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11.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06222828B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-24
申请号：US08741244
申请日：1996-10-30
申请人： John E. Ohlson , Donald R. Martin
发明人： John E. Ohlson , Donald R. Martin
IPC分类号： H04J102
CPC分类号： H04J13/102 , H04B1/707 , H04B7/18532 , H04B7/212 , H04L5/06 , H04L7/041 , H04W52/0229 , H04W52/0241 , H04W52/028 , Y02D70/164 , Y02D70/40 , Y02D70/446
摘要： A communications waveform format is provided for a satellite-based telecommunications system. The waveform format includes forward and return link waveforms between the satellite, earth stations and terminals. The forward and return links use orthogonal direct-sequence code division multiple access (ODS-CDMA) to minimize interference between users. The forward and return link spectrum may be divided into channels, the frequencies and spacing of which are adjustable to compensate for Doppler effects, thereby maintaining synchronization. The spectrum of the terminal links may be divided into multiple subbands (e.g., 38), each of which may support multiple (e.g., 80) ODS-CDMA channels. The forward and return links support traffic channels (TCH), associated signaling channels (ASC), broadcast control channels (BCC), forward signaling channels (FSC) having paging slots (PAS) and channel allocation slots (CAS), call establishment channels (CEC), and loop signaling channels (LSC), a measurement reporting channel (MRC), and a return access channel (RAC). The RAC carries nonsynchronous spread spectrum pseudo-noise (PN) signal access bursts which are used by terminals to initially access the communications system.
摘要翻译： 为基于卫星的电信系统提供通信波形格式。 波形格式包括卫星，地球站和终端之间的前向和后向链路波形。 正向和反向链路使用正交直接序列码分多址（ODS-CDMA）来最小化用户之间的干扰。 前向和返回链路频谱可以被划分为信道，频率和间隔可调整以补偿多普勒效应，从而保持同步。 终端链路的频谱可以被划分为多个子带（例如，38），每个子带可以支持多个（例如，80个）ODS-CDMA信道。 前向和后退链路支持业务信道（TCH），相关联的信令信道（ASC），广播控制信道（BCC），具有寻呼时隙（PAS）和信道分配时隙（CAS），呼叫建立信道 CEC）和环路信令信道（LSC），测量报告信道（MRC）和返回接入信道（RAC）。 RAC携带非同步扩频伪噪声（PN）信号接入脉冲串，终端用于初始访问通信系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5311437A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US827181
申请日：1992-01-28
CPC分类号： G06Q10/06 , G06F2219/10
摘要： A computer-implemented preferred materials selector tool comprises a digital processor, a data storage medium accessible by the digital processor, and a data base stored in the data storage medium having a plurality of entries for materials. At least some of the data base entries include identification of the physical character of the material, identification of a procedure in which the material is operable, and a hazard/environmental assessment. The computer-implemented tool further includes a set of instructions executable by the digital processor for controllably selecting a material from the data base responsive to a comparison with the physical character of the material, the procedure identification, or the hazard/environmental assessment.
