking of the loop has not been detected, the frequency of the output signal of the oscillator is latched on a frequency that is a multiple of the reference frequency. Once the locking has been detected, the latching continues while controlling the oscillator with a second control signal generated from a second value obtained.

公开(公告)号：US20190178922A1

公开(公告)日：2019-06-13

申请号：US16280190

申请日：2019-02-20

Applicant: STMicroelectronics SA

Inventor： Marc Houdebine ,  Sebastien Dedieu

IPC: G01R23/10 ,  G01R23/02 ,  H03D13/00

Abstract: A method includes a) counting whole periods of a signal during a first period of a reference signal, b) repeating step a) for each period of the reference signal until a first duration is equal to a first quantity of periods of the reference signal, and c) determining a first average of the whole periods. The method also includes repeating at least one of steps a) to c) and at each repetition shifting a start of the counting of step a) by at least one period of the reference signal, and in steps b) and c) accounting for whole periods of the signal already counted during the at least one preceding group of steps a) and b). The method includes determining a second average of the first averages, and determining the frequency of the signal from the second average and the frequency of the reference signal.