摘要:
A malfunction determination device for a motor control system, outputs a position signal that indicates a moved position of a movable member of a motor and a direction signal that indicates a movement direction of the movable member. The malfunction determination device determines a malfunction has occurred if a relationship between the position signal and the direction signal differs from that when the motor control system is operating normally. The malfunction determination device outputs a pulse signal that varies periodically along with variations in the moved position of the movable member as the position signal; outputs a periodic pulse signal in the same phase with the position signal as the direction signal if the movable member is moving in one direction; and outputs a periodic pulse signal in an opposite phase to the position signal as the direction signal if the movable member is moving in the other direction.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process whereby fluorine atom-containing sulfonyl fluoride compound(s) useful as e.g. materials for ion-exchange membranes, can be produced efficiently and at low cost without structural limitations while solving the difficulties in production. Namely, the present invention provides a process which comprises reacting XSO2RA-E1 (1) with RB-E2 (2) to form XSO2R4-E-RB (3), then reacting (3) with fluorine in a liquid phase to form FSO2RAF-EF-RBF (4), and further, decomposing the compound to obtain FSO2RAF-EFl (5), wherein RA is a bivalent organic group, E1 is a monovalent reactive group, RB is a monovalent organic group, E2 is a monovalent reactive group which is reactive with E1, E is a bivalent connecting group formed by the reaction of E1 with E2, RAF is a bivalent organic group formed by the fluorination of RA, etc., RBF is the same group as RB, etc., EF1 is a bivalent connecting group formed by the fluorination of E, etc., EF1 is a monovalent group formed by the decomposition of EF, and X is a halogen atom.
摘要翻译:本发明提供了一种可用于例如氟原子的磺酰氟化合物的方法。 用于离子交换膜的材料可以在没有结构限制的情况下有效且低成本地生产,同时解决生产上的困难。 即,本发明提供一种方法,其包括使XSO2RA-E1(1)与RB-E2(2)反应形成XSO 2 R 4 -E-RB(3),然后使(3)与氟在液相中反应形成FSO2RAF- EF-RBF(4),进一步分解化合物,得到FSO2RAF-EF1(5),其中RA为二价有机基团,E1为单价反应性基团,RB为一价有机基团,E2为单价反应基团 E与E1反应,E是通过E1与E2的反应形成的二价连接基团,RAF是通过RA的氟化形成的二价有机基团等,RBF与RB等同,EF1是 通过E的氟化形成的二价连接基团等,EF1是通过EF的分解形成的一价基团,X是卤素原子。
摘要:
A dry etching method includes: mounting a silicon substrate in a processing chamber; generating a plasma by discharging an etching gas in the processing chamber; and etching the silicon substrate by the plasma. The etching gas is a gaseous mixture including a Cl2 gas and one of an O2 gas, a rare gas, a HBr gas, a CF4 gas, and a SF6 gas.
摘要:
A light guide sheet includes a material sheet having a film shape, first and second illuminations portion provided on the material sheet for diffusing light. The material sheet has a slit having substantially a strip shape provided therein and provided around the first illumination portion. The slit has a first edge and a second edge opposite to the first edge. The first edge faces the first illumination portion. The material sheet includes a first bridge and a second bridge linking the first edge of the first slit to the second edge across the first slit. This light guide sheet provides a movable contact assembly which is easily fabricated and provides preferable illuminating.
摘要:
A movable contact unit includes a base sheet made of polyurethane resin, a domed movable contact made of thin metal sheet, and a pushing protrusion. The movable contact is held on a first face side of the base sheet. The pushing protrusion is formed on a second face of the base sheet at a place corresponding to a domed top of the movable contact.
摘要:
There is provided a far infrared radiator capable of highly activating methane gas prior to combustion to thereby attain an enhancement of thermal efficiency at combustion. In a passage of methane gas prior to combustion, there is positioned absorbent material (58) produced by mixing at least carbon with tourmaline as an absorption material of absorptivity higher than that of the material of the methane gas passage. Energy-absorbing coating (59) is applied to an fixed on the external surface of the absorbent material, and on a circumferential surface of the energy-absorbing coating there are positioned magnet (54) and far infrared radiator (57) produced by mixing tourmaline with at least iron powder and carbon.
