Abstract:
Disclosed are a high density CIS thin film and a method of manufacturing the same, which includes coating CIS nanopowders, CIGS nanopowders or CZTS nanopowders on a substrate by non-vacuum coating, followed by heat treatment with cavities between the nanopowders filled with filling elements such as copper, indium, gallium, zinc, tin, and the like. The high density CIS thin film is applied to a photo-absorption layer of a thin film solar cell, thereby providing a highly efficient thin film solar cell.
Abstract:
A method of verifying an initial state of a non-volatile memory device, a command for verify an initial state of a unit and a unit address corresponding to the unit received from a memory controller. An initial state of memory cells, which correspond to the unit address, is verified in response to the command. A verification result of the unit is transmitted to the memory controller.
Abstract:
Provided is a memory card device. The memory card device includes a flash memory and a controller. The flash memory includes a boot area storing boot data, and a user area storing user data. The controller accesses the boot area or the user area according to an external command. Boot data can be stored in a memory card integrated in an electronic device. Also, when a host requests an access to boot data/user data stored in the memory card, the boot data/user data can be accessed under control of the controller.
Abstract:
A method of verifying an initial state of a non-volatile memory device, a command for verify an initial state of a unit and a unit address corresponding to the unit received from a memory controller. An initial state of memory cells, which correspond to the unit address, is verified in response to the command. A verification result of the unit is transmitted to the memory controller.