摘要翻译： 计算机实现的优选材料选择器工具包括数字处理器，可由数字处理器访问的数据存储介质，以及存储在数据存储介质中的数据库，具有用于材料的多个条目。 至少一些数据库条目包括材料的物理特征的识别，材料可操作的程序的识别以及危害/环境评估。 计算机实现的工具还包括可由数字处理器执行的一组指令，用于响应于与材料的物理特性，过程识别或危害/环境评估的比较来可控地从数据库中选择材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4553008A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-12
申请号：US620515
申请日：1984-06-14
IPC分类号： H01H33/76 , H01H33/88 , H01H33/915 , H01H33/82
摘要： An load interrupter is disclosed having the characteristics of an ordinary puffer interrupter and a self-extinguishing gas flow interrupter. The load interrupter comprises a generally hollow cylinder which is adapted to be filled with an arc extinguishing fluid and which has an electrically insulated nozzle at one end. A piston is sealingly and slidingly disposed within the cylinder so as to be movable between a first and second position to change the internal volume of the cylinder that is in flow communication with the nozzled end. A stop limits the relative motion between the piston and the nozzled end of the cylinder. A spring biases the piston against the stop. One of the two contacts across which the arc is formed is carried by the piston. The other contact is operated by a prime mover to move into and out of the chamber formed by the piston, cylinder and nozzle. Thus, under low current conditions, the piston follows the movement of the other contact. Under high current carrying or fault conditions, the spring designed to be overcome by the energy released from the arc so as to control the temperature and pressure rise adequately enough to extinguish the arc by the self-extinguishing principle. The moving contact has a tip formed from an electrical insulating material to constrict the arc at the throat of the nozzle thereby increasing the arc extinguishing efficiency of the interrupter.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有普通吹气断路器和自熄气体流动断续器特征的负载断续器。 负载断流器包括一个大体中空的圆筒，其适于填充灭弧流体，并且在一端具有电绝缘的喷嘴。 活塞密封地且滑动地设置在气缸内，以便能够在第一和第二位置之间移动，以改变与喷嘴端流动连通的气缸的内部容积。 停止限制活塞和气缸的喷嘴端之间的相对运动。 弹簧将活塞偏压在挡块上。 电弧形成的两个触点中的一个由活塞承载。 另一个接触器由原动机操作以移入和移出由活塞，气缸和喷嘴形成的室。 因此，在低电流条件下，活塞跟随另一个触点的移动。 在高电流承载或故障条件下，弹簧被设计成由电弧释放的能量克服，以便通过自熄原理足够地控制温度和压力升高以消除电弧。 可移动触点具有由电绝缘材料形成的尖端，以在喷嘴的喉部处收缩电弧，从而提高断流器的灭弧效率。
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公开(公告)号：US4465910A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-14
申请号：US420038
申请日：1982-09-20
申请人： Donald R. Martin
发明人： Donald R. Martin
IPC分类号： H01H33/90 , H01H33/915 , H01H33/00
CPC分类号： H01H33/901 , H01H33/905
摘要： An electrical circuit interrupter is disclosed having the characteristic of a puffer interrupter and a self-extinguishing gas flow interrupter. The interrupter comprises a generally hollow movable cylinder which is adapted to be filled with an arc extinguishing fluid and which has an opening at one end. A piston is sealingly and coaxially disposed within the cylinder so as to be movable between a first and second position to change the internal volume of the cylinder in flow communication with its opening. A fixed guide is provided to direct the motion of the piston within the cylinder. A stop is carried by the guide to limit the relative motion between the piston and the cylinder. A spring biases the piston against the stop. Disposed at the open end of the cylinder is an arc site such that the pressure within the cylinder increases as the energy released from the arc increases. One of the two contacts across which the arc is formed is carried by the cylinder. Thus, under low or no arc conditions, the piston is held by the biasing means against the stop as the cylinder moves relative to it. This forces arc extinguishing fluid in the vicinity of the arc. Under high current carrying or fault conditions, the biasing means is overcome by the energy released from the arc to control the temperature and pressure rise adequately enough to extinguish the arc by the self extinguishing principle.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有吹气断路器和自熄气体流动断续器特征的电路断续器。 断流器包括一个大体中空的可动气缸，其适于填充有灭弧液体，并且其一端具有开口。 活塞密封地同轴地设置在气缸内，以便能够在第一和第二位置之间移动，以改变与其开口流动连通的气缸的内部容积。 提供固定的引导件来引导活塞在气缸内的运动。 引导件承载止动件，以限制活塞和气缸之间的相对运动。 弹簧将活塞偏压在挡块上。 在气缸的开口端处设置有弧形位置，使得气缸内的压力随着从电弧释放的能量增加而增加。 电弧形成的两个触点中的一个由气缸承载。 因此，在低或非电弧条件下，当气缸相对于其运动时，活塞由偏置装置抵靠止动件保持。 这就迫使灭弧液在电弧附近。 在高电流承载或故障条件下，偏置装置通过从电弧释放的能量来克服，以适当地控制温度和压力升高，以通过自熄原理熄灭电弧。
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公开(公告)号：US07327213B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-05
申请号：US10958578
申请日：2004-10-05
IPC分类号： H01H85/175 , H01H85/042 , H01B17/44
CPC分类号： H01H85/042 , H01H85/165 , H01H2085/0225
摘要： An encapsulated fuse for power distribution systems and method for producing such fuses is provided. A fuse includes a body with opposing terminals. A corona shield is generally coaxial with the fuse and substantially extends the full length of the fuse body. The corona shield is electrically coupled at its first end with a first fuse terminal. The second end of the corona shield has a slightly larger cross-section than the first end to provide electrical isolation from the second fuse terminal. The fuse and attached corona shield are molded in an encapsulating material.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于配电系统的封装保险丝及其制造方法。 保险丝包括具有相对端子的主体。 电晕屏蔽件通常与保险丝同轴，并且基本上延伸保险丝体的全长。 电晕屏蔽件在其第一端处与第一熔丝端子电耦合。 电晕屏蔽的第二端具有比第一端稍大的横截面以提供与第二熔丝端子的电隔离。 保险丝和附着的电晕屏蔽件被模制成封装材料。
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公开(公告)号：US6055277A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-25
申请号：US864774
申请日：1997-05-29
IPC分类号： H04H20/00 , H03M13/27 , H04B7/26 , H04L1/00 , H04L1/02 , H04B15/00 , H03M13/00 , G06F11/00 , H04J3/04
CPC分类号： H04L1/0071 , H03M13/2742 , H03M13/2757 , H04L1/0009 , H04L1/0019 , H04L1/02
摘要： A communication system (10) implemented to be specifically matched to the time and spatially dependent statistics of a transmission channel (36). The communication system (10) is used for broadcasting over the channel (36) to users in a coverage region (18). The communication system (10) includes a transmitter (12) having an error correction encoder (30) and a weighted interleaver (32). The error correction encoder (30) includes a first input to receive data bits and a first output. The error correction encoder (30) expands each data bit received at said input by an encoder rate. The weighted interleaver (32) includes a second input to receive the expanded data bits and a second output. The weighted interleaver (32) has a non-uniform delay distribution between a minimum delay and a maximum delay to interleave the expanded data bits by the non-uniform delay distribution. The communication system (10) also employs a weighted link margin matched to the time and spatially dependent statistics of the transmission channel.
摘要翻译： 实现为与传输信道（36）的时间和空间相关统计特别匹配的通信系统（10）。 通信系统（10）用于通过信道（36）向覆盖区域（18）中的用户进行广播。 通信系统（10）包括具有纠错编码器（30）和加权交织器（32）的发射机（12）。 纠错编码器（30）包括用于接收数据位和第一输出的第一输入。 纠错编码器（30）将在所述输入处接收到的每个数据位扩展一编码器速率。 加权交织器（32）包括用于接收扩展数据比特和第二输出的第二输入。 加权交织器（32）具有在最小延迟和最大延迟之间的非均匀延迟分布，以通过非均匀延迟分布对扩展的数据比特进行交织。 通信系统（10）还采用与传输信道的时间和空间依赖统计匹配的加权链路余量。
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公开(公告)号：US5134256A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-28
申请号：US608232
申请日：1990-11-02
申请人： Donald R. Martin
发明人： Donald R. Martin
IPC分类号： H01H33/02 , H01H33/42 , H01H33/915
CPC分类号： H01H33/022 , H01H33/42 , H01H2009/0088
摘要： An electrical switch apparatus comprising at least one set of contacts including a movable contact and a stationary contact, at least one chamber surrounding the contacts, a first support for supporting the chamber, a second support for supporting the stationary contact with respect to the chamber, an adhesive for attaching the first and second supports to the chamber, a non-circular drive shaft, a connection mechanism for coupling the moving contact to the drive shaft, a locating mechanism for securing the connection mechanism along the drive shaft, a coupling mechanism associated with the drive shaft for transmitting rotational energy to the drive shaft, the coupling mechanism having an adaptor that mates with the drive shaft with a clearance between the adaptor and the shaft, and a castable material filling the clearance to form an interface between the drive shaft and the adaptor.
摘要翻译： 一种电开关装置，包括至少一组触点，包括可移动触点和固定触点，至少一个围绕触点的腔室，用于支撑腔室的第一支撑件，用于相对于腔室支撑固定触点的第二支撑件， 用于将第一和第二支撑件附接到室的粘合剂，非圆形驱动轴，用于将可动触头连接到驱动轴的连接机构，用于沿着驱动轴固定连接机构的定位机构， 用于将旋转能量传递到驱动轴的驱动轴，联接机构具有适配器，该适配器与适配器和轴之间的间隙与驱动轴配合，以及填充间隙的可浇注材料，以在驱动轴之间形成界面 和适配器。
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18.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4780581A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-25
申请号：US115529
申请日：1987-10-30
申请人： Nils V. Holmgren , Donald R. Martin
发明人： Nils V. Holmgren , Donald R. Martin
IPC分类号： H01H33/90 , H01H33/915 , H01H33/98 , H01H33/88
CPC分类号： H01H33/901 , H01H33/98
摘要： A switch apparatus comprising a fixed tubular contact having an inner end, a movable tubular contact having an inner end and being movable between a closed position wherein the inner ends of the contacts overlap and an open position wherein the inner ends of the contacts are spaced apart, a piston fixed to the movable contact for movement thereiwth, a cylinder slideably receiving the piston and cooperating with the piston to define a variable volume pressure chamber which decreases in volume as the movable contact moves from the closed position to the open position, and a housing fixed to the piston and having an inner surface which cooperates with the piston to define an arc chamber containing the inner end of the movable contact, the housing having therein an aperture through which the fixed contact extends when the movable contact is in the closed position, and the arc chamber communicating with the pressure chamber so that gas is forced from the pressure chamber into the arc chamber when the movable contact moves from the closed position to the open position.
摘要翻译： 一种开关装置，包括具有内端的固定管状触点，具有内端的可移动管状触点，并且可在触点的内端重叠的闭合位置和触点的内端间隔开的打开位置之间移动 固定在活动触点上的活塞，用于在其上移动的气缸，可滑动地接收活塞并与活塞配合的气缸，以限定随着可动触头从关闭位置移动到打开位置时体积减小的可变容积压力室， 壳体固定到活塞并具有与活塞配合的内表面，以限定容纳可动触头内端的电弧室，该壳体具有孔，当可动触头处于闭合位置时，壳体具有孔 并且电弧室与压力室连通，使得气体被迫从压力室进入电弧槽 r当可动触点从关闭位置移动到打开位置时。
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19.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06731614B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09686060
申请日：2000-10-11
申请人： John E. Ohlson , Donald R. Martin
发明人： John E. Ohlson , Donald R. Martin
IPC分类号： H04J102
CPC分类号： H04J13/102 , H04B1/707 , H04B7/18532 , H04B7/212 , H04L5/06 , H04L7/041 , H04W52/0229 , H04W52/0241 , H04W52/028 , Y02D70/164 , Y02D70/40 , Y02D70/446
摘要： A communications waveform format is provided for a satellite-based telecommunications system. The waveform format includes forward and return link waveforms between the satellite, earth stations and terminals. The forward and return links use orthogonal direct-sequence code division multiple access (ODS-CDMA) to minimize interference between users. The forward and return link spectrum may be divided into channels, the frequencies and spacing of which are adjustable to compensate for Doppler effects, thereby maintaining synchronization. The spectrum of the terminal links may be divided into multiple subbands (e.g., 38), each of which may support multiple (e.g., 80) ODS-CDM channels. The forward and return links support traffic channels (TCH), associated signaling channels (ASC), broadcast control channels (BCC), forward signaling channels (FSC) having paging slots (PAS) and channel allocation slots (CAS), call establishment channels (CEC), and loop signaling channels (LSC), a measurement reporting channel (MRC), and a return access channel (RAC). The RAC carries nonsynchronous spread spectrum pseudo-noise (PN) signal access bursts which are used by terminals to initially access the communications system.