摘要:
To provide a prepolymer which is excellent in heat resistance and which can form a cured product excellent in oil repellency and water repellency.A crosslinkable prepolymer having a polyaryl ether structure on its main chain, which has a crosslinkable functional group and a side chain represented by “Rf—CH2—O—” wherein Rf is a C3-50 fluorinated alkyl group (which may contain an oxygen atom forming an ether bond)).
摘要:
The present invention provides a process A1 for producing a compound (5A), which comprises fluorinating a compound (3A-1) by liquid phase fluorination to a compound (4A-1), followed by a decomposition reaction of an ester bond; a process A2 for producing a compound (5A), which comprises fluorinating a compound (3A-2) by liquid phase fluorination to a compound (4A-2), followed by a decomposition reaction of an ester bond; and a process B for producing a compound (5B), which comprises fluorinating a compound (3B) by liquid phase fluorination to a compound (4B), followed by hydrolysis or alcoholysis. Further, the present invention provides a compound (5A) wherein n is 2 to 4, and a compound (5B) wherein n is 3 or 4. A(—CH2—OCO—R)n (3A-1) Af(—CF2—OCO—Rf)n (4A-1) A(—COOR)n (3A-2) Af(—COORf)n (4A-2) Af(—COF)n (5A) A(—OCO—R)n (3B) Af(—OCO—Rf)n (4B) Af(—OH)n (5B) provided that the carbon atom in adamantane to which —OCO—Rf is bonded, is a tertiary carbon atom, A is a n-valent group having n hydrogen atoms in adamantane converted to connecting bonds, R is a fluorinated monovalent organic group, n is an integer of from 1 to 4, Af is a group having at least one of hydrogen atoms in the group A substituted by a fluorine atom, and Rf is a fluorinated monovalent organic group.
摘要:
A 3D image generation and display system facilitating the display of high-quality images in a Web browser comprises means for creating 3D images from a plurality of different images and computer graphics modeling and generating a 3D object from these images that has texture and attribute data; means for converting and outputting the 3D object as a 3D description file in a 3D graphics descriptive language; means for extracting a 3D object and textures from the 3D description file, setting various attribute data, and editing and processing the 3D object to introduce animation or the like and assigning various effects; means for generating various Web-based 3D objects from the 3D data files produced above that are compressed to be displayed in a Web browser and generating behavior data to display 3D scenes in a Web browser with animation; and means for generating an executable file comprising a Web page and Web-based programs such as scripts, plug-ins, and applets for drawing and displaying 3D scenes in a Web browser.
摘要:
Adamantane derivates which can be material compounds of a polymer excellent in etching resistance and having improved transmittance to light having a short wavelength, are produced by an economically advantageous process from readily available materials.A compound (10) is subjected to esterification reaction with a compound (11) to obtain a compound (12), which is subjected to fluorination in a liquid phase to obtain a compound (13), which is then subjected to hydrolysis or alcoholysis to obtain a compound (2), which is then reacted with a compound (15) thereby to obtain a compound (1). Here, A to J are —CFH— or —CF2—; RF is a perfluoroalkyl group or the like; X10 is F or the like; Y2 is H or OH; Y3 is H or RFCOO—; Y4 is H, F or RFCOO—; Y5 is H, F, RFCOO— or OH; Y0 is H, F, —OCOCR1═CH2 or OH: R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or the like; and X11 is OH or a halogen atom:
摘要翻译:金刚烷衍生物可以通过从容易获得的材料的经济上有利的方法产生耐蚀性优异且具有改善的具有短波长的光的透射率的聚合物的材料化合物。 化合物(10)与化合物(11)进行酯化反应,得到化合物(12),将其进行液相氟化,得到化合物(13),然后进行水解或醇解 得到化合物(2),然后与化合物(15)反应,得到化合物(1)。 这里,A至J为-CFH-或-CF 2 - R F是全氟烷基等; X 10是F等; Y 2是H或OH; Y 3是H或R 0 COO-; Y 4是H,F或R“COO-; H 5是H,F,R F CO或O-; Y 0是H,F,-OCOCR 1 -CH 2或OH:R 1是氢原子 ,甲基等; 并且X 11是OH或卤素原子: