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公开(公告)号：US06280682B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09399355
申请日：1999-09-20
申请人： Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.
发明人： Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.
IPC分类号： B22F102
CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 , B22F3/23 , B22F2998/00 , B22F2998/10 , B22F2999/00 , C22C1/0491 , B22F3/04 , B22F9/082 , B22F3/1208 , B22F3/20 , B22F3/15 , B22F3/18 , B22F3/10 , B22F2201/05
摘要： The invention relates generally to aluminum containing iron-base alloys useful as electrical resistance heating elements. The aluminum containing iron-base alloys have improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The alloy has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and includes, in weight %, over 4% Al, ≦1% Cr and either ≧0.05% Zr or ZrO2 stringers extending perpendicular to an exposed surface of the heating element or ≧0.1% oxide dispersoid particles. The alloy can contain 14-32% Al, ≦2% Ti, ≦2% Mo, ≦1% Zr, ≦1% C, ≦0.1% B, ≦30% oxide dispersoid and/or electrically insulating or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles, ≦1% rare earth metal, ≦1% oxygen, ≦3% Cu, balance Fe.
摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及可用作电阻加热元件的含铝铁基合金。 含铝铁基合金具有改善的室温延展性，电阻率，循环耐疲劳性，耐高温氧化性，低，高温强度和/或耐高温下垂的能力。 该合金具有完全不含奥氏体的铁素体组织，其重量％包括超过4％的Al，≤1％的Cr和> = 0.05％的Zr或ZrO2桁条，其垂直于加热元件的暴露表面延伸，或 > = 0.1％氧化物分散质颗粒。 该合金可以含有14-32％的Al，<= 2％Ti，<= 2％Mo，≤1％Zr，≤1％C，<= 0.1％B，<= 30％氧化物分散质和/或电 绝缘或导电共价陶瓷颗粒，<= 1％稀土金属，<= 1％氧，<= 3％Cu，余量为Fe。
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公开(公告)号：US5976458A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US582438
申请日：1996-01-03
申请人： Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.
发明人： Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.
IPC分类号： C22C38/00 , B22F3/23 , C22C1/04 , C22C33/02 , C22C38/06 , C22C38/14 , C22C38/54 , H01C7/00 , H01C13/00 , H05B3/12 , B22F3/12 , B22F3/14 , C22C1/05
CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 , B22F3/23 , C22C1/0491 , C22C38/06 , B22F2998/00 , B22F2998/10 , B22F2999/00
摘要： The invention relates generally to aluminum containing iron-base alloys useful as electrical resistance heating elements. The aluminum containing iron-base alloys have improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The alloy has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and includes, in weight %, over 4% Al, .ltoreq.1% Cr and either .gtoreq.0.05% Zr or ZrO.sub.2 stringers extending perpendicular to an exposed surface of the heating element or .gtoreq.0.1% oxide dispersoid particles. The alloy can contain 14-32% Al, .ltoreq.2% Ti, .ltoreq.2% Mo, .ltoreq.1% Zr, .ltoreq.1% C, .ltoreq.0.1% B, .ltoreq.30% oxide dispersoid and/or electrically insulating or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles, .ltoreq.1% rare earth metal, .ltoreq.1% oxygen, .ltoreq.3% Cu, balance Fe.
摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及可用作电阻加热元件的含铝铁基合金。 含铝铁基合金具有改善的室温延展性，电阻率，循环耐疲劳性，耐高温氧化性，低，高温强度和/或耐高温下垂的能力。 该合金具有完全不含奥氏体的铁素体组织，其重量百分比包括超过4％的Al，≤1％的Cr和垂直于加热的暴露表面延伸的> / = 0.05％的Zr或ZrO 2桁条 元素或> / = 0.1％氧化物分散质颗粒。 该合金可以含有14-32％的Al，2％Ti，2％Mo，1％Zr，1％C，0.1％B，30％ 氧化物分散质和/或电绝缘或导电共价陶瓷颗粒，1％稀土金属，1％氧，3％Cu，余量为Fe。
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13.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5595706A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-21
申请号：US365952
申请日：1994-12-29
申请人： Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.
发明人： Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.
CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 , C22C1/0491 , C22C38/06 , B22F2998/10 , B22F2999/00
摘要： The invention relates generally to aluminum containing iron-base alloys useful as electrical resistance heating elements. The aluminum containing iron-base alloys have a disordered body centered cubic structure and improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The alloy has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and includes, in weight %, 4 to 9.5% Al, 0.2-2.0% Ti, 0.5-2% Mo, 0.1 to 0.8% Zr, 0.01-0.5% C, balance Fe.
摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及可用作电阻加热元件的含铝铁基合金。 含铝铁基合金具有无序的体心立方结构和改善的室温延展性，电阻率，耐循环疲劳性，高温抗氧化性，低温高温强度和/或耐高温下垂性。 该合金具有完全不含奥氏体的铁素体组织，其重量％包括4至9.5％的Al，0.2-2.0％的Ti，0.5-2％的Mo，0.1至0.8％的Zr，0.01-0.5％的C，余量 铁
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14.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6030472A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US985246
申请日：1997-12-04
申请人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol , Clive Scorey , Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier Fleischhauer , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr. , Randall M. German
发明人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol , Clive Scorey , Vinod K. Sikka , Seetharama C. Deevi , Grier Fleischhauer , A. Clifton Lilly, Jr. , Randall M. German
IPC分类号： B22F1/02 , B22F3/12 , B22F3/18 , B22F5/00 , B22F9/08 , C21D8/02 , C22C1/04 , C22C33/02 , C22C38/00 , C22C38/34 , C21D8/00
CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 , B22F3/18 , B22F5/006 , B22F9/082 , C21D8/0205 , C22C1/0491 , B22F2003/248 , B22F2009/0824 , B22F2009/088 , B22F2998/10 , C21D8/0236 , C21D8/0273
摘要： A powder metallurgical process of preparing a sheet from a powder having an intermetallic alloy composition such as an iron, nickel or titanium aluminide. The sheet can be manufactured into electrical resistance heating elements having improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The iron aluminide has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and can include, in weight %, 4 to 32% Al, and optional additions such as .ltoreq.1% Cr, .gtoreq.0.05% Zr.ltoreq.2% Ti, .ltoreq.2% Mo, .ltoreq.1% Ni, .ltoreq.0.75% C, .ltoreq.0.1% B, .ltoreq.1% submicron oxide particles and/or electrically insulating or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles, .ltoreq.1% rare earth metal, and/or .ltoreq.3% Cu. The process includes forming a non-densified metal sheet by consolidating a powder having an intermetallic alloy composition such as by roll compaction, tape casting or plasma spraying, forming a cold rolled sheet by cold rolling the non-densified metal sheet so as to increase the density and reduce the thickness thereof and annealing the cold rolled sheet. The powder can be a water, polymer or gas atomized powder which is subjecting to sieving and/or blending with a binder prior to the consolidation step. After the consolidation step, the sheet can be partially sintered. The cold rolling and/or annealing steps can be repeated to achieve the desired sheet thickness and properties. The annealing can be carried out in a vacuum furnace with a vacuum or inert atmosphere. During final annealing, the cold rolled sheet recrystallizes to an average grain size of about 10 to 30 .mu.m. Final stress relief annealing can be carried out in the B2 phase temperature range.
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公开(公告)号：US5247949A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US639241
申请日：1991-01-09
CPC分类号： C10L5/40 , A24B15/165 , A24F47/004 , Y02E50/30
摘要： This invention relates to a heat source comprising metal carbide and a method for preparing the same using a reducing/carbidizing atmosphere. The metal carbide heat sources of this invention have ignition temperatures that are substantially lower than conventional carbon particles normally used in carbonaceous heat sources, while at the same time provide sufficient heat to release a flavored aerosol from a flavor bed for inhalation by the smoker. Upon combustion, the heat sources produce substantially no carbon monoxide.
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16.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5146934A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-15
申请号：US699490
申请日：1991-05-13
CPC分类号： A24F47/004 , A24B15/165
摘要： This invention relates to a heat source comprising a mixture of metal carbide, metal nitride and metal which undergo a staged ignition process, particularly useful in smoking articles. The metal carbide/metal nitride/metal mixtures making up the heat source have ignition temperatures that are substantially lower than conventional carbonaceous heat sources, while at the same time provide sufficient heat to release a flavored aerosol from a flavor bed for inhalation by the smoker. Upon combustion the heat source produces substantially no carbon monoxide or nitrogen oxides.
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公开(公告)号：US5408574A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-18
申请号：US35682
申请日：1993-03-23
CPC分类号： A24F47/008
摘要： A plurality of resistive heating elements and conductive elements are screenprinted onto a ceramic substrate to form a heater having multiple resistive heating elements. Slots formed between adjacent resistive heating elements members provide air gaps to thermally insulate each heating element from neighboring elements. Gold-plated leads provide low contact resistance for receiving power from a battery for energizing each of the resistive heating elements.
摘要翻译： 将多个电阻加热元件和导电元件丝网印刷到陶瓷基板上以形成具有多个电阻加热元件的加热器。 在相邻的电阻加热元件构件之间形成的槽形成气隙以使每个加热元件与相邻元件热绝缘。 镀金引线提供低接触电阻，用于从用于为每个电阻加热元件供电的电池接收功率。
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18.发明授权Method and apparatus for using, cleaning, and maintaining electrical heat sources and lighters useful in smoking systems and other apparatuses 失效用于吸烟系统和其他设备中使用，清洁和维护电热源和打火机的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5878752A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-09
申请号：US756223
申请日：1996-11-25
申请人： John M. Adams , William J. Crowe , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Jay A. Fournier , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , Willie G. Houck, Jr. , Donald B. Losee , Constance H. Morgan , John D. Naworal , H. Neal Nunnally , John B. Paine, III , Wynn R. Raymond , Robert L. Ripley , Jeffrey I. Seeman , Francis M. Sprinkel , Michael L. Watkins
发明人： John M. Adams , William J. Crowe , Grier S. Fleischhauer , Jay A. Fournier , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , Willie G. Houck, Jr. , Donald B. Losee , Constance H. Morgan , John D. Naworal , H. Neal Nunnally , John B. Paine, III , Wynn R. Raymond , Robert L. Ripley , Jeffrey I. Seeman , Francis M. Sprinkel , Michael L. Watkins
IPC分类号： A24F47/00
CPC分类号： A24F47/008
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for cleaning an electrical lighter are provided. A sleeve, e.g., ceramic or metal, surrounds the heater fixture, and a resistive heating element is in thermal proximity with the sleeve. The resistive heating element is either a dedicated element or the cigarette heating elements. The sleeve serves as a aerosol barrier and condensate accumulator to protect other components. Periodically, e.g., substantially contemporaneously with a battery recharge, the heating element is activated to thermally liberate condensates deposited on the sleeve during smoking and also heats, and thereby cleans, other components. Also, a cleaning element is optionally inserted into the cigarette receptacle of the electrical lighter or placed at the exit thereof to absorb, attract and/or catalytically break down the thermally liberated condensates. The sleeve also directs a desired flow path for drawn air within an electrical lighter toward the cigarette.
摘要翻译： 提供了清洁电打火机的方法和设备。 诸如陶瓷或金属的套管围绕加热器固定装置，电阻加热元件与套筒热接近。 电阻加热元件是专用元件或香烟加热元件。 套筒用作气溶胶屏障和冷凝液蓄能器，以保护其他部件。 周期性地，例如基本同时具有电池再充电，加热元件被激活以在吸烟期间热释放沉积在套筒上的冷凝物，并且还加热，从而清洁其它组分。 此外，清洁元件可选地插入电动打火机的香烟容器中或放置在其出口处以吸收，吸引和/或催化地分解热释放的冷凝物。 套筒还引导用于打火机内的抽吸空气的所需流路朝向香烟。
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公开(公告)号：US5934289A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US954752
申请日：1997-10-20
IPC分类号： A24F47/00
CPC分类号： A24F47/008
摘要： A novel photonic-electronic smoking system comprising a cigarette and a photonic operated electronic lighter, together with methodologies of smoking a cigarette, the lighter comprising a receptacle for removably receiving a cigarette; a photonic source; an optical train establishing a plurality of optical pathways from said photonic source to a plurality of locations at the received cigarette; a source of electrical power; a puff sensor responsive to a drawing action upon a cigarette received by said receptacle; and a controller responsive to said puff sensor for controllably communicating said source of electrical power with said photonic source so that upon drawing action upon the received cigarette, the photonic source discharges along said optical pathway to heat a region of said cigarette adjacent at least one of said locations.
摘要翻译： 一种新颖的光子电子吸烟系统，包括香烟和光子操作的电子打火机，以及吸烟的方法，打火机包括用于可拆卸地接收香烟的容器; 光子源 建立从所述光子源到接收的香烟处的多个位置的多个光学路径的光学列车; 电源; 抽吸传感器响应于由所述容器收到的香烟上的抽吸作用; 以及响应于所述吹扫传感器的控制器，用于可控地将所述电源与所述光子源连通，使得在对所接收的香烟进行抽吸动作时，所述光子源沿着所述光学路径排放以加热所述香烟的区域， 说的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5591368A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-07
申请号：US426165
申请日：1995-04-20
申请人： Grier S. Fleischhauer , Patrick H. Hayes , Constance H. Morgan , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , Michael L. Watkins , Walter A. Nichols , David E. Sharpe , Mary E. Counts
发明人： Grier S. Fleischhauer , Patrick H. Hayes , Constance H. Morgan , Mohammad R. Hajaligol , Michael L. Watkins , Walter A. Nichols , David E. Sharpe , Mary E. Counts
IPC分类号： A24F20060101 , A24F47/00 , H05B3/58 , A24F1/22
CPC分类号： A24F47/008
摘要： A provided heater comprises a supporting hub and a plurality of electrically resistive heater blades defining a receptacle to receive an inserted cigarette. Each blade comprises a first heater blade leg having a first end and a second end and extending at the first end from the supporting hub, a second heater blade leg having a first end and a second end, and a connecting section connecting the second end of the first leg and the first end of the second leg. The second end of the second leg extends toward the supporting hub and is electrically insulated therefrom. A resistive heating circuit is formed to heat the electrically resistive heater blade which in turn heats the inserted cigarette. The first and second legs are separated by a gap to permit entrainment of flavor substances into the heated cigarette upon drawing by a smoker.
摘要翻译： 提供的加热器包括支撑毂和多个电阻加热器叶片，其限定用于接收插入的香烟的容器。 每个叶片包括具有第一端和第二端并且在第一端处从支撑毂延伸的第一加热器叶片腿，具有第一端和第二端的第二加热器叶片腿和连接第二端 第一条腿和第二条腿的第一端。 第二支腿的第二端向支撑毂延伸并与之电绝缘。 形成电阻加热电路以加热电阻加热器叶片，其继而加热插入的香烟。 第一和第二腿由间隙分开，以允许吸烟者在吸烟时将调味物质夹带到加热的香烟中。
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