摘要翻译： 为基于卫星的电信系统提供通信波形格式。 波形格式包括卫星，地球站和终端之间的前向和后向链路波形。 正向和反向链路使用正交直接序列码分多址（ODS-CDMA）来最小化用户之间的干扰。 前向和返回链路频谱可以被划分为信道，频率和间隔可调整以补偿多普勒效应，从而保持同步。 终端链路的频谱可以被划分为多个子带（例如38），每个子带可以支持多个（例如，80个）ODS-CDM信道。 前向和后退链路支持业务信道（TCH），相关联的信令信道（ASC），广播控制信道（BCC），具有寻呼时隙（PAS）和信道分配时隙（CAS），呼叫建立信道 CEC）和环路信令信道（LSC），测量报告信道（MRC）和返回接入信道（RAC）。 RAC携带非同步扩频伪噪声（PN）信号接入脉冲串，终端用于初始访问通信系统。
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20.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06377557B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09282242
申请日：1999-03-31
申请人： John E. Ohlson , Donald R. Martin
发明人： John E. Ohlson , Donald R. Martin
IPC分类号： H04B7216
CPC分类号： H04J13/102 , H04B1/707 , H04B7/18532 , H04B7/212 , H04L5/06 , H04L7/041 , H04W52/0229 , H04W52/0241 , H04W52/028 , Y02D70/164 , Y02D70/40 , Y02D70/446
摘要： A communications waveform format is provided for a satellite-based telecommunications system. The waveform format includes forward and return link waveforms between the satellite, earth stations and terminals. The forward and return links use orthogonal direct-sequence code division multiple access (ODS-CDMA) to minimize interference between users. The forward and return link spectrum may be divided into channels, the frequencies and spacing of which are adjustable to compensate for Doppler effects, thereby maintaining synchronization. The spectrum of the terminal links may be divided into multiple subbands (e.g., 38), each of which may support multiple (e.g., 80) ODS-CDMA channels. The forward and return links support traffic channels (TCH), associated signaling channels (ASC), broadcast control channels (BCC), forward signaling channels (FST) having paging slots (PAS) and channel allocation slots (CAS), call establishment channels (CEC), and loop signaling channels (LSC), a measurement reporting channel (MRC), and a return access channel (RAC). The RAC carries nonsynchronous spread spectrum pseudo-noise (PN) signal access bursts which are used by terminals to initially access the communications system.
摘要翻译： 为基于卫星的电信系统提供通信波形格式。 波形格式包括卫星，地球站和终端之间的前向和后向链路波形。 正向和反向链路使用正交直接序列码分多址（ODS-CDMA）来最小化用户之间的干扰。 前向和返回链路频谱可以被划分为信道，频率和间隔可调整以补偿多普勒效应，从而保持同步。 终端链路的频谱可以被划分为多个子带（例如，38），每个子带可以支持多个（例如，80个）ODS-CDMA信道。 前向和后退链路支持业务信道（TCH），相关联的信令信道（ASC），广播控制信道（BCC），具有寻呼时隙（PAS）和信道分配时隙（CAS），呼叫建立信道 CEC）和环路信令信道（LSC），测量报告信道（MRC）和返回接入信道（RAC）。 RAC携带非同步扩频伪噪声（PN）信号接入脉冲串，终端用于初始访问通信系统。